内存缓存的出现是解决，设备之间的读写速度的差异！
00、linux缓存解释
/proc/sys/vm/drop_caches (since Linux 2.6.16)
Writing to this file causes the kernel to drop clean caches,dentries and inodes from memory, causing that memory to become free
sync //fist act!!!
To free pagecache, use echo 1 > /proc/sys/vm/drop_caches;
to free dentries and inodes, use echo 2 > /proc/sys/vm/drop_caches;
to free pagecache, dentries and inodes, use echo 3 > /proc/sys/vm/drop_caches.
Because this is a non-destructive operation and dirty objects are not freeable, the user should run sync first.