//1 运算符重载
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
class num
{
public:
num(){ n=1;}
~num(){}
int get()const{ return n;}
void set(int x){ n = x;}
private:
int n;
};
int main()
{
num n;
n.set(11);
cout<<n.get()<<endl;
//n++;
return 0;
}
/*
//2 在成员函数中实现自加
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
class num
{
public:
num(){ n=1;}
~num(){}
int get()const{ return n;}
void set(int x){ n = x;}
void add(){ ++n; }
private:
int n;
};
int main()
{
num n;
n.set(11);
cout<<n.get()<<endl;
//n++;
n.add();
cout<<n.get()<<endl;
return 0;
}
*/
/*
// 3 重载前置自加运算符
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
class num
{
public:
num(){ n=1;}
~num(){}
int get()const{ return n;}
void set(int x){ n = x;}
void add(){ ++n; }
void operator++(){ ++n;}
private:
int n;
};
int main()
{
num n;
n.set(11);
cout<<n.get()<<endl;
//n++;
//n.add();
++n;
cout<<n.get()<<endl;
return 0;
}
*/
// 4 重载前置自加运算符
/*
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
class num
{
public:
num(){ n=1;}
~num(){}
int get()const{ return n;}
void set(int x){ n = x;}
void add(){ ++n; }
void operator++(){ ++n;}
private:
int n;
};
int main()
{
num n;
n.set(11);
cout<<n.get()<<endl;
//n++;
//n.add();
//++n;
//num i = ++n;
cout<<n.get()<<endl;
return 0;
}
*/
/*
//5 创建临时对像
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
class num
{
public:
num(){ n=1;}
~num(){}
int get()const{ return n;}
void set(int x){ n = x;}
void add(){ ++n; }
num operator++()
{
++n;
num t;
t.set(n);
return t;
}
private:
int n;
};
int main()
{
num n;
n.set(11);
cout<<"n:"<<n.get()<<endl;
//n++;
n.add();
num i = ++n;
cout<<"i:"<<i.get()<<endl;
return 0;
}
*/
// 6 创建无名临时对像
/*#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
class num
{
public:
num(){ n=1; cout<<"构造函数执行"<<endl;}
num(int i){ n = i; cout<<"带参数的构造函数"<<endl;}
~num(){ cout<<"析构函数执行"<<endl;}
int get()const{ return n;}
void set(int x){ n = x;}
void add(){ ++n; }
num operator++()
{
++n;
return num(n); //这里返回一个创建的无名临时对像,他执行的是一个带参数的构造函数
//num t;
//t.set(n);
//return t;
}
private:
int n;
};
int main()
{
num n;
n.set(11);
cout<<"n:"<<n.get()<<endl;
//n++;
n.add();
num i = ++n;
cout<<"i:"<<i.get()<<endl;
return 0;
}*/
/*
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
class num
{
public:
num(){ n=1; cout<<"构造函数执行"<<endl;}
num(int i){ n = i; cout<<"带参数的构造函数"<<endl;}
~num(){ cout<<"析构函数执行"<<endl;}
num(const num&s){ this->n = s.n; cout<<"这里执行了带参数的复制构造函数"<<endl;}
int get()const{ return n;}
void set(int x){ n = x;}
void add(){ ++n; }
num operator++()
{
++n;
return *this; //这里其实是进行了复制构造函数
//return num(n);
//num t;
//t.set(n);
//return t;
}
//重载后执自加运算符
const num operator++(int o)
{
num temp(*this); //临时对像, *this表示operator++进行自加的当前对像
//++n; //这里的n是指原实对像的n,也就是this对像的n
this->n++; //与上等同 ++n;
return temp; //然后我们把临时对像返回去
}
private:
int n;
};
int main()
{
num i;
cout<<"i:"<<i.get()<<endl;
i.add();
cout<<"i:"<<i.get()<<endl;
num n = i++;
cout<<"i:"<<i.get()<<endl;
cout<<"n:"<<n.get()<<endl;
//num n = i++;
return 0;
}*/
// 7 取消创建临时对象
/*#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
class num
{
public:
num(){ n=1; cout<<"构造函数执行"<<endl;}
num(int i){ n = i; cout<<"带参数的构造函数"<<endl;}
~num(){ cout<<"析构函数执行"<<endl;}
num(const num&s){ this->n = s.n; cout<<"这里执行了带参数的复制构造函数"<<endl;}
int get()const{ return n;}
void set(int x){ n = x;}
void add(){ ++n; }
num operator++()
{
++n;
return *this; //这里其实是进行了复制构造函数
//return num(n);
//num t;
//t.set(n);
//return t;
}
private:
int n;
};
int main()
{
num n;
n.set(11);
cout<<"n:"<<n.get()<<endl;
//n++;
n.add();
num i = ++n; //这里进行重载运算符
cout<<"i:"<<i.get()<<endl;
return 0;
}*/
//9 重载后置自加运算
//如果x=1
// y = ++x; 执行完以后，x y 都等于2
// 前执自加是先将++x执行，然后赋值给y
// y = x++;
// 而后执自加是先将x赋值给y, 然后进行x++
// 那么这里的x = 2; y = 1;
/*#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
int i= 1;
int y, x;
y = ++i;
cout<<"i:"<<i<<", y:"<<y<<endl;
i = 1;
x = i ++;
cout<<"i:"<<i<<", x:"<<x<<endl;
return 0;
}*/
//后执自加
/*#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
class num
{
public:
num(){ n=1; cout<<"构造函数执行"<<endl;}
num(int i){ n = i; cout<<"带参数的构造函数"<<endl;}
~num(){ cout<<"析构函数执行"<<endl;}
num(const num&s){ this->n = s.n; cout<<"这里执行了带参数的复制构造函数"<<endl;}
int get()const{ return n;}
void set(int x){ n = x;}
void add(){ ++n; }
num operator++()
{
++n;
return *this; //这里其实是进行了复制构造函数
//return num(n);
//num t;
//t.set(n);
//return t;
}
//重载后执自加运算符
const num operator++(int o)
{
num temp(*this); //临时对像, *this表示operator++进行自加的当前对像
//++n; //这里的n是指原实对像的n,也就是this对像的n
this->n++; //与上等同 ++n;
return temp; //然后我们把临时对像返回去
}
private:
int n;
};
int main()
{
num i;
cout<<"i:"<<i.get()<<endl;
i.add();
cout<<"i:"<<i.get()<<endl;
num n = i++;
cout<<"i:"<<i.get()<<endl;
cout<<"n:"<<n.get()<<endl;
//num n = i++;
return 0;
}*/
//10 重载加法运算符函数
/*既然使用关键字operator配合运算符++可以实现对像的自加，那么关键字operator配合运算符+就可以实现将对像相加，本节我们就来学习
一下重载加法运算符operator+,减法运算符的道理与加法相同，这里就不多说了
在使用operator+之前我们先来看如查没有加运算符，比如说我们定义了两个对像sum a, b;
然后将这两个对像相加的结果赋给第三个对像
sum c = a+b;
我们要实现这样的操作仍然要定义一个add()函数，该函数被对像a所调用，然后在函数中将对像b作为参数传递到add()函数中去
然后在函数中将两上对像的成员变量相加，并将结果传递到构造函数中，最后返回这个构造函数，该函数的胚体写法与调用如下
*/
/*
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
class num
{
public:
num(){ n=1; cout<<"构造函数执行"<<endl;}
num(int i){ n = i; cout<<"带参数的构造函数"<<endl;}
~num(){ cout<<"析构函数执行"<<endl;}
num(const num&s){ this->n = s.n; cout<<"这里执行了带参数的复制构造函数"<<endl;}
int get()const{ return n;}
void set(int x){ n = x;}
void add(){ ++n; }
num add(const num&x){ return num(this->n + x.n); }
num operator++()
{
++n;
return *this; //这里其实是进行了复制构造函数
//return num(n);
//num t;
//t.set(n);
//return t;
}
//重载后执自加运算符
const num operator++(int o)
{
num temp(*this); //临时对像, *this表示operator++进行自加的当前对像
//++n; //这里的n是指原实对像的n,也就是this对像的n
this->n++; //与上等同 ++n;
return temp; //然后我们把临时对像返回去
}
private:
int n;
};
int main()
{
num one(1), two(2), three;
three = one.add(two);
cout<<"one:"<<one.get()<<endl;
cout<<"two:"<<two.get()<<endl;
cout<<"three:"<<three.get()<<endl;
return 0;
}*/
// 重载加法运算符函数
/*
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
class num
{
public:
num(){ n=1; cout<<"构造函数执行"<<endl;}
num(int i){ n = i; cout<<"带参数的构造函数"<<endl;}
~num(){ cout<<"析构函数执行"<<endl;}
num(const num&s){ this->n = s.n; cout<<"这里执行了带参数的复制构造函数"<<endl;}
int get()const{ return n;}
void set(int x){ n = x;}
void add(){ ++n; }
num add(const num&x){ return num(this->n + x.n); }
//重载+运算符,对两个对像进行相加操作
const num operator+(const num &x){ return (this->n + x.n); }
const num operator-(const num &x){ return (this->n - x.n); }
num operator++()
{
++n;
return *this; //这里其实是进行了复制构造函数
}
//重载后执自加运算符
const num operator++(int o)
{
num temp(*this); //临时对像, *this表示operator++进行自加的当前对像
//++n; //这里的n是指原实对像的n,也就是this对像的n
this->n++; //与上等同 ++n;
return temp; //然后我们把临时对像返回去
}
private:
int n;
};
int main()
{
num one(1), two(2), three;
//three = one + two;
//three = one.add(two);
three = one - two;
cout<<"one:"<<one.get()<<endl;
cout<<"two:"<<two.get()<<endl;
cout<<"three:"<<three.get()<<endl;
return 0;
}*/
// 12 重载赋值运算函数operator=\
/*
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
class num
{
public:
num(){ n=1; cout<<"构造函数执行"<<endl;}
num(int i){ n = i; cout<<"带参数的构造函数"<<endl;}
~num(){ cout<<"析构函数执行"<<endl;}
num(const num&s){ this->n = s.n; cout<<"这里执行了带参数的复制构造函数"<<endl;}
int get()const{ return n;}
void set(int x){ n = x;}
void add(){ ++n; }
num add(const num&x){ return num(this->n + x.n); }
//重载+运算符,对两个对像进行相加操作
const num operator+(const num &x){ return (this->n + x.n); }
const num operator-(const num &x){ return (this->n - x.n); }
const num equal(const num&x){ this->n = x.get(); return *this; }
const num operator=(const num&x){
if(this == &x){
return *this;
}
cout<<"operator=函数在调用"<<endl;
this->n = x.get();
return *this;
}
num operator++()
{
++n;
return *this; //这里其实是进行了复制构造函数
}
//重载后执自加运算符
const num operator++(int o)
{
num temp(*this); //临时对像, *this表示operator++进行自加的当前对像
//++n; //这里的n是指原实对像的n,也就是this对像的n
this->n++; //与上等同 ++n;
return temp; //然后我们把临时对像返回去
}
//赋值=运算符重载
private:
int n;
};
int main()
{
num one(1), two(2), three;
//three = one + two;
//three = one.add(two);
//three = one - two;
//one.equal(two);
//one = two;
cout<<"one:"<<one.get()<<endl;
cout<<"two:"<<two.get()<<endl;
cout<<"three:"<<three.get()<<endl;
return 0;
}*/
// 18 转换类型运算符
/*#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
class A
{
public:
A(int x){ i = x; cout<<"构造函数执行"<<i<<endl;}
//如果调用带两个参数的构造函数将产生错误
//A(int x, int y){ i = x; cout<<"构造函数执行"<<i<<endl;}
~A(){cout<<"析构造函数执行"<<i<<endl;}
void get(){ cout<<i<<endl;}
private:
int i;
};
int main()
{
A a(33);
a.get();
a = 1000; //在将1000赋值给a时，执行带一个参数的构造函数，会生成一个临时的对像，然后调用析构函数
a.get();
a = A(2); //强制类型表达式, 将2转换成A 的值
return 0;
}*/
/*
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
class A
{
public:
A(int x){ i = x; cout<<"构造函数执行"<<i<<endl;}
//如果调用带两个参数的构造函数将产生错误
//A(int x, int y){ i = x; cout<<"构造函数执行"<<i<<endl;}
~A(){cout<<"析构造函数执行"<<i<<endl;}
void get(){ cout<<i<<endl;}
operator int(){ return i;}
private:
int i;
};
int main()
{
A a(33);
a.get();
int x = 999;
x = a;
a.get();
cout<<x<<endl;
return 0;
}*/
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
class A
{
public:
A(int x){i=x;cout<<"构造函数执行！"<<i<<endl;}
~A(){cout<<"析构函数执行!"<<i<<endl;}
void get(){cout<<i<<endl;}
operator int()
{
cout<<"operator int"<<i<<endl;
return i;
}
private:
int i;
};
struct B
{
int a;
B(int i):a(i){}
//重载运算符int,可以将类进行类型换转为int型
operator int() const { return a; }
};
int main()
{
A a(33);
a.get();
int x=999;
x=a;
B aa(22);
int i = int(aa);
int j = aa;
cout<<"i:"<<i<<endl;
cout<<"j:"<<aa<<endl; //作用一样;
//a.get();
//cout<<endl;
//cout<<x<<endl;
return 0;
}