Centos搭建PHP5.3.8+Nginx1.0.9+Mysql5.5.17

算不上经验,只能说是个人总结.
在搭建过程中遇到的问题.并记录下来.
刚开学习始搭建环境的朋友少走一些弯路.
这没有过多的参数,并不是什么高性能网站的部署.
本人经验有限,在此分享一些遇到的问题. 

操作环境

　　操作系统:Mac Os Lion

　　虚拟主机:VMware Fusion

　　虚拟系统:Centos 5.5+

　　操作用户:Root

　　实现目的:搭建LNMP环境.

安装依赖库和开发环境

#依赖库和开发工具
yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ autoconf libjpeg libjpeg-devel libpng libpng-devel freetype freetype-devel libxml2 libxml2-devel zlib zlib-devel glibc glibc-devel glib2 glib2-devel bzip2 bzip2-devel ncurses ncurses-devel curl curl-devel e2fsprogs e2fsprogs-devel krb5 krb5-devel libidn libidn-devel openssl openssl-devel openldap openldap-devel nss_ldap openldap-clients openldap-servers

#Nginx
yum -y install pcre-devel  zlib-devel

#Php
yum -y install gd-devel libjpeg-devel libpng-devel freetype-devel libxml2-devel curl-devel freetype-devel
 
#Mysql
yum -y install bison gcc gcc-c++ autoconf automake zlib* libxml* ncurses-devel libtool-ltdl-devel* mysql-devel

下载软件包

#创建目录
mkdir /web 
cd /web 
 
#PHP5.3.7 
wget http://cn.php.net/distributions/php-5.3.8.tar.bz2 
 

#PHP库文件
wget http://ncu.dl.sourceforge.net/project/mcrypt/MCrypt/2.6.8/mcrypt-2.6.8.tar.gz
wget http://ncu.dl.sourceforge.net/project/mhash/mhash/0.9.9.9/mhash-0.9.9.9.tar.gz
wget http://ncu.dl.sourceforge.net/project/mcrypt/Libmcrypt/2.5.8/libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gz
wget http://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/libiconv/libiconv-1.14.tar.gz

#Nginx1.0.9
wget http://www.nginx.org/download/nginx-1.0.9.tar.gz

#Nginx(pcre)
wget ftp://ftp.csx.cam.ac.uk/pub/software/programming/pcre/pcre-8.13.tar.gz

#Mysql5.5.17
wget http://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.5/mysql-5.5.17.tar.gz/from/http://mysql.ntu.edu.tw/

#Mysql(cmake)
wget http://www.cmake.org/files/v2.8/cmake-2.8.6.tar.gz
 

安装Mysql

#安装cmake
tar -zxvf cmake-2.8.6.tar.gz
cd cmake-2.8.6/
./configure
gmake && gmake install  && cd ../

#添加mysql用户
/usr/sbin/groupadd mysql
/usr/sbin/useradd -g mysql mysql
mkdir -p /data/mysql
chown -R mysql:mysql /data/mysql

#安装Mysql
tar -zxvf mysql-5.5.17.tar.gz
cd mysql-5.5.17
cmake . -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql -DMYSQL_DATADIR=/data/mysql -DSYSCONFDIR=/etc/
make && make install

#设置Mysql
#在support-files目录中有五个配置信息文件：
#my-small.cnf (内存<=64M)
#my-medium.cnf (内存 128M)
#my-large.cnf (内存 512M)
#my-huge.cnf (内存 1G-2G)
#my-innodb-heavy-4G.cnf (内存 4GB)
cd /usr/local/mysql
cp ./support-files/my-medium.cnf /etc/my.cnf 
vi /etc/my.cnf
#在 [mysqld] 段增加
datadir = /data/mysql
wait-timeout = 30
max_connections = 512
default-storage-engine = MyISAM
#在 [mysqld] 段修改
max_allowed_packet = 16M 

#生成授权表
cd /usr/local/mysql
./scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql

#更改密码
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -u root password 123456

#开启mysql
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe &

#测试连接mysql
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -u root -p 123456
show databases;
exit;

#设置开机启动
vi /etc/rc.d/rc.local

#加入
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe &

安装PHP

#1
tar -zxvf libiconv-1.14.tar.gz && cd libiconv-1.14/
./configure --prefix=/usr/local
make && make install && cd ../

#2
tar -zxvf libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gz && cd libmcrypt-2.5.8/
./configure &&  make && make install
/sbin/ldconfig && cd libltdl/ && ./configure --enable-ltdl-install
make && make install && cd ../

#3
tar -zxvf mhash-0.9.9.9.tar.gz && cd mhash-0.9.9.9/ && ./configure
make && make install && cd ../

#4
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.la /usr/lib/libmcrypt.la
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.so /usr/lib/libmcrypt.so
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.so.4 /usr/lib/libmcrypt.so.4
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.so.4.4.8 /usr/lib/libmcrypt.so.4.4.8
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.a /usr/lib/libmhash.a
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.la /usr/lib/libmhash.la
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.so /usr/lib/libmhash.so
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.so.2 /usr/lib/libmhash.so.2
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.so.2.0.1 /usr/lib/libmhash.so.2.0.1
ln -s /usr/local/bin/libmcrypt-config /usr/bin/libmcrypt-config

#5
tar -zxvf mcrypt-2.6.8.tar.gz &&cd mcrypt-2.6.8/
/sbin/ldconfig
./configure
make && make install && cd ../

#6
tar -xjvf php-5.3.8.tar.bz2 
cd php-5.3.8

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php \
--with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php/etc \
--with-iconv-dir=/usr/local/ --with-freetype-dir \
--with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql \
--with-mysqli=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_config \
--with-jpeg-dir --with-png-dir --with-zlib \
--with-mhash --enable-sockets --enable-ftp \
--with-libxml-dir --enable-xml --disable-rpath \
--enable-safe-mode --enable-bcmath \
--enable-shmop --enable-sysvsem \
--enable-inline-optimization --with-curl \
--with-curlwrappers \
--enable-mbregex \
--enable-mbstring --with-mcrypt --with-gd \
--enable-gd-native-ttf --with-openssl --with-mhash \
--enable-pcntl --enable-sockets --with-ldap --with-ldap-sasl \
--enable-fpm \
--with-xmlrpc --enable-zip --enable-soap \
--without-pear \


make ZEND_EXTRA_LIBS='-liconv'

#注意这里容易出现 make: *** [ext/phar/phar.php] 错误 127

#出现mysql client解决方法 
#ln -s /usr/local/mysql/lib/libmysqlclient.so /usr/lib/
#ln -s /usr/local/mysql/lib/libmysqlclient.so.18 /usr/lib/libmysqlclient.so.18

#或者chmod: 无法访问 “ext/phar/phar.phar”: 没有那个文件或目录
#make: [ext/phar/phar.phar] 错误 1 (忽略)
#解决方法在编译的时候加--without-pear参数

#如果还不行,make的时候不添加 ZEND_EXTRA_LIBS='-liconv' 参数

make install

#选择PHP.ini配置文件
cp php.ini-production /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini

更改PHP-FPM

#添加WWW用户
/usr/sbin/groupadd www && /usr/sbin/useradd -g www www
mkdir -p /var/log/nginx && chmod +w /var/log/nginx &&chown -R www:www /var/log/nginx
mkdir -p /data/www && chmod +w /data/www && chown -R www:www /data/www

cp /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf.default /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf
vi /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf
  
#去掉/更改 配置文件中的;
pm.max_children = 64 
pm.start_servers = 20
pm.min_spare_servers = 5
pm.max_spare_servers = 35
pm.max_requests = 1024
user = www
group = www 

#检查语法是否正确
/usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpm -t
#出现NOTICE: configuration file /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf test is successful 测试成功
/usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpm &
#设置开机启动
vi /etc/rc.d/rc.local
#在行末加入
/usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpm &

#返回安装包目录 
cd /web 

安装Nginx

#安装pcre库
tar -zxvf pcre-8.13.tar.gz && cd pcre-8.13/ && ./configure
make && make install && cd ../

#安装Nginx
tar -zxvf nginx-1.0.9.tar.gz && cd nginx-1.0.9 &&
./configure --user=www --group=www \
--prefix=/usr/local/nginx \
--sbin-path=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx \
--conf-path=/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf \
--with-http_stub_status_module \
--with-http_ssl_module \
--with-pcre \
--lock-path=/var/run/nginx.lock \
--pid-path=/var/run/nginx.pid

make && make install && cd ../

#更改配置
vi /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

#修改一些参数,别直接替换文件,这只是一部分
user www

events {
    use epoll;
    worker_connections  1024;
}

location ~ \.php$ {
            root           html;
            fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
            fastcgi_index  index.php;
            fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
            include        fastcgi_params;
        }

#注意这里
#$document_root$fastcgi_script_name;

#检测配置文件
/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t

#提示表示成功
#nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
#nginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful

#开启Nginx
/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx &

#平滑重启Nginx
/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload

#添加开机启动
vi /etc/rc.d/rc.local
#最后移行加入
/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx

#测试
cd /usr/local/nginx/html/
touch index.php
vi /usr/local/nginx/html/index.php
<?php
phpinfo();
?> 

允许任何人转载,帮助更多的人,解决遇到的问题:
原文链接地址:http://www.cnblogs.com/wubaiqing/archive/2011/11/08/2241195.html
作者:吴佰清