• 初识 SpringMVC


    1.Spring MVC 的工作流程

    1.web请求被 前端控制器DispatcherServlet)拦截

    2.DispatcherServlet调用 映射处理器HandelerMapping查找页面 处理器Handler),HandlerMapping向DispatcherServlet返回Handler。HandlerMapping把web请求映射为HandlerExecutionChain对象,它包含了一个Handler处理器对象和多个 拦截器HandlerInterceptor对象
    3.DispatcherServlert调用 处理适配器HandlerAdapter去执行Handler

    4.HandlerAdapter会根据适配器的结果去执行Handler,Handler执行完成后适配器返回ModelAndViewHandlerAdapter向DispatcherServlert返回ModelAndView.

    5.DispatcherServlet调用 视图解析器ViewResolver进行视图解析,它根据逻辑视图名解析成JSP,ViewResolver向DispatcherServlet返回View.

    6.DiapatcherServlet进行视图渲染
    7.DispatcherServlet向用户返回响应结果

    2.第一个SpringMVC程序

    1.准备jar包(有些包为后续作准备)

    2.项目结构(不要在意项目名和包名,咳咳,注意创建的是web项目)

     

    3.web.xml文件

     1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
     2 <web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="3.1">
     3   <display-name>SpringMVC</display-name>
     4   <!-- 配置前端控制器 -->
     5      <servlet>
     6          <servlet-name>article6</servlet-name>
     7          <!-- 配置SpringMVC前端控制器 -->
     8          <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
     9          <!-- 加载Spring的配置文件 -->
    10          <init-param>
    11              <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
    12              <param-value>classpath:springmvc-servlet.xml</param-value>
    13          </init-param>
    14          
    15      </servlet>
    16      <!-- 由DispatcherServlet拦截前缀为url的路径 -->
    17      <servlet-mapping>
    18          <servlet-name>article6</servlet-name>
    19          <url-pattern>/url/*</url-pattern>    
    20      </servlet-mapping>
    21      
    22 </web-app>
    View Code

    4.springmvc-servlet.xml(地址前缀记得加上url/才能拦截处理)

     1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
     2 <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
     3     xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
     4     xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
     5     xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
     6     xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
     7     xsi:schemaLocation="
     8         http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
     9         http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
    10         http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
    11         http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
    12         http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
    13         http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">
    14         
    15     <!-- 1默认方式   BeanNameUrlHandlerMapping        访问路径为http://localhost:8080/mmm/student.html-->
    16     <!-- <bean id="handlerMapping" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.BeanNameUrlHandlerMapping"></bean> --> 
    17     <!-- <bean id="studentController" name="/student.html" class="com.article6.example1.StudentController"></bean> -->
    18     
    19     <!-- 2使用类名  studentController作为访问路径 第一个字母小写    访问路径为http://localhost:8080/mmm/studentController-->
    20      <!-- <bean id="handlerMapping" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.support.ControllerClassNameHandlerMapping"></bean>
    21      <bean id="studentController" class="com.article6.example1.StudentController"></bean> -->
    22      
    23      <!-- 3 SimpleUrlHandlerMapping 分离URL和bean -->
    24      <bean id="handlerMapping" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.SimpleUrlHandlerMapping">
    25          <property name="mappings">
    26              <props>
    27              <!-- 定义路径  测试3用    访问路径为http://localhost:8080/mmm/student.html-->
    28              <!--  <prop key="/student.html">studentController</prop> -->
    29              
    30              <!-- 多功能控制器     http://localhost:8080/mmm/url/student/addStudent-->
    31                    <prop key="/student/*">studentController1</prop>
    32             </props>
    33          </property>
    34      </bean>
    35      <!-- 测试多功能控制器-->
    36       <bean id="studentController1" class="com.article6.example1.StudentController1"></bean> 
    37       
    38      <!--   测试3用 -->
    39      <!-- <bean id="studentController" class="com.article6.example1.StudentController"></bean> --> 
    40      
    41     <!-- 完成视图的对应 -->
    42     <!-- 对转向页面的路径解析。prefix:前缀, suffix:后缀 -->
    43     <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver" >
    44         <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"/>
    45         <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
    46     </bean>
    47 
    48 </beans>
    View Code

    5.StudentController.java(测试三种映射处理器(对应配置文件中三种方式)         HandlerMapping用于管理URL和controller之间的映射关系)

     1 package com.article6.example1;
     2 
     3 import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
     4 import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
     5 
     6 import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
     7 import org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.Controller;
     8 
     9 public class StudentController implements Controller{
    10 
    11     //默认 把bean的name的属性作URL使用
    12 //    @Override
    13 //    public ModelAndView handleRequest(HttpServletRequest arg0, HttpServletResponse arg1) throws Exception {
    14 //        ModelAndView view=new ModelAndView();
    15 //        view.addObject("msg","第一个SpringMVC程序");//传递的值
    16 //        view.setViewName("/example1/StudentResult");//视图名,最后.xml文件中视图解析器会拼接此地址
    17 //        return view;
    18 //    }
    19     
    20     //类名映射控制器
    21 //    @Override
    22 //    public ModelAndView handleRequest(HttpServletRequest arg0, HttpServletResponse arg1) throws Exception {
    23 //        ModelAndView view=new ModelAndView();
    24 //        view.addObject("msg","类名映射控制器");
    25 //        view.setViewName("/example1/StudentResult");
    26 //        return view;
    27 //    }
    28     
    29     //SimpleUrlHandlerMapping简单的URL映射控制器,可以把URL和bean的映射关系分开
    30     @Override
    31     public ModelAndView handleRequest(HttpServletRequest arg0, HttpServletResponse arg1) throws Exception {
    32         ModelAndView view=new ModelAndView();
    33         view.addObject("msg","SimpleUrlHandlerMapping映射控制器");
    34         view.setViewName("/example1/StudentResult");
    35         return view;
    36     }
    37 }
    View Code

    6.StudentController1.java(多功能控制器  测试类  通过方法名访问       解决针对每一个URL请求编写对应的控制器显得太繁琐 )

     1 package com.article6.example1;
     2 
     3 import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
     4 import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
     5 
     6 import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
     7 import org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.multiaction.MultiActionController;
     8 
     9 /**            多功能控制器
    10  * @author wt
    11  * @data:2018年4月12日 下午7:34:53  
    12  */
    13 public class StudentController1 extends MultiActionController{
    14     
    15     public ModelAndView addStudent(HttpServletRequest arg0, HttpServletResponse arg1){
    16         ModelAndView mav=new ModelAndView();
    17         mav.addObject("msg","addStudent()");
    18         mav.setViewName("/example1/StudentResult");
    19         return mav;
    20     }
    21     public ModelAndView updateStudent(HttpServletRequest arg0, HttpServletResponse arg1){
    22         ModelAndView mav=new ModelAndView();
    23         mav.addObject("msg","updateStudent()");
    24         mav.setViewName("/example1/StudentResult");
    25         return mav;
    26     }
    27     public ModelAndView delStudent(HttpServletRequest arg0, HttpServletResponse arg1){
    28         ModelAndView mav=new ModelAndView();
    29         mav.addObject("msg","delStudent()");
    30         mav.setViewName("/example1/StudentResult");
    31         return mav;
    32     }
    33     public ModelAndView queryStudent(HttpServletRequest arg0, HttpServletResponse arg1){
    34         ModelAndView mav=new ModelAndView();
    35         mav.addObject("msg","queryStudent()");
    36         mav.setViewName("/example1/StudentResult");
    37         return mav;
    38     }
    39 }
    View Code

    多功能控制器的结果

    7.StudentResult.jsp(最终访问的页面,获取msg    因为是通过转发,所以地址栏地址显示第一次访问地址

     1 <%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
     2     pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
     3 <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
     4 <html>
     5 <head>
     6 <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
     7 <title>Insert title here</title>
     8 </head>
     9 <body>
    10 <%=request.getAttribute("msg")%>
    11 </body>
    12 </html>
    View Code

    这里显得很繁琐,最终我们可以使用注解驱动SpringMVC就简单多了。。。下期再做介绍。

  • 相关阅读:
    十天学会php之第一天
    学习PHP的一些经验
    PHP中的数据类型(1)
    PHP中的常量
    赵凡导师并发知识第一次分享观后感
    面向对象之 __setitem__()、__getitem__()、__delitem__() 用法
    spider数据抓取(第二章)
    识别网站所用技术
    scrapy安装要求
    基于bs4的防止xss攻击,过滤script标签
  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/wtzl/p/8810862.html
Copyright © 2020-2023  润新知