• ASP.NET MVC路由配置详解


    命名参数规范+匿名对象

    routes.MapRoute( name: "Default", url: "{controller}/{action}/{id}", defaults: new { controller = "Home", action = "Index", id = UrlParameter.Optional } );
    

      

    构造路由然后添加

    Route myRoute = new Route("{controller}/{action}", new MvcRouteHandler()); routes.Add("MyRoute", myRoute);
    

      

    直接方法重载+匿名对象

    routes.MapRoute("ShopSchema", "Shop/{action}", new { controller = "Home" });

    个人觉得第一种比较易懂,第二种方便调试,第三种写起来比较效率吧。各取所需吧。本文行文偏向于第三种。

    1.默认路由(MVC自带)

    routes.MapRoute( "Default", // 路由名称 "{controller}/{action}/{id}", // 带有参数的 URL new { controller = "Home", action = "Index", id = UrlParameter.Optional } // 参数默认值 (UrlParameter.Optional-可选的意思) );

    2.静态URL段

    routes.MapRoute("ShopSchema2", "Shop/OldAction", new { controller = "Home", action = "Index" }); 
    
    routes.MapRoute("ShopSchema", "Shop/{action}", new { controller = "Home" }); 
    
    routes.MapRoute("ShopSchema2", "Shop/OldAction.js", new { controller = "Home", action = "Index" });
    

      

    没有占位符路由就是现成的写死的。

    比如这样写然后去访问http://localhost:XXX/Shop/OldAction.js,response也是完全没问题的。 controller , action , area这三个保留字就别设静态变量里面了。

    3.自定义常规变量URL段(好吧这翻译暴露智商了)

    routes.MapRoute("MyRoute2", "{controller}/{action}/{id}", new { controller = "Home", action = "Index", id = "DefaultId" });
    

      

    这种情况如果访问 /Home/Index 的话,因为第三段(id)没有值,根据路由规则这个参数会被设为DefaultId

    这个用viewbag给title赋值就能很明显看出

    ViewBag.Title = RouteData.Values["id"];

    图不贴了,结果是标题显示为DefaultId。 注意要在控制器里面赋值,在视图赋值没法编译的。

    4.再述默认路由

    然后再回到默认路由。 UrlParameter.Optional这个叫可选URL段.路由里没有这个参数的话id为null。 照原文大致说法,这个可选URL段能用来实现一个关注点的分离。刚才在路由里直接设定参数默认值其实不是很好。照我的理解,实际参数是用户发来的,我们做的只是定义形式参数名。但是,如果硬要给参数赋默认值的话,建议用语法糖写到action参数里面。比如:

    public ActionResult Index(string id = "abcd") { ViewBag.Title = RouteData.Values["id"]; return View(); }
    

      

    5.可变长度路由。

    routes.MapRoute("MyRoute", "{controller}/{action}/{id}/{*catchall}", new { controller = "Home", action = "Index", id = UrlParameter.Optional });
    

      

    在这里id和最后一段都是可变的,所以 /Home/Index/dabdafdaf 等效于 /Home/Index//abcdefdjldfiaeahfoeiho 等效于 /Home/Index/All/Delete/Perm/.....

    6.跨命名空间路由

    这个提醒一下记得引用命名空间,开启IIS网站不然就是404。这个非常非主流,不建议瞎搞。

    routes.MapRoute("MyRoute", "{controller}/{action}/{id}/{*catchall}", new { controller = "Home", action = "Index", id = UrlParameter.Optional }, new[] { "URLsAndRoutes.AdditionalControllers", "UrlsAndRoutes.Controllers" });
    

      

    但是这样写的话数组排名不分先后的,如果有多个匹配的路由会报错。 然后作者提出了一种改进写法。

    routes.MapRoute("AddContollerRoute", "Home/{action}/{id}/{*catchall}", new { controller = "Home", action = "Index", id = UrlParameter.Optional }, new[] { "URLsAndRoutes.AdditionalControllers" }); 
    
    routes.MapRoute("MyRoute", "{controller}/{action}/{id}/{*catchall}", new { controller = "Home", action = "Index", id = UrlParameter.Optional }, new[] { "URLsAndRoutes.Controllers" });
    

      

    这样第一个URL段不是Home的都交给第二个处理 最后还可以设定这个路由找不到的话就不给后面的路由留后路啦,也就不再往下找啦。

    Route myRoute = routes.MapRoute("AddContollerRoute", "Home/{action}/{id}/{*catchall}", new { controller = "Home", action = "Index", id = UrlParameter.Optional }, new[] { "URLsAndRoutes.AdditionalControllers" }); 
    
    myRoute.DataTokens["UseNamespaceFallback"] = false;
    

      

    7.正则表达式匹配路由

    routes.MapRoute("MyRoute", "{controller}/{action}/{id}/{*catchall}",
     new { controller = "Home", action = "Index", id = UrlParameter.Optional },
     new { controller = "^H.*"}, 
    new[] { "URLsAndRoutes.Controllers"});
    

      

    约束多个URL

    routes.MapRoute("MyRoute", "{controller}/{action}/{id}/{*catchall}",
    new { controller = "Home", action = "Index", id = UrlParameter.Optional }, 
    new { controller = "^H.*", action = "^Index$|^About$"}, 
    new[] { "URLsAndRoutes.Controllers"});
    

      

    8.指定请求方法

    routes.MapRoute("MyRoute", "{controller}/{action}/{id}/{*catchall}",
    
    new { controller = "Home", action = "Index", id = UrlParameter.Optional }, 
    
    new { controller = "^H.*", action = "Index|About", httpMethod = new HttpMethodConstraint("GET") }, 
    
    new[] { "URLsAndRoutes.Controllers" });
    

      

    9.最后还是不爽的话自己写个类实现 IRouteConstraint的匹配方法。

    using System;
      using System.Collections.Generic;
      using System.Linq;
      using System.Web;
      using System.Web.Routing;
      /// <summary>
      /// If the standard constraints are not sufficient for your needs, you can define your own custom constraints by implementing the IRouteConstraint interface. 
      /// </summary>
      public class UserAgentConstraint : IRouteConstraint
      {
    
        private string requiredUserAgent;
        public UserAgentConstraint(string agentParam)
        {
          requiredUserAgent = agentParam;
        }
        public bool Match(HttpContextBase httpContext, Route route, string parameterName,
        RouteValueDictionary values, RouteDirection routeDirection)
        {
          return httpContext.Request.UserAgent != null &&
          httpContext.Request.UserAgent.Contains(requiredUserAgent);
        }
      }
    routes.MapRoute("ChromeRoute", "{*catchall}", 
    
    new { controller = "Home", action = "Index" }, 
    
    new { customConstraint = new UserAgentConstraint("Chrome") }, 
    
    new[] { "UrlsAndRoutes.AdditionalControllers" });
    

      

    比如这个就用来匹配是否是用谷歌浏览器访问网页的。

    10.访问本地文档

    routes.RouteExistingFiles = true; 
    
    routes.MapRoute("DiskFile", "Content/StaticContent.html", new { controller = "Customer", action = "List", });
    

      

    浏览网站,以开启 IIS Express,然后点显示所有应用程序-点击网站名称-配置(applicationhost.config)-搜索UrlRoutingModule节点

    <add name="UrlRoutingModule-4.0" type="System.Web.Routing.UrlRoutingModule" preCondition="managedHandler,runtimeVersionv4.0" />
    

      

    把这个节点里的preCondition删除,变成

    <add name="UrlRoutingModule-4.0" type="System.Web.Routing.UrlRoutingModule" preCondition="" />
    

      

    11.直接访问本地资源,绕过了路由系统

    routes.IgnoreRoute("Content/{filename}.html");
    

      

    文件名还可以用 {filename}占位符。

    IgnoreRoute方法是RouteCollection里面StopRoutingHandler类的一个实例。路由系统通过硬-编码识别这个Handler。如果这个规则匹配的话,后面的规则都无效了。 这也就是默认的路由里面routes.IgnoreRoute("{resource}.axd/{*pathInfo}");写最前面的原因。

     

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/wolfocme110/p/5360304.html
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