• c# webapi 在swagger里添加全局过滤器


    Swagger原理

      Swagger就是利用反射技术遍历所有Api接口,并且从xml文件中读取注释,在利用Swagger内置的模板组合html显示至客户端实现接口可视化,并且可调用。

    在WEB Api中,引入了面向切面编程(AOP)的思想,在某些特定的位置可以插入特定的Filter进行过程拦截处理。引入了这一机制可以更好地践行DRY(Don’t Repeat Yourself)思想,通过Filter能统一地对一些通用逻辑进行处理,如:权限校验、参数加解密、参数校验等方面我们都可以利用这一特性进行统一处理,今天我们来介绍Filter的开发、使用以及讨论他们的执行顺序。

    Filter的开发和调用

    在默认的WebApi中,框架提供了三种Filter,他们的功能和运行条件如下表所示:

    Filter 类型实现的接口描述
    Authorization IAuthorizationFilter 最先运行的Filter,被用作请求权限校验
    Action IActionFilter 在Action运行的前、后运行
    Exception IExceptionFilter 当异常发生的时候运行

    添加注册全局Filter的方法

    1.创建一个ApiAuthorizationFilterAttribute.cs和ApiExceptionFilterAttribute.cs两个文件:

    ApiAuthorizationFilterAttribute.cs文件如下:

        public class ApiAuthorizationFilterAttribute : AuthorizationFilterAttribute
        {
            public override void OnAuthorization(HttpActionContext actionContext)
            {
    
                //如果用户方位的Action带有AllowAnonymousAttribute,则不进行授权验证
                if (actionContext.ActionDescriptor.GetCustomAttributes<AllowAnonymousAttribute>().Any())
                {
                    return;
                }
    
                var authorization = actionContext.Request.Headers.Authorization;
    
                if (authorization == null || authorization.Scheme != "Bearer")
                {
                    actionContext.Response = actionContext.Request.CreateResponse(HttpStatusCode.Unauthorized, new { status = "failed", message = "token不正确!!!" });
                }
                else
                {
                    string username;
    
                    var token = authorization.Parameter;
              //以下就是验证token的方法,可以自己写方法进行验证啦
                    if (!ValidateToken(token, out username))
                    {
                        actionContext.Response = actionContext.Request.CreateResponse(HttpStatusCode.Unauthorized, new { status = "failed", message = "token不正确!!!" });
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    

      ApiExceptionFilterAttribute.cs如下:

        /// <summary>
        /// 捕捉异常
        /// </summary>
        public class ApiExceptionFilterAttribute : ExceptionFilterAttribute
        {
            /// <summary>
            /// 重写基类的异常处理方法
            /// </summary>
            /// <param name="context"></param>
            public override void OnException(HttpActionExecutedContext context)
            {
                //context.Exception.StackTrace
                //1.异常日志记录
                LogHelper.Error(context.Exception.ToString());
    
                //2.返回调用方具体的异常信息
                if (context.Exception is NotImplementedException)
                {
                    context.Response = new HttpResponseMessage(HttpStatusCode.NotImplemented);
                }
                else if (context.Exception is TimeoutException)
                {
                    context.Response = new HttpResponseMessage(HttpStatusCode.RequestTimeout);
                }
                else
                {
                    //这里可以根据项目需要返回到客户端特定的状态码。如果找不到相应的异常,统一返回服务端错误500
                    context.Response = new HttpResponseMessage(HttpStatusCode.InternalServerError);
                }
    
                base.OnException(context);
    
            }
    
            private JsonMediaTypeFormatter _JsonFormatter;
            private JsonMediaTypeFormatter JsonFormatter
            {
                get
                {
                    if (_JsonFormatter == null)
                    {
                        _JsonFormatter = new JsonMediaTypeFormatter();
                        _JsonFormatter.SerializerSettings.ContractResolver = new CamelCasePropertyNamesContractResolver();
                    }
                    return _JsonFormatter;
                }
            }
        }
    

    2.在WebApiConfig.cs文件中添加”注册全局Filter“的那两行

        public static class WebApiConfig
        {
            public static void Register(HttpConfiguration config)
            {
                // Web API 配置和服务
    
                // Web API 路由
                config.MapHttpAttributeRoutes();
    
                //注册全局Filter
                config.Filters.Add(new ApiAuthorizationFilterAttribute());
                config.Filters.Add(new ApiExceptionFilterAttribute());
    
                config.Routes.MapHttpRoute(
                    name: "DefaultApi",
                    routeTemplate: "api/{controller}/{id}",
                    defaults: new { id = RouteParameter.Optional }
                );
    
                log4net.Config.XmlConfigurator.Configure();
    
            }
        }
    

    3.进行swagger的相关配置,新建一个HttpHeaderFilter.cs文件:

        public class HttpHeaderFilter : IOperationFilter
        {
            public void Apply(Operation operation, SchemaRegistry schemaRegistry, ApiDescription apiDescription)
            {
                if (operation.parameters == null)
                {
                    operation.parameters = new List<Parameter>();
                }
    
                var filterPipeline = apiDescription.ActionDescriptor.GetFilterPipeline(); //判断是否添加权限过滤器
                var isAuthorized = filterPipeline.Select(filterInfo => filterInfo.Instance).Any(filter => filter is ApiAuthorizationFilterAttribute); //判断是否需要经过验证 
                var allowAnonymous = apiDescription.ActionDescriptor.GetCustomAttributes<AllowAnonymousAttribute>().Any();//判断是否否允许匿名方法
                if (isAuthorized && !allowAnonymous)
                {
                    operation.parameters.Add(new Parameter { name = "Authorization", @in = "header", description = "Token", required = false, type = "string" });
                }
            }
        }
    

    4.在文件SwaggerConfig.cs文件中找到Register方法,GlobalConfiguration.Configuration.EnableSwagger中添加:

    c.OperationFilter<HttpHeaderFilter>();
    

      大功告成,如下图:

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/wolfocme110/p/12195380.html
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