• (c语言)二叉树中序线索(数据结构十七)


    1.数据类型定义

    在代码中为了清楚的表示一些错误和函数运行状态,我们预先定义一些变量来表示这些状态。在head.h头文件中有如下定义:

    //定义数据结构中要用到的一些变量和类型
    #ifndef HEAD_H
    #define HEAD_H
    
    #include <stdio.h>
    #include <malloc.h>
    #include <stdlib.h>
    #include <math.h>
    
    #define TRUE  1
    #define FALSE 0
    #define OK    1
    #define ERROR  0
    #define INFEASIBLE -1
    #define OVERFLOW   -2    //分配内存出错
    
    typedef int  Status;     //函数返回值类型
    typedef int  ElemType;   //用户定义的数据类型
    
    #endif
    2.树的头文件 BiTree.h代码如下:

    #ifndef BITREE_H
    #define BITREE_H
    
    #include "head.h"
    
    
    //Link为指针 Thread为线索
    typedef enum PointerTag {Link,Thread};
    
    
    typedef struct BiNode{
    	ElemType data;
    	struct BiNode *left,*right;
    	int LTag,RTag;       //左右标志
    }BiNode,*pBiNode;
    
    
    Status InsertRight(pBiNode &root,ElemType e);
    Status InsertLeft(pBiNode &root,ElemType e);
    
    
    Status InitBiTree(pBiNode &tree){
    	tree=(pBiNode)malloc(sizeof(BiNode));
    	if(!tree) return OVERFLOW;
    	tree->data=-999999;
    	tree->left=NULL;
    	tree->right=NULL;
    	return OK;
    }
    Status BiTreeEmpty(pBiNode root){
    	if(root==NULL) return ERROR;
    	return root->left==root->right && root->data==-999999;
    }
    
    Status HasNoNode(pBiNode root){
    	if(root==NULL) return ERROR;
    	return root->left==root->right ;
    }
    
    Status CreatTreeNode(pBiNode &node,ElemType e){
    	node=(pBiNode)malloc(sizeof(BiNode));
    	if(!node) return OVERFLOW;
    	node->data=e;
    	node->left=NULL;
    	node->right=NULL;
    	return OK;
    }
    Status InsertRight(pBiNode &root,ElemType e){
    	if(root->right==NULL){
    		if(e>root->data){
    			pBiNode p;
    			CreatTreeNode(p,e);
    			root->right=p;
    			return OK;
    		}else{
    			pBiNode p;
    			CreatTreeNode(p,e);
    			root->left=p;
    			return OK;
    		}
    
    	}else{
    		e>root->data? InsertRight(root->right,e):InsertLeft(root,e);
    	}
    
    }
    Status InsertLeft(pBiNode &root,ElemType e){
    	if(root->left==NULL){
    		if(e>root->data){
    			pBiNode p;
    			CreatTreeNode(p,e);
    			root->right=p;
    			return OK;
    		}else{
    			pBiNode p;
    			CreatTreeNode(p,e);
    			root->left=p;
    			return OK;
    		}
    
    	}else{
    		e<=root->data?InsertLeft(root->left,e):InsertRight(root,e);
    	}
    
    }
    
    
    Status InsertTree(pBiNode &root,ElemType e){
    	if(BiTreeEmpty(root)){
    		root->data=e;
    		return true;
    	}
    	if(e>root->data){
    		InsertRight(root,e);
    	}else{
    		InsertLeft(root,e);
    	}
    }
    
    
    Status CreateBiTree(pBiNode &root,ElemType *a,int n){
    	for (int i=0;i<n;i++)
    	{
    		InsertTree(root,a[i]);
    	}
    	return true;
    }
     Status print(ElemType e ){
     	printf("%d ",e);
     	return true;
     }
    
    Status PreOrderTraverse(pBiNode root,Status(*p)(int)){
    	if(root){
    		(*p)(root->data);
    		PreOrderTraverse(root->left,p);
    		PreOrderTraverse(root->right,p);
    	}
    	return OK;
    }
    
    Status MiddleOrderTraverse(pBiNode root,Status(*p)(int)){
    	if(root){
    		MiddleOrderTraverse(root->left,p);
    		(*p)(root->data);
    		MiddleOrderTraverse(root->right,p);
    	}
    	return OK;
    }
    
    Status AfterOrderTraverse(pBiNode root,Status(*p)(int)){
    	if(root){
    		AfterOrderTraverse(root->left,p);
    		AfterOrderTraverse(root->right,p);
    		(*p)(root->data);
    	}
    	return OK;
    }
    
    Status ClearBiTree(pBiNode &root){
    	if(root){
    		ClearBiTree(root->left);
    		ClearBiTree(root->right);
    		free(root);
    		root==NULL;
    	}
    	return OK;
    }
    
    
    #endif

    3.线索二叉树代码

    #include "BiTree.h"
    
    //中序线索
    void InOrder( pBiNode root,pBiNode &pre){
    	if (root!=NULL)
    	{
    		InOrder(root->left,pre);
    		if (root->left==NULL)
    		{
    			root->left=pre;
    			root->LTag=1;
    		}
    		if (pre!=NULL && pre->right==NULL)
    		{
    			pre->right=root;
    			pre->RTag=1;
    		}
    		pre=root;
    		InOrder(root->right,pre);
    	}
    }
    //线索
    void CreateInOrder(pBiNode& root){
    	pBiNode pre=NULL;
    	if(root!=NULL){
    		InOrder(root,pre);
    		pre->right=NULL;
    		pre->RTag=1;
    	}
    }
    
    //获取头指针
    pBiNode FirstNode(pBiNode root){
    	while (root->LTag!=1)
    	{
    		root=root->left;
    	}
    	return root;
    }
    //获取下一个节点
    pBiNode NextNode(pBiNode root){
    	if (root->RTag!=1)
    	{
    		return FirstNode(root->right);
    	}else{
    		return root->right;
    	}
    }
    //遍历线索
    void InOrder(pBiNode root){
    	for (pBiNode p=FirstNode(root);p!=NULL;p=NextNode(p))
    	{
    		printf("%d ",p->data);
    	}
    }
    
    
    
    void main(){
    	ElemType a[14]={100,50,200,40,30,45,60,55,61,200,150,300,250,400};
    	pBiNode root;
    	InitBiTree(root);
    	CreateBiTree(root,a,14);
    	
    	printf("前序:");
    	PreOrderTraverse(root,print);
    	
    	printf("
    中序:");
    	MiddleOrderTraverse(root,print);
    	
    	printf("
    后序:");
    	AfterOrderTraverse(root,print);
    	
    	CreateInOrder(root);
    	
    	printf("
    线索二叉树中序:");
    	InOrder(root);
    
    
    	printf("
    ");
    	ClearBiTree(root);
    	
    }
    
    
    
    
    
    4.测试结果

    前序:100 50 40 30 45 60 55 61 200 150 300 250 400
    中序:30 40 45 50 55 60 61 100 150 200 250 300 400
    后序:30 45 40 55 61 60 50 150 250 400 300 200 100
    线索二叉树中序:30 40 45 50 55 60 61 100 150 200 250 300 400
    
    



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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/whzhaochao/p/5023492.html
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