• leecode刷题(9)-- 有效的数独


    leecode刷题(9)-- 有效的数独

    有效的数独

    描述:

    判断一个 9x9 的数独是否有效。只需要根据以下规则,验证已经填入的数字是否有效即可。

    1. 数字 1-9 在每一行只能出现一次。
    2. 数字 1-9 在每一列只能出现一次。
    3. 数字 1-9 在每一个以粗实线分隔的 3x3 宫内只能出现一次。

    上图是一个部分填充的有效的数独。

    数独部分空格内已填入了数字,空白格用 '.' 表示。

    示例 1:

    输入:
    [
      ["5","3",".",".","7",".",".",".","."],
      ["6",".",".","1","9","5",".",".","."],
      [".","9","8",".",".",".",".","6","."],
      ["8",".",".",".","6",".",".",".","3"],
      ["4",".",".","8",".","3",".",".","1"],
      ["7",".",".",".","2",".",".",".","6"],
      [".","6",".",".",".",".","2","8","."],
      [".",".",".","4","1","9",".",".","5"],
      [".",".",".",".","8",".",".","7","9"]
    ]
    输出: true
    

    示例 2:

    输入:
    [
      ["8","3",".",".","7",".",".",".","."],
      ["6",".",".","1","9","5",".",".","."],
      [".","9","8",".",".",".",".","6","."],
      ["8",".",".",".","6",".",".",".","3"],
      ["4",".",".","8",".","3",".",".","1"],
      ["7",".",".",".","2",".",".",".","6"],
      [".","6",".",".",".",".","2","8","."],
      [".",".",".","4","1","9",".",".","5"],
      [".",".",".",".","8",".",".","7","9"]
    ]
    输出: false
    解释: 除了第一行的第一个数字从 5 改为 8 以外,空格内其他数字均与 示例1 相同。
         但由于位于左上角的 3x3 宫内有两个 8 存在, 因此这个数独是无效的。
    

    说明:

    • 一个有效的数独(部分已被填充)不一定是可解的。
    • 只需要根据以上规则,验证已经填入的数字是否有效即可。
    • 给定数独序列只包含数字 1-9 和字符 '.'
    • 给定数独永远是 9x9 形式的。

    思路:

    这道题,其实我真的不会。。。虽然知道是依次检查行、检查列、检查 9 个 3 X 3 的小九宫格是否出现重复元素,如果出现返回 false,否则返回 true。但我不知道怎么写,特别是关于判断小九宫格中每个格点坐标的值,不知道应该如何去编写代码,我笨(敲自己两下)。所以在网上查找了一下关于这道问题各位大神的解,其实自己看的并不是很懂,这里在此记录一下,希望自己以后能力提高后能独立写出来,加油!

    代码如下:

    public boolean isValidSudoku(char[][] board) {
            for (int i = 0; i < 9; i++) {
    			HashSet<Character> row = new HashSet<>();
    			HashSet<Character> column = new HashSet<>();
    			HashSet<Character> cube = new HashSet<>();
    			for (int j = 0; j < 9; j++) {
    				// 检查第i行,在横坐标位置
    				if (board[i][j] != '.' && !row.add(board[i][j]))
    					return false;
    				// 检查第i列,在纵坐标位置
    				if (board[j][i] != '.' && !column.add(board[j][i]))
    					return false;
    				// 行号+偏移量
    				int RowIndex = 3 * (i / 3) + j / 3;
    				// 列号+偏移量
    				int ColIndex = 3 * (i % 3) + j % 3;
    				//每个小九宫格,总共9个
    				if (board[RowIndex][ColIndex] != '.' 
    						&& !cube.add(board[RowIndex][ColIndex]))
    					return false;
    			}
    		}
    		return true;
        }
    

    第 i 个九宫格的第 j 个格点的行号可表示为 i/3*3+j/3

    第 i 个九宫格的第 j 个格点的列号可表示为 i%3*3+j%3

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/weixuqin/p/10215952.html
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