• WCF心跳判断服务端及客户端是否掉线并实现重连接


    本篇文章将通过一个实例实现对WCF中针对服务端以及客户端是否掉线进行判断;若掉线时服务器或客户端又在线时将实现自动重连;将通过WCF的双工知识以及相应的心跳包来实现此功能;

    首先了解一下本实例的一个分层架构图;相信了解WCF对这个分层法肯定都很了解;其中Client为客户端,Interface为契约层,Service则是实现契约的服务层;

    接下来我们将对各层进行一个简单的讲解;方便大家理解实例的实现方式;

    首先我们了解契约层Interface;因为我们利用WCF中的双工知识,所以此处我们定义的两个接口,其中ICallback为回调接口;IPushMessage上面定义的回调;我们发现回调接口上并没有定义ServiceContract; 其实是WCF当一个接口被定义成回调接口时已经默认了;

    复制代码
    using System.ServiceModel;
    namespace Interface
    {
        [ServiceContract(SessionMode=SessionMode.Required,CallbackContract=typeof(ICallback))]
        public interface IPushMessage
        {
            [OperationContract(IsOneWay = true)]
            void Login(string UID);
    
            [OperationContract(IsOneWay = true)]
            void Update(string UID);
    
            [OperationContract(IsOneWay = true)]
            void Leave(string UID);
        }
    }
    复制代码
    复制代码
    using System.ServiceModel;
    namespace Interface
    {
        public interface ICallback
        {
            [OperationContract(IsOneWay = true)]
            void ShowMessage(string msg);
        }
    }
    复制代码


    接着我们了解一下实现契约的服务层Service;此处包括实现接口IPushMessage的服务内容,还定义一个类WcfCleint;在PushMessageServer服务内里我们定义的一个静态成员Dictionary<string,WcfCleint>用于记录我们客户端上下线的操作;定义的一个lockObje用来锁定每个操作,在最后我们还定义的一个定时器用来判断客户端用户是否脱机了;其中方法Update()我们就实现的双工中的回调;

    复制代码
    using System.ServiceModel;
    using Interface;
    namespace Service
    {
        public class PushMessageServer:IPushMessage
        {
            static Dictionary<string, WcfCleint> dit_callback = new Dictionary<string, WcfCleint>();
    
            private static Object lockObje = new Object();
    
            public void Login(string UID)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("用户:" + UID + "上线");
                lock (lockObje)
                {
                    dit_callback.Add(UID, new WcfCleint(OperationContext.Current.GetCallbackChannel<ICallback>(), DateTime.Now));
                }
            }
    
            public void Update(string UID)
            {
                ICallback callback = OperationContext.Current.GetCallbackChannel<ICallback>();
                Console.WriteLine("用户:" + UID + "心跳更新!");
                lock (lockObje)
                {
                    if (dit_callback.ContainsKey(UID))
                    {
                        dit_callback.Remove(UID);
                    }
                    dit_callback.Add(UID, new WcfCleint(OperationContext.Current.GetCallbackChannel<ICallback>(), DateTime.Now));
                    callback.ShowMessage(UID);
                }
            }
    
            public void Leave(string UID)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("用户:" + UID + "退出!");
                lock (lockObje)
                {
                    dit_callback.Remove(UID);
                }
            }
    
            static System.Timers.Timer timer1;
            public static void StartListenClients()
            {
                timer1 = new System.Timers.Timer();
                timer1.Interval = 500;
                timer1.Elapsed += new System.Timers.ElapsedEventHandler(time_EventArgs);
                timer1.Start();
            }
    
            static void time_EventArgs(object sender, System.Timers.ElapsedEventArgs e)
            {
                lock (lockObje)
                {
                    foreach (string key in new List<string>(dit_callback.Keys))
                    {
                        if (dit_callback[key].NowdateTime.AddSeconds(5) < DateTime.Now)
                        {
                            dit_callback.Remove(key);
                            Console.WriteLine("脱机用户" + key);
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }
    复制代码


    接着我们简单看一下WcfCleint的代码:

    复制代码
    using Interface;
    using System.ServiceModel;
    namespace Service
    {
        public class WcfCleint
        {
            public DateTime NowdateTime { get; set; }
            public ICallback callbackHandler { get; set; }
    
            public WcfCleint(ICallback callback, DateTime nowTime)
            {
                this.callbackHandler = callback;
                this.NowdateTime = nowTime;
            }
        }
    }
    复制代码


    服务端的配置文件信息,此处我们采用net.tcp方式:

    复制代码
    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
    <configuration>
      <system.serviceModel>
        <behaviors>
          <serviceBehaviors>
            <behavior name="exposeExceptionDetail">
              <serviceDebug includeExceptionDetailInFaults="true"/>
            </behavior>
          </serviceBehaviors>
        </behaviors>
        <services>
          <service name="Service.PushMessageServer"
                   behaviorConfiguration="exposeExceptionDetail">
            <endpoint address="net.tcp://127.0.0.1:3721/PushMessageServer"
                      binding="netTcpBinding"
                      contract="Interface.IPushMessage"/>
          </service>
        </services>
      </system.serviceModel>
    </configuration>
    复制代码


    服务端的运行入口代码,通过一个线程不断的运行:

    复制代码
    using System.Threading;
    using System.ServiceModel.Description;
    namespace Service
    {
        class Program
        {
            static void Main(string[] args)
            {
                using (ServiceHost host = new ServiceHost(typeof(PushMessageServer)))
                {
                    host.Open();
                    Console.WriteLine("WCF心跳包实现开始监听");
                    PushMessageServer.StartListenClients();
                    int i = 0;
                    while (true)
                    {
                        System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(2000);
                        i++;
                    }
                    Console.Read();
                    host.Abort();
                    host.Close();
                }
            }
        }
    }
    复制代码


    接着了解客户端层的情况;首先是一个实现的回调接口的内容类;

    复制代码
    using Interface;
    namespace Client
    {
        public class CallServer:ICallback
        {
            public void ShowMessage(string msg)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("服务器正在工作中;" + msg);
            }
        }
    }
    复制代码

    客户端的配置信息如下:

    复制代码
    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
    <configuration>
      <system.serviceModel>
        <client>
          <endpoint name="pushmessageserver"
                    address="net.tcp://127.0.0.1:3721/PushMessageServer"
                    binding="netTcpBinding"
                    contract="Interface.IPushMessage"/>
        </client>
      </system.serviceModel>
    </configuration>
    复制代码

    客户端的运行入口代码如下,它会判断服务器是否掉线,若掉线会试着重连:

    复制代码
    using System.ServiceModel;
    using Interface;
    using System.ServiceModel.Channels;
    using System.Threading;
    namespace Client
    {
        class Program
        {
            static void Main(string[] args)
            {
                InstanceContext callback = new InstanceContext(new CallServer());
                using (DuplexChannelFactory<IPushMessage> channelFactory = new DuplexChannelFactory<IPushMessage>(callback, "pushmessageserver"))
                {
                    IPushMessage proxy = channelFactory.CreateChannel();
                    using (proxy as IDisposable)
                    {
                        string UID = "踏浪帅";
                        proxy.Login(UID);
    
                        while (true)
                        {
                            Thread.Sleep(3000);
                            try
                            {
                                proxy.Update(UID);
                            }
                            catch
                            {
                                try
                                {
                                    Console.WriteLine("正在重连");
                                    proxy = channelFactory.CreateChannel();
                                    proxy.Login(UID);
                                }
                                catch
                                {
                                    Console.WriteLine("重连异常");
                                }
                            }
                        }
                    }
                }
                Console.Read();
            }
        }
    }
    复制代码


     

    代码的内容就如上,接着我们简单看一下运行的效果:

    1:首先运行服务端,让其处于监听

    2:接着运行客户端,客户端会显示服务器正在工作中以及当前的账号

    3:当客户端上线后,服务端就发现客户端用户,并显示出来,不停的进行判断

    4:当我们把服务端停掉以后,此时服务是不工作的,我们可以看到客户端就会不停的尝试着重连服务端;

    5:当我们重新把服务端打开以后,服务端会自运发现正在运行的客户端信息;

    6:上面我们重新打开服务端,我们可以在客户端发现它重连接服务端成功并显示如下:

    7:接着我们将把客户端关闭;我们会在服务端发现它提示客户端的用户脱机了;

    8:此时服务端还是不停的监听中,我们再把客户端打开,服务端将会接着显示用户;

    实例为本人学习WCF知识所写,其中可能存在不足或错误,欢迎大家指正;若是本文对你有帮助别忘记点右下角帮忙推荐,毕竟有大家的支持才是我们写作的动力;

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/wei2yi/p/3248333.html
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