WCF置于Mono下遇到的一些问题

　　之前同事将Remoting服务程序置于Mono下调用成功，这两天我尝试将WCF寄宿程序移植到Mono中，遇到些问题，跟大家分享下！

　　参考资料：

　　移植Windows自宿主WCF服务到Linux/Mono2.8

 

     完成WPF及寄宿程序的编写（在这就不详细描述了），直接运行：

　　

　　在IE中输入baseAddress地址，能够正常访问，使用MoMA（MoMA Download）检测该程序也顺利通过，原本以为这样直接放到Mono中运行就可以了，不料还是遇到不少麻烦。：

　　　　

　

　　首先一上来就直接在linux下使用Mono（Mono Download）启动服务程序，却被告知：

　　

 

　　我在我Window平台下尝试使用的Mono启动该程序，也得到同样的信息。

　　经过一番搜索和尝试，确定是Mono版本导致的问题，最初在下载页面习惯性的就下载了——Long-term Supported Version: 2.6.7 (Release Notes)，其实Mono好像是从Version2.8~才开始支持.Net 4的，所以下载——Latest Stable Version: 2.10.2 (Release Notes)安装后问题解决。

　　

　　虽然同事强调说那台Linux上是取的最新版本的源码编译的，但是因为只能看到编译的版本号，不知道其对应的Release版本到底是多少，我想应该也是同样的问题。

 

　　但是从IE浏览服务时又出现了问题，得到的错误信息如下：

  <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?> 
- <Fault xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/ws/2005/05/envelope/none">
- <Code>
  <Value xmlns:a="http://schemas.microsoft.com/ws/2005/05/addressing/none">a:InternalServiceFault</Value> 
  </Code>
- <Reason>
  <Text xml:lang="en-US">The server was unable to process the request due to an internal error. The server may be able to return exception details (it depends on the server settings).</Text> 
  </Reason>
  </Fault>

　　光这么看也看不出个所以然来，我们通过设置IncludeExceptionDetailInFaults来查看进一步的错误信息。

　　可以在配置文件中添加以下信息来打开这一开关

    <behaviors>
      <serviceBehaviors>
        <behavior>
          <serviceMetadata httpGetEnabled="True"/>
          <serviceDebug includeExceptionDetailInFaults="True"/>
        </behavior>
      </serviceBehaviors>
    </behaviors>

　　也可以通过在服务类上添加熟悉标记来设置开关

    [ServiceBehavior(IncludeExceptionDetailInFaults = true)]
    public class ModelService : IModelService
    {
    }

　　

　　再次执行之前的操作，可以的到如下信息：

  <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?> 
- <Fault xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/ws/2005/05/envelope/none">
- <Code>
  <Value xmlns:a="http://schemas.microsoft.com/ws/2005/05/addressing/none">a:InternalServiceFault</Value> 
  </Code>
- <Reason>
  <Text xml:lang="en-US">XmlSchema error: Named item http://schemas.microsoft.com/2003/10/Serialization/:anyType was already contained in the schema object table. Consider setting MONO_STRICT_MS_COMPLIANT to 'yes' to mimic MS implementation. Related schema item SourceUri: , Line 3, Position 3.</Text> 
  </Reason>
- <Detail>
- <ExceptionDetail xmlns:i="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://schemas.datacontract.org/2004/07/System.ServiceModel">
  <HelpLink i:nil="true" /> 
  <InnerException i:nil="true" /> 
  <Message>XmlSchema error: Named item http://schemas.microsoft.com/2003/10/Serialization/:anyType was already contained in the schema object table. Consider setting MONO_STRICT_MS_COMPLIANT to 'yes' to mimic MS implementation. Related schema item SourceUri: , Line 3, Position 3.</Message> 
  <StackTrace>at System.Xml.Schema.ValidationHandler.RaiseValidationEvent (System.Xml.Schema.ValidationEventHandler handle, System.Exception innerException, System.String message, System.Xml.Schema.XmlSchemaObject xsobj, System.Object sender, System.String sourceUri, XmlSeverityType severity) [0x00000] in <filename unknown>:0 at System.Xml.Schema.XmlSchemaObject.error (System.Xml.Schema.ValidationEventHandler handle, System.String message, System.Exception innerException, System.Xml.Schema.XmlSchemaObject xsobj, System.Object sender) [0x00000] in <filename unknown>:0 at System.Xml.Schema.XmlSchemaObject.error (System.Xml.Schema.ValidationEventHandler handle, System.String message) [0x00000] in <filename unknown>:0 at System.Xml.Schema.XmlSchemaUtil.AddToTable (System.Xml.Schema.XmlSchemaObjectTable table, System.Xml.Schema.XmlSchemaObject obj, System.Xml.XmlQualifiedName qname, System.Xml.Schema.ValidationEventHandler h) [0x00000] in <filename unknown>:0 at System.Xml.Schema.XmlSchema.DoCompile (System.Xml.Schema.ValidationEventHandler handler, System.Collections.Hashtable handledUris, System.Xml.Schema.XmlSchemaSet col, System.Xml.XmlResolver resolver) [0x00000] in <filename unknown>:0 at System.Xml.Schema.XmlSchema.CompileSubset (System.Xml.Schema.ValidationEventHandler handler, System.Xml.Schema.XmlSchemaSet col, System.Xml.XmlResolver resolver, System.Collections.Hashtable handledUris) [0x00000] in <filename unknown>:0 at System.Xml.Schema.XmlSchema.CompileSubset (System.Xml.Schema.ValidationEventHandler handler, System.Xml.Schema.XmlSchemaSet col, System.Xml.XmlResolver resolver) [0x00000] in <filename unknown>:0 at System.Xml.Schema.XmlSchemaSet.Reprocess (System.Xml.Schema.XmlSchema schema) [0x00000] in <filename unknown>:0 at System.Runtime.Serialization.XsdDataContractExporter.Export (System.Type type) [0x00000] in <filename unknown>:0 at System.ServiceModel.Description.WsdlExporter.GetSchemaElementForPart (System.ServiceModel.Description.MessagePartDescription part, System.Xml.Schema.XmlSchema schema) [0x00000] in <filename unknown>:0 at System.ServiceModel.Description.WsdlExporter.ExportParameters (System.ServiceModel.Description.MessageBodyDescription msgbody, System.String name, System.String ns) [0x00000] in <filename unknown>:0 at System.ServiceModel.Description.WsdlExporter.ExportMessageBodyDescription (System.ServiceModel.Description.MessageBodyDescription msgbody, System.String name, System.String ns) [0x00000] in <filename unknown>:0 at System.ServiceModel.Description.WsdlExporter.ExportContractInternal (System.ServiceModel.Description.ContractDescription contract, Boolean rejectDuplicate) [0x00000] in <filename unknown>:0 at System.ServiceModel.Description.WsdlExporter.ExportEndpoint (System.ServiceModel.Description.ServiceEndpoint endpoint, Boolean rejectDuplicate) [0x00000] in <filename unknown>:0 at System.ServiceModel.Description.WsdlExporter.ExportEndpoints (IEnumerable`1 endpoints, System.Xml.XmlQualifiedName name) [0x00000] in <filename unknown>:0 at System.ServiceModel.Description.ServiceMetadataExtension.get_Metadata () [0x00000] in <filename unknown>:0 at System.ServiceModel.Description.HttpGetWsdl.GetMetadata () [0x00000] in <filename unknown>:0 at System.ServiceModel.Description.HttpGetWsdl.EnsureMetadata () [0x00000] in <filename unknown>:0 at System.ServiceModel.Description.HttpGetWsdl.Get (System.ServiceModel.Channels.Message req) [0x00000] in <filename unknown>:0 at (wrapper managed-to-native) System.Reflection.MonoMethod:InternalInvoke (System.Reflection.MonoMethod,object,object[],System.Exception&) at System.Reflection.MonoMethod.Invoke (System.Object obj, BindingFlags invokeAttr, System.Reflection.Binder binder, System.Object[] parameters, System.Globalization.CultureInfo culture) [0x00000] in <filename unknown>:0</StackTrace> 
  <Type>System.Xml.Schema.XmlSchemaException</Type> 
  </ExceptionDetail>
  </Detail>
  </Fault>

　　我在“anyType was already contained in the schema object table. Consider setting MONO_STRICT_MS_COMPLIANT to 'yes' to mimic MS implementation. Related schema item SourceUri”这句话上纠缠了很久，试图在网上找到相应的信息，但收获不大，一直弄不明白“MONO_STRICT_MS_COMPLIANT ”是个什么东东，需要怎么处理，应该在什么地方去设置？

　　甚至尝试用MonoDevelop（MonoDevelop  Download）来编译项目也解决不了问题（不过也好，对MonoDevelop也有了一些了解）。

　　随后索性死马当活马医了，因为看到XmlSchemaUtil.cs有这样一句代码：

internal static readonly bool StrictMsCompliant = Environment.GetEnvironmentVariable ("MONO_STRICT_MS_COMPLIANT") == "yes";

　　就尝试在自己的代码中使用类似的方法，通过判断发现得到的“MONO_STRICT_MS_COMPLIANT”的值的确不为Yes。同时发现Environment不仅有Get方法也有对应的Set方法，试着做了如下处理：

　　　　　　 if (Environment.GetEnvironmentVariable("MONO_STRICT_MS_COMPLIANT") == "yes")
                Console.WriteLine("当前环境变量“MONO_STRICT_MS_COMPLIANT”值为Yes！");
            else
                Console.WriteLine("当前环境变量“MONO_STRICT_MS_COMPLIANT”值为No！");


            Environment.SetEnvironmentVariable("MONO_STRICT_MS_COMPLIANT", "yes");
            Console.WriteLine("设置环境变量“MONO_STRICT_MS_COMPLIANT”为Yes！");

            if (Environment.GetEnvironmentVariable("MONO_STRICT_MS_COMPLIANT") == "yes")
                Console.WriteLine("当前环境变量“MONO_STRICT_MS_COMPLIANT”值为Yes！");
            else
                Console.WriteLine("当前环境变量“MONO_STRICT_MS_COMPLIANT”值为No！");

　　最后输出如下

　　

　　奇怪的是每次程序启动得到的值都为"No”，看来这种方式对该变量的改变只是一时的。

　　最后程序添加了这样一段代码来设置这一变量

            if (Environment.GetEnvironmentVariable("MONO_STRICT_MS_COMPLIANT") != "yes")
            {
                Environment.SetEnvironmentVariable("MONO_STRICT_MS_COMPLIANT", "yes");
                Console.WriteLine("设置环境变量“MONO_STRICT_MS_COMPLIANT”为Yes！");
            }

　　现在启动服务后，再用IE访问就能得到如下信息了，Mono下访问得到的界面跟之前的不太一样，但实质都是一样的：