多表查询之练习

create database SMSL;
use SMSL;


#班级表
create table class(
cid int primary key,
caption varchar(6)
)ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=5 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

#老师表：teacher
create table teacher(
tid int primary key,
tname varchar(8) not null
)ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=5 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

#学生表
create table student(
sid int primary key,
sname varchar(8) not null,
gender varchar(2) not null,
class_id int not null
)ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=5 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

#课程表 course

create table course(
cid int primary key,
cname varchar(8) not null,
teacher_id int not null,
foreign key(teacher_id) references teacher(tid)
)ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=5 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;


成绩表
create table score(
sid  int primary key,
student_id int not null,
 scorse_id int not null,
 number int not null,
 foreign key(student_id) references student(sid),
 foreign key(scorse_id) references course(cid)
)ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=5 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

1、自行创建测试数据

2、查询“生物”课程比“物理”课程成绩高的所有学生的学号；

select A.student_id,sw,ty from

(select student_id,num as sw from score left join course on score.course_id = course.cid where course.cname = '生物') as A

left join

(select student_id,num as ty from score left join course on score.course_id = course.cid where course.cname = '体育') as B

on A.student_id = B.student_id where sw > if(isnull(ty),0,ty); #如果ty为空，就把ty设置为零

3、查询平均成绩大于60分的同学的学号和平均成绩； 

　　SELECT student_id,AVG(number) from score GROUP BY student_id HAVING AVG(number)>60;

　　问题：很明显是平均之后进行比较（用having），出现having之后必须在前有group by；

4、查询所有同学的学号、姓名、选课数、总成绩；

　　SELECT student.sid,student.sname,COUNT(scorse_id),SUM(number)FROM student LEFT JOIN score on student.sid=score.student_id GROUP BY student.sid

5、查询姓“李”的老师的个数；

　　问题：like模糊匹配不清楚

　　SELECT count(tid) from teacher WHERE tname LIKE '李%';

6、查询没学过“叶平”老师课的同学的学号、姓名；

7、查询学过“001”并且也学过编号“002”课程的同学的学号、姓名；

8、查询学过“叶平”老师所教的所有课的同学的学号、姓名；

9、查询课程编号“002”的成绩比课程编号“001”课程低的所有同学的学号、姓名；

10、查询有课程成绩小于60分的同学的学号、姓名；

11、查询没有学全所有课的同学的学号、姓名；

12、查询至少有一门课与学号为“001”的同学所学相同的同学的学号和姓名；

13、查询至少学过学号为“001”同学所选课程中任意一门课的其他同学学号和姓名；

14、查询和“002”号的同学学习的课程完全相同的其他同学学号和姓名；

15、删除学习“叶平”老师课的SC表记录；

16、向SC表中插入一些记录，这些记录要求符合以下条件：①没有上过编号“002”课程的同学学号；②插入“002”号课程的平均成绩； 

17、按平均成绩从低到高显示所有学生的“语文”、“数学”、“英语”三门的课程成绩，按如下形式显示： 学生ID,语文,数学,英语,有效课程数,有效平均分；

18、查询各科成绩最高和最低的分：以如下形式显示：课程ID，最高分，最低分；

19、按各科平均成绩从低到高和及格率的百分数从高到低顺序；

20、课程平均分从高到低显示（现实任课老师）；

21、查询各科成绩前三名的记录:(不考虑成绩并列情况) 

22、查询每门课程被选修的学生数；

23、查询出只选修了一门课程的全部学生的学号和姓名；

24、查询男生、女生的人数；

25、查询姓“张”的学生名单；

26、查询同名同姓学生名单，并统计同名人数；

27、查询每门课程的平均成绩，结果按平均成绩升序排列，平均成绩相同时，按课程号降序排列；

28、查询平均成绩大于85的所有学生的学号、姓名和平均成绩；

29、查询课程名称为“数学”，且分数低于60的学生姓名和分数；

30、查询课程编号为003且课程成绩在80分以上的学生的学号和姓名； 

31、求选了课程的学生人数

32、查询选修“杨艳”老师所授课程的学生中，成绩最高的学生姓名及其成绩；

33、查询各个课程及相应的选修人数；

34、查询不同课程但成绩相同的学生的学号、课程号、学生成绩；

35、查询每门课程成绩最好的前两名；

36、检索至少选修两门课程的学生学号；

37、查询全部学生都选修的课程的课程号和课程名；

38、查询没学过“叶平”老师讲授的任一门课程的学生姓名；

39、查询两门以上不及格课程的同学的学号及其平均成绩；

40、检索“004”课程分数小于60，按分数降序排列的同学学号；

41、删除“002”同学的“001”课程的成绩；

答案

2、查询“生物”课程比“物理”课程成绩高的所有学生的学号；
思路：
    获取所有有生物课程的人（学号，成绩） - 临时表
    获取所有有物理课程的人（学号，成绩） - 临时表
    根据【学号】连接两个临时表：
        学号  物理成绩   生物成绩

    然后再进行筛选

        select A.student_id,sw,ty from 

        (select student_id,num as sw from score left join course on score.course_id = course.cid where course.cname = '生物') as A

        left join 

        (select student_id,num  as ty from score left join course on score.course_id = course.cid where course.cname = '体育') as B

        on A.student_id = B.student_id where sw > if(isnull(ty),0,ty);

3、查询平均成绩大于60分的同学的学号和平均成绩； 
    思路：
        根据学生分组，使用avg获取平均值，通过having对avg进行筛选

        select student_id,avg(num) from score group by student_id having avg(num) > 60

4、查询所有同学的学号、姓名、选课数、总成绩；

    select score.student_id,sum(score.num),count(score.student_id),student.sname 
    from 
        score left join student on score.student_id = student.sid   
    group by score.student_id

5、查询姓“李”的老师的个数；
    select count(tid) from teacher where tname like '李%'

    select count(1) from (select tid from teacher where tname like '李%') as B

6、查询没学过“叶平”老师课的同学的学号、姓名；
    思路：
        先查到“李平老师”老师教的所有课ID
        获取选过课的所有学生ID
        学生表中筛选
    select * from student where sid not in (
        select DISTINCT student_id from score where score.course_id in (
            select cid from course left join teacher on course.teacher_id = teacher.tid where tname = '李平老师'
        )
    )

7、查询学过“001”并且也学过编号“002”课程的同学的学号、姓名；
    思路：
        先查到既选择001又选择002课程的所有同学
        根据学生进行分组，如果学生数量等于2表示，两门均已选择

    select student_id,sname from 

    (select student_id,course_id from score where course_id = 1 or course_id = 2) as B
     
    left join student on B.student_id = student.sid group by student_id HAVING count(student_id) > 1


8、查询学过“叶平”老师所教的所有课的同学的学号、姓名；

    同上，只不过将001和002变成 in (叶平老师的所有课)

9、查询课程编号“002”的成绩比课程编号“001”课程低的所有同学的学号、姓名；
    同第1题


10、查询有课程成绩小于60分的同学的学号、姓名；
        
    select sid,sname from student where sid in (
        select distinct student_id from score where num < 60
    )

11、查询没有学全所有课的同学的学号、姓名；
    思路：
        在分数表中根据学生进行分组，获取每一个学生选课数量
        如果数量 == 总课程数量，表示已经选择了所有课程

        select student_id,sname 
        from score left join student on score.student_id = student.sid 
        group by student_id HAVING count(course_id) = (select count(1) from course)


12、查询至少有一门课与学号为“001”的同学所学相同的同学的学号和姓名；
    思路：
        获取 001 同学选择的所有课程
        获取课程在其中的所有人以及所有课程
        根据学生筛选，获取所有学生信息
        再与学生表连接，获取姓名

        select student_id,sname, count(course_id) 
        from score left join student on score.student_id = student.sid
        where student_id != 1 and course_id in (select course_id from score where student_id = 1) group by student_id

13、查询至少学过学号为“001”同学所有课的其他同学学号和姓名；
        先找到和001的学过的所有人
        然后个数 ＝ 001所有学科     ＝＝》 其他人可能选择的更多

        select student_id,sname, count(course_id) 
        from score left join student on score.student_id = student.sid
        where student_id != 1 and course_id in (select course_id from score where student_id = 1) group by student_id having count(course_id) ＝ (select count(course_id) from score where student_id = 1)

14、查询和“002”号的同学学习的课程完全相同的其他同学学号和姓名；
        
        个数相同
        002学过的也学过

        select student_id,sname from score left join student on score.student_id = student.sid where student_id in (
            select student_id from score  where student_id != 1 group by student_id HAVING count(course_id) = (select count(1) from score where student_id = 1)
        ) and course_id in (select course_id from score where student_id = 1) group by student_id HAVING count(course_id) = (select count(1) from score where student_id = 1)


15、删除学习“叶平”老师课的score表记录；

    delete from score where course_id in (
        select cid from course left join teacher on course.teacher_id = teacher.tid where teacher.name = '叶平'
    )

16、向SC表中插入一些记录，这些记录要求符合以下条件：①没有上过编号“002”课程的同学学号；②插入“002”号课程的平均成绩； 
    思路：
        由于insert 支持  
                inset into tb1(xx,xx) select x1,x2 from tb2;
        所有，获取所有没上过002课的所有人，获取002的平均成绩

    insert into score(student_id, course_id, num) select sid,2,(select avg(num) from score where course_id = 2) 
    from student where sid not in (
        select student_id from score where course_id = 2
    )
    
17、按平均成绩从低到高 显示所有学生的“语文”、“数学”、“英语”三门的课程成绩，按如下形式显示： 学生ID,语文,数学,英语,有效课程数,有效平均分；
    select sc.student_id,
        (select num from score left join course on score.course_id = course.cid where course.cname = "生物" and score.student_id=sc.student_id) as sy,
        (select num from score left join course on score.course_id = course.cid where course.cname = "物理" and score.student_id=sc.student_id) as wl,
        (select num from score left join course on score.course_id = course.cid where course.cname = "体育" and score.student_id=sc.student_id) as ty,
        count(sc.course_id),
        avg(sc.num)
    from score as sc
    group by student_id desc         

18、查询各科成绩最高和最低的分：以如下形式显示：课程ID，最高分，最低分；
    
    select course_id, max(num) as max_num, min(num) as min_num from score group by course_id;

19、按各科平均成绩从低到高和及格率的百分数从高到低顺序；
    思路：case when .. then
    select course_id, avg(num) as avgnum,sum(case when score.num > 60 then 1 else 0 END)/count(1)*100 as percent from score group by course_id order by avgnum asc,percent desc;

20、课程平均分从高到低显示（现实任课老师）；

    select avg(if(isnull(score.num),0,score.num)),teacher.tname from course 
    left join score on course.cid = score.course_id 
    left join teacher on course.teacher_id = teacher.tid

    group by score.course_id


21、查询各科成绩前三名的记录:(不考虑成绩并列情况) 
    select score.sid,score.course_id,score.num,T.first_num,T.second_num from score left join 
    (
    select 
        sid,
        (select num from score as s2 where s2.course_id = s1.course_id order by num desc limit 0,1) as first_num,
        (select num from score as s2 where s2.course_id = s1.course_id order by num desc limit 3,1) as second_num
    from 
        score as s1
    ) as T
    on score.sid =T.sid
    where score.num <= T.first_num and score.num >= T.second_num

22、查询每门课程被选修的学生数；
    
    select course_id, count(1) from score group by course_id;

23、查询出只选修了一门课程的全部学生的学号和姓名；
    select student.sid, student.sname, count(1) from score

    left join student on score.student_id  = student.sid

     group by course_id having count(1) = 1


24、查询男生、女生的人数；
    select * from 
    (select count(1) as man from student where gender='男') as A ,
    (select count(1) as feman from student where gender='女') as B 

25、查询姓“张”的学生名单；
    select sname from student where sname like '张%';

26、查询同名同姓学生名单，并统计同名人数；

    select sname,count(1) as count from student group by sname;

27、查询每门课程的平均成绩，结果按平均成绩升序排列，平均成绩相同时，按课程号降序排列；
    select course_id,avg(if(isnull(num), 0 ,num)) as avg from score group by course_id order by avg     asc,course_id desc;

28、查询平均成绩大于85的所有学生的学号、姓名和平均成绩；

    select student_id,sname, avg(if(isnull(num), 0 ,num)) from score left join student on score.student_id = student.sid group by student_id;

29、查询课程名称为“数学”，且分数低于60的学生姓名和分数；

    select student.sname,score.num from score 
    left join course on score.course_id = course.cid
    left join student on score.student_id = student.sid
    where score.num < 60 and course.cname = '生物'

30、查询课程编号为003且课程成绩在80分以上的学生的学号和姓名； 
    select * from score where score.student_id = 3 and score.num > 80

31、求选了课程的学生人数

    select count(distinct student_id) from score

    select count(c) from (
        select count(student_id) as c from score group by student_id) as A

32、查询选修“杨艳”老师所授课程的学生中，成绩最高的学生姓名及其成绩；
    
    select sname,num from score 
    left join student on score.student_id = student.sid
    where score.course_id in (select course.cid from course left join teacher on course.teacher_id = teacher.tid where tname='张磊老师') order by num desc limit 1;

33、查询各个课程及相应的选修人数；
    select course.cname,count(1) from score
    left join course on score.course_id = course.cid
    group by course_id;


34、查询不同课程但成绩相同的学生的学号、课程号、学生成绩；
    select DISTINCT s1.course_id,s2.course_id,s1.num,s2.num from score as s1, score as s2 where s1.num = s2.num and s1.course_id != s2.course_id;

35、查询每门课程成绩最好的前两名；

    select score.sid,score.course_id,score.num,T.first_num,T.second_num from score left join 
    (
    select 
        sid,
        (select num from score as s2 where s2.course_id = s1.course_id order by num desc limit 0,1) as first_num,
        (select num from score as s2 where s2.course_id = s1.course_id order by num desc limit 1,1) as second_num
    from 
        score as s1
    ) as T
    on score.sid =T.sid
    where score.num <= T.first_num and score.num >= T.second_num

36、检索至少选修两门课程的学生学号；
    select student_id from score group by student_id having count(student_id) > 1

37、查询全部学生都选修的课程的课程号和课程名；
    select course_id,count(1) from score group by course_id having count(1) = (select count(1) from student);

38、查询没学过“叶平”老师讲授的任一门课程的学生姓名；
    select student_id,student.sname from score 
    left join student on score.student_id = student.sid
    where score.course_id not in (
        select cid from course left join teacher on course.teacher_id = teacher.tid where tname = '张磊老师'
    ) 
    group by student_id

39、查询两门以上不及格课程的同学的学号及其平均成绩；

    select student_id,count(1) from score where num < 60 group by student_id having count(1) > 2

40、检索“004”课程分数小于60，按分数降序排列的同学学号；
    select student_id from score where num< 60 and course_id = 4 order by num desc;

41、删除“002”同学的“001”课程的成绩；
    delete from score where course_id = 1 and student_id = 2