第一章 nginx 支持https 配置样例
- 说明：https 段配置参数说明
Server 段::
listen 443 http2 spdy; #侦听443端口，并按照http2.0、spdy、http1.1 的顺序进行适用协议匹配，向下兼容。
ssl on; #开启ssl
ssl_certificate ../ssl/58_com-key/server.pem; #指定证书位置（线下测试证书在ssl.tar包里，需要将tar包上传至linux服务器上解压，在子目录中选用一套证书及私钥使用，推荐使用58_com-key下的证书和私钥）
ssl_certificate_key ../ssl/58_com-key/server.key; #指定证书私钥位置
ssl_session_timeout 10m; # ssl session超时时间
ssl_protocols TLSv1 TLSv1.1 TLSv1.2; #ssl 链路支持协议
ssl_ciphers "ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:DHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:DHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE-RSA-AES256-SHA384:ECDHE-RSA-AES128-SHA256:ECDHE-RSA-AES256-SHA:ECDHE-RSA-AES128-SHA:DHE-RSA-AES256-SHA256:DHE-RSA-AES128-SHA256:DHE-RSA-AES256-SHA:DHE-RSA-AES128-SHA:ECDHE-RSA-DES-CBC3-SHA:EDH-RSA-DES-CBC3-SHA:AES256-GCM-SHA384:AES128-GCM-SHA256:AES256-SHA256:AES128-SHA256:AES256-SHA:AES128-SHA:DES-CBC3-SHA:HIGH:!aNULL:!eNULL:!EXPORT:!DES:!MD5:!PSK:!RC4"; #ssl加密支持套件
ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on;#优先匹配服务端加密套件
location 段：
proxy_set_header HTTPS-Tag "HTTPS"; #设置HTTPS_TAG标识，方便程序认读
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme; #设置协议头传递变量
使用X-Forwarded-Proto进行协议的判定识别，需要在tomcat配置中添加内容：#使用X-Forwarded-Proto传递协议的条件是因为:在使用相对协议做跳转时，程序需要读取协议头再做跳转。而代理传递给后端的协议永远都是http协议，而真正的协议头https并没有传递成功。$scheme变量可以获取到用户访问使用的真正协议。将$scheme 变量赋值给 X-Forwarded_Proto 变量向后端（tomcat）传递协议可以避免这个问题。但是这时候tomcat使用X-Forwarded-For来获取用户IP可能存在问题。需要更换获取变量为X-Real-IP。
Tomcat-server.xml配置：
在Engine段添加：
<Valve className="org.apache.catalina.valves.RemoteIpValve" remoteIpHeader="X-Forwarded-For" protocolHeader="X-Forwarded-Proto" protocolHeaderHttpsValue="https"/>
线上配置样例：
HTTP-80 段详细配置：
server {
listen 80;
server_name example.58.com;
access_log /opt/log/nginx/example.58.com/example.58.com_access.log main;
error_log /opt/log/nginx/example.58.com/example.58.com_error.log error;
charset utf-8;
#### by dongange ####
set $remote_address $http_x_forwarded_for;
if ( $remote_address !~ "[0-9]" ) {
set $remote_address $remote_addr;
}
#### ----------- ####
location / {
proxy_pass http://example_pool;
proxy_set_header Host $host;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $remote_address;
proxy_set_header HTTPS-Tag "HTTP";
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;
}
error_page 404 = http://404.58.com/404.html?from=$host$request_uri;
}
HTTPS-443 段详细配置配置：
server {
listen 443 http2 spdy;
server_name example.58.com;
access_log /opt/log/nginx/example.58.com/example.58.com_https_access.log main;
error_log /opt/log/nginx/example.58.com/example.58.com_https_error.log error;
charset utf-8;
ssl on;
ssl_certificate ../ssl/58_com-key/server.pem;
ssl_certificate_key ../ssl/58_com-key/server.key;
ssl_session_timeout 10m;
ssl_protocols TLSv1 TLSv1.1 TLSv1.2;
ssl_ciphers "ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:DHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:DHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE-RSA-AES256-SHA384:ECDHE-RSA-AES128-SHA256:ECDHE-RSA-AES256-SHA:ECDHE-RSA-AES128-SHA:DHE-RSA-AES256-SHA256:DHE-RSA-AES128-SHA256:DHE-RSA-AES256-SHA:DHE-RSA-AES128-SHA:ECDHE-RSA-DES-CBC3-SHA:EDH-RSA-DES-CBC3-SHA:AES256-GCM-SHA384:AES128-GCM-SHA256:AES256-SHA256:AES128-SHA256:AES256-SHA:AES128-SHA:DES-CBC3-SHA:HIGH:!aNULL:!eNULL:!EXPORT:!DES:!MD5:!PSK:!RC4";
ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on;
#### by dongange ####
set $remote_address $http_x_forwarded_for;
if ( $remote_address !~ "[0-9]" ) {
set $remote_address $remote_addr;
}
#### ----------- ####
location / {
proxy_pass http://example_pool;
proxy_set_header Host $host;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $remote_address;
proxy_set_header HTTPS-Tag "HTTPS";
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;
}
error_page 404 = https://404.58.com/404.html?from=$host$request_uri;
}
其他 相关链接地址
1.openssl 命令用法介绍：http://blog.csdn.net/as3luyuan123/article/category/1743855/1
2.证书导入：
windows系统：http://jingyan.baidu.com/article/4e5b3e1954379c91911e2451.html
安卓手机：http://zhidao.baidu.com/link?url=bW1gDIxfiQ4OMcyhPxY53Qxo8B0DLst5GD-n_N4Tz5bfdNmKoIpr6saUe2s8uv_OXURPh_PV1sXjQA8B7wXFHq
3.CA原理：http://yale.iteye.com/blog/1675344
4.nginx ssl相关：http://www.oschina.net/translate/strong_ssl_security_on_nginx