yum.rpm一点点

rpm

1、rpm -qi查询包的详细信息

[root@centos7 tmp]# rpm -qi tree
Name        : tree
Version     : 1.6.0
Release     : 10.el7
...
[root@centos7 tmp]# rpm -qi nginx
Name        : nginx
Epoch       : 1
Version     : 1.16.0
...

2、rpm -qf查询某个文件来自那个软件包

[root@centos7 tmp]# rpm -qf /etc/nginx/nginx.conf 
nginx-1.16.0-1.el7.ngx.x86_64
[root@centos7 tmp]# rpm -qf /etc/my.cnf
mariadb-libs-5.5.60-1.el7_5.x86_64

3、rpm -ql列出某个包的相关文件

[root@centos7 tmp]# rpm -ql nginx
/etc/logrotate.d/nginx
/etc/nginx
/etc/nginx/conf.d
...

4、rpm -e卸载，有依赖卸载不了

[root@centos7 tmp]# rpm -e rpm
error: Failed dependencies:
	rpm = 4.11.3-35.el7 is needed by (installed) rpm-libs-4.11.3-35.el7.x86_64
	rpm is needed by (installed) color-filesystem-1-13.el7.noarch
	rpm = 4.11.3-35.el7 is needed by (installed) rpm-python-4.11.3-35.el7.x86_64
	rpm >= 0:4.11.3-22 is needed by (installed) yum-3.4.3-161.el7.centos.noarch
	rpm >= 4.1.1 is needed by (installed) createrepo-0.9.9-28.el7.noarch
	rpm is needed by (installed) policycoreutils-2.5-29.el7.x86_64

5、rpm -e --nodeps 忽略依赖性，强制卸载

[root@centos7 tmp]# rpm -e rpm --nodeps
# 救援请参考：https://blog.51cto.com/14012942/2426136
# 救援模式注意事项：要指定系统的根安装，如下所示
# [root@centos7 tmp]# rpm -ivh /run/initall/repo/rpm-4.11.3-35.el7.x86_64.rpm --root=/mnt/sysimage
[root@centos7 cd]# rpm --help
-r, --root=ROOT                  use ROOT as top level directory (default: "/")

6、rpm --import导入密钥

---

yum

7、yum group list 列出包组

[root@centos7 ~]# yum group list
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks
There is no installed groups file.
Maybe run: yum groups mark convert (see man yum)
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
 * base: mirror.lzu.edu.cn
 * extras: mirror.jdcloud.com
 * updates: mirror.lzu.edu.cn
Available Environment Groups:
   Minimal Install
   Compute Node
   ...

8、yum group info "包组名" 查看包组信息

[root@centos7 ~]# yum group info "Minimal Install"
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks
There is no installed groups file.
Maybe run: yum groups mark convert (see man yum)
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
 * base: mirror.lzu.edu.cn
 * extras: mirror.jdcloud.com
 * updates: mirror.lzu.edu.cn

Environment Group: Minimal Install
 Environment-Id: minimal
 Description: Basic functionality.
 Mandatory Groups:
   +core
 Optional Groups:
   +debugging

9、yum group install "Development Tools安装开发工具包

[root@centos7 ~]# yum group install "Development Tools"

10、卸载包组：yum group remove

11、createrepo创建仓库

12、yum安装mariadb-server，测时间

[root@centos7 dnf]# time yum install mariadb-server.x86_64 -y
Complete!

real	0m17.482s
user	0m6.337s
sys	0m3.311s

13、使用yum history undo卸载

[root@centos7 dnf]# yum history 
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks
ID     | Login user               | Date and time    | Action(s)      | Altered
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
     9 | root <root>              | 2019-08-03 20:19 | Install        |   10   
     8 | root <root>              | 2019-08-03 20:15 | Install        |   11   
     7 | root <root>              | 2019-08-03 20:07 | Install        |    1   
     6 | root <root>              | 2019-08-03 19:02 | Install        |    5   
     5 | root <root>              | 2019-08-03 09:15 | Reinstall      |    1   
     4 | root <root>              | 2019-08-02 16:30 | Install        |    1   
     3 | root <root>              | 2019-07-29 19:21 | Install        |    4   
     2 | root <root>              | 2019-07-29 14:14 | Install        |    1 E<
     1 | System <unset>           | 2019-07-17 16:27 | Install        | 1382 > 
history list
[root@centos7 dnf]# yum history undo 9

14、dnf安装mariadb,time侧时间

[root@centos7 dnf]# time dnf install mariadb-server.x86_64 -y
Complete!

real	0m23.413s
user	0m9.023s
sys	0m4.995s

15、程序包编译

• 源代码->预处理->编译->汇编->链接->执行
• c、C++ make项目管理器
• java：maven