见于好多人在CSDN上问如何在DataGrid中进行添加、删除和修改操作，我最近作了如下一个例子。
首先，例子所用的数据库是SQL Server2000，数据库表格如下：
字段名 | 类型 | 备注 |
EmployeeID | Int | 自增字段 |
EmployeeName | Varchar(20) |
|
Salary | Int |
|
CellPhone | Varchar(20) |
|
EmailAddress | Varchar(20) |
|
程序的代码如下：
//------------------------Datagrid Demo------------------------------------
//-------------------------------------------------------------------------
//---File:frmDataGridDemo.cs
//---Description:The main form file to operate datagrid
//---Author:Knight
//---Date:Mar.17, 2006
//-------------------------------------------------------------------------
//----------------------{ Datagrid Demo }----------------------------------
using System;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Collections;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Windows.Forms;
using System.Data;
using System.Data.SqlClient;
namespace CSDataGrid
{
/// <summary>
/// Summary description for frmDataGridDemo.
/// </summary>
public class frmDataGridDemo : System.Windows.Forms.Form
{
private System.Windows.Forms.DataGrid dtgUserInfo;
private System.Windows.Forms.Button btnUpdate;
private System.Windows.Forms.Button btnExit;
protected SqlConnection sqlConn = new SqlConnection();
protected SqlDataAdapter sqlDAdapter = null;
protected DataSet sqlRecordSet = null;
/// <summary>
/// Required designer variable.
/// </summary>
private System.ComponentModel.Container components = null;
public frmDataGridDemo()
{
//
// Required for Windows Form Designer support
//
InitializeComponent();
//
// TODO: Add any constructor code after InitializeComponent call
//
}
/// <summary>
/// Clean up any resources being used.
/// </summary>
protected override void Dispose( bool disposing )
{
if( disposing )
{
if (components != null)
{
components.Dispose();
}
}
base.Dispose( disposing );
}
#region Windows Form Designer generated code
/// <summary>
/// Required method for Designer support - do not modify
/// the contents of this method with the code editor.
/// </summary>
private void InitializeComponent()
{
this.dtgUserInfo = new System.Windows.Forms.DataGrid();
this.btnUpdate = new System.Windows.Forms.Button();
this.btnExit = new System.Windows.Forms.Button();
((System.ComponentModel.ISupportInitialize)(this.dtgUserInfo)).BeginInit();
this.SuspendLayout();
//
// dtgUserInfo
//
this.dtgUserInfo.DataMember = "";
this.dtgUserInfo.HeaderForeColor = System.Drawing.SystemColors.ControlText;
this.dtgUserInfo.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(8, 16);
this.dtgUserInfo.Name = "dtgUserInfo";
this.dtgUserInfo.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(528, 480);
this.dtgUserInfo.TabIndex = 0;
//
// btnUpdate
//
this.btnUpdate.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(544, 16);
this.btnUpdate.Name = "btnUpdate";
this.btnUpdate.TabIndex = 1;
this.btnUpdate.Text = "&Update";
this.btnUpdate.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.btnUpdate_Click);
//
// btnExit
//
this.btnExit.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(544, 472);
this.btnExit.Name = "btnExit";
this.btnExit.TabIndex = 2;
this.btnExit.Text = "E&xit";
//
// frmDataGridDemo
//
this.AutoScaleBaseSize = new System.Drawing.Size(5, 13);
this.ClientSize = new System.Drawing.Size(634, 511);
this.Controls.Add(this.btnExit);
this.Controls.Add(this.btnUpdate);
this.Controls.Add(this.dtgUserInfo);
this.FormBorderStyle = System.Windows.Forms.FormBorderStyle.FixedSingle;
this.MaximizeBox = false;
this.Name = "frmDataGridDemo";
this.Text = "DataGrid Demo";
this.Load += new System.EventHandler(this.frmDataGridDemo_Load);
((System.ComponentModel.ISupportInitialize)(this.dtgUserInfo)).EndInit();
this.ResumeLayout(false);
}
#endregion
/// <summary>
/// The main entry point for the application.
/// </summary>
[STAThread]
static void Main()
{
Application.Run(new frmDataGridDemo());
}
private void frmDataGridDemo_Load(object sender, System.EventArgs e)
{
//Set connection string
sqlConn.ConnectionString = yourDBConnectionString;
//Connect to DB
if( ConnectDB() )
{
//Bind data to datagrid
BindData();
}
}
private void AddDGStyle()
{
DataGridTableStyle ts1 = new DataGridTableStyle();
//specify the table from dataset (required step)
ts1.MappingName = "EmployeeInfo";
PropertyDescriptorCollection pdc = this.BindingContext
[sqlRecordSet, "EmployeeInfo"].GetItemProperties();
DataGridColumnStyle TextCol = new DataGridTextBoxColumn( pdc["EmployeeID"], "i" );
TextCol.MappingName = "EmployeeID";
TextCol.HeaderText = "EmployeeID";
TextCol.Width = 0;
TextCol.ReadOnly = true;
ts1.GridColumnStyles.Add(TextCol);
TextCol = new DataGridTextBoxColumn();
TextCol.MappingName = "EmployeeName";
TextCol.HeaderText = "Employee Name";
TextCol.Width = 100;
ts1.GridColumnStyles.Add(TextCol);
TextCol = new DataGridTextBoxColumn( pdc["Salary"], "i" );
TextCol.MappingName = "Salary";
TextCol.HeaderText = "Salary";
TextCol.Width = 80;
ts1.GridColumnStyles.Add(TextCol);
TextCol = new DataGridTextBoxColumn();
TextCol.MappingName = "CellPhone";
TextCol.HeaderText = "Cell Phone";
TextCol.Width = 80;
ts1.GridColumnStyles.Add(TextCol);
TextCol = new DataGridTextBoxColumn();
TextCol.MappingName = "EmailAddress";
TextCol.HeaderText = "Email Address";
TextCol.Width = 100;
ts1.GridColumnStyles.Add(TextCol);
dtgUserInfo.TableStyles.Add(ts1);
}
private void SetDAdapterCommands()
{
string strQuery = "";
SqlParameter sqlParm = null;
// Create data adapter with select command
strQuery = "SELECT EmployeeID, EmployeeName, Salary, CellPhone, EmailAddress "
+ " FROM EmployeeInfo";
sqlDAdapter = new SqlDataAdapter( strQuery, sqlConn );
//Set update command
strQuery = "Update EmployeeInfo SET "
+ " EmployeeName = @EmployeeName, "
+ " Salary = @Salary, "
+ " CellPhone = @CellPhone, "
+ " EmailAddress = @EmailAddress "
+ " WHERE EmployeeID = @EmployeeID ";
sqlDAdapter.UpdateCommand = new SqlCommand( strQuery, sqlConn );
sqlDAdapter.UpdateCommand.Parameters.Add( "@EmployeeName", SqlDbType.VarChar,
20, "EmployeeName" );
sqlParm = sqlDAdapter.UpdateCommand.Parameters.Add("@Salary", SqlDbType.Int);
sqlParm.SourceColumn = "Salary";
sqlParm.SourceVersion = DataRowVersion.Current;
sqlDAdapter.UpdateCommand.Parameters.Add( "@CellPhone", SqlDbType.VarChar,
20, "CellPhone" );
sqlDAdapter.UpdateCommand.Parameters.Add( "@EmailAddress", SqlDbType.VarChar,
20, "EmailAddress" );
sqlParm = sqlDAdapter.UpdateCommand.Parameters.Add("@EmployeeID", SqlDbType.Int);
sqlParm.SourceColumn = "EmployeeID";
sqlParm.SourceVersion = DataRowVersion.Original;
//Set insert command
strQuery = "INSERT INTO EmployeeInfo ("
+ " EmployeeName, "
+ " Salary, "
+ " CellPhone, "
+ " EmailAddress) "
+ " VALUES ( "
+ " @EmployeeName, "
+ " @Salary, "
+ " @CellPhone, "
+ " @EmailAddress)";
sqlDAdapter.InsertCommand = new SqlCommand( strQuery, sqlConn );
sqlDAdapter.InsertCommand.Parameters.Add( "@EmployeeName", SqlDbType.VarChar,
20, "EmployeeName" );
sqlParm = sqlDAdapter.InsertCommand.Parameters.Add("@Salary", SqlDbType.Int);
sqlParm.SourceColumn = "Salary";
sqlParm.SourceVersion = DataRowVersion.Current;
sqlDAdapter.InsertCommand.Parameters.Add( "@CellPhone", SqlDbType.VarChar,
20, "CellPhone" );
sqlDAdapter.InsertCommand.Parameters.Add( "@EmailAddress", SqlDbType.VarChar,
20, "EmailAddress" );
strQuery = "DELETE FROM EmployeeInfo "
+ " WHERE EmployeeID = @EmployeeID ";
sqlDAdapter.DeleteCommand = new SqlCommand( strQuery, sqlConn );
sqlParm = sqlDAdapter.DeleteCommand.Parameters.Add("@EmployeeID", SqlDbType.Int);
sqlParm.SourceColumn = "EmployeeID";
sqlParm.SourceVersion = DataRowVersion.Original;
}
private void BindData()
{
SetDAdapterCommands();
//Fill dataset
sqlRecordSet = new DataSet();
sqlDAdapter.Fill( sqlRecordSet, "EmployeeInfo" );
//Bind datagrid with dataset
dtgUserInfo.SetDataBinding( sqlRecordSet, "EmployeeInfo");
//Add datagrid style
AddDGStyle();
}
/// <summary>
/// Connect to DB
/// </summary>
/// <returns>If connected, return True; else return False</returns>
private bool ConnectDB()
{
//Check current connection's state
try
{
if( sqlConn.State == ConnectionState.Closed
|| sqlConn.State == ConnectionState.Broken )
{
//Connection is not available
sqlConn.Close();
}
else
//Connection is available
return true;
}
catch{};
//Re-connect
try
{
sqlConn.Open();
}
catch(SqlException e)
{
//Sql's exception
MessageBox.Show( e.Message );
}
catch(Exception e)
{
//Other exception
MessageBox.Show( e.Message );
}
if( sqlConn.State == ConnectionState.Closed
|| sqlConn.State == ConnectionState.Broken )
//Connection is not available
return false;
else
//Connection is available
return true;
}
private void btnUpdate_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e)
{
sqlDAdapter.Update( sqlRecordSet, "EmployeeInfo" );
sqlRecordSet.Tables["EmployeeInfo"].Rows.Clear();
sqlDAdapter.Fill( sqlRecordSet, "EmployeeInfo" );
}
}
}
上面的代码有很多细节没有作处理，因此仅仅演示如何对DataGrid操作。