本机多个WPF应用程序进行进程间通信的解决方案

　　在实际项目应用中，经常会需要本机中不同的进程相互直接需要通信。

　　典型应用场景：

　　　　剪切板在不同应用程序间操作。

　　　　控制程序给予第三方程序通信控制接口，如播放器控制开关等。

　　在Windows操作系统中，进程间相互通信的方式至少可以列5种以上，本文讲述在WPF环境下比较简便的解决方案：

• 　　1.WCF NetNamedPipeBinding
• 　　2.Win32  

　　1.WCF NetNamedPipeBinding

　　NetNamedPipeBinding适用于本机间进程通信，基于命名管道来进行消息传递。

　　Link：http://msdn.microsoft.com/zh-cn/library/ms752247.aspx

　　引用System.ServiceModel，定义一组端对端的通信接口：

namespace IPCInterface
{
    [ServiceContract(SessionMode = SessionMode.Allowed)]
    public interface IC2SMessages {
        [OperationContract(IsOneWay = true)]
        void Register(Guid clientID);

        [OperationContract(IsOneWay = true)]
        void DisplayCommandOnServer(string text);
    }
}

namespace IPCInterface {
    [ServiceContract(SessionMode = SessionMode.Allowed)]
    public interface IS2CMessages {
        [OperationContract(IsOneWay = true)]
        void CommandInClient(string text);
    }
}

　　

　　在发送端实现：

　　

namespace WinTarget {
    [ServiceBehavior(ConcurrencyMode = ConcurrencyMode.Reentrant, InstanceContextMode = InstanceContextMode.Single)]
    public partial class MainWindow : Window, IC2SMessages {
        ServiceHost _serverHost;
        List<Guid> _registeredClients = new List<Guid>();

        public MainWindow() {
            InitializeComponent();

            _serverHost = new ServiceHost(this);

            _serverHost.AddServiceEndpoint((typeof(IC2SMessages)), new NetNamedPipeBinding(), "net.pipe://localhost/Server");
            _serverHost.Open();
        }

        private void SendText(Guid client, string text) {
            using (ChannelFactory<IS2CMessages> factory = new ChannelFactory<IS2CMessages>(new NetNamedPipeBinding(), new EndpointAddress("net.pipe://localhost/Client_" + client.ToString()))) {
                IS2CMessages serverToClientChannel = factory.CreateChannel();
                try {
                    serverToClientChannel.CommandInClient(text);
                } catch (Exception ex) {
                    MessageBox.Show(ex.ToString());
                } finally {
                    CloseChannel((ICommunicationObject)serverToClientChannel);
                }
            }
        }

        private void CloseChannel(ICommunicationObject channel) {
            try {
                channel.Close();
            } catch (Exception ex) {
                MessageBox.Show(ex.ToString());
            } finally {
                channel.Abort();
            }
        }

        public void Register(Guid clientID) {
            if (!_registeredClients.Contains(clientID)) {
                _registeredClients.Add(clientID);                
            }
        }

        public void DisplayCommandOnServer(string text) {
            lbmessage.Content = text;
        }

        private void Play_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e) {
            foreach (Guid client in _registeredClients) {
                SendText(client, "Play");
            }
        }

        private void Pause_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e) {
            foreach (Guid client in _registeredClients) {
                SendText(client, "Pause");
            }
        }
    }
}

　　接受端实现：

namespace WinSource {
    [ServiceBehavior(ConcurrencyMode = ConcurrencyMode.Reentrant, InstanceContextMode = InstanceContextMode.Single)]
    public partial class MainWindow : Window, IS2CMessages {
        Guid _clientID;
        ServiceHost _clientHost;

        public MainWindow() {
            InitializeComponent();

            _clientID = Guid.NewGuid();
            _clientHost = new ServiceHost(this);

            _clientHost.AddServiceEndpoint((typeof(IS2CMessages)), new NetNamedPipeBinding(), "net.pipe://localhost/Client_" + _clientID.ToString());
            _clientHost.Open();

            this.Loaded += OnLoaded;
        }

        void OnLoaded(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e) {
            this.Dispatcher.BeginInvoke(new Action(() => {
                Register(_clientID);
            }));

            media.LoadedBehavior = MediaState.Manual;
            media.Source = new Uri(@"D:\Test\IMG_0245.MOV");
            media.Play();
        }


        public void Register(Guid clientID) {
            using (ChannelFactory<IC2SMessages> factory = new ChannelFactory<IC2SMessages>(new NetNamedPipeBinding(), new EndpointAddress("net.pipe://localhost/Server"))) {
                IC2SMessages clientToServerChannel = factory.CreateChannel();
                try {
                    clientToServerChannel.Register(clientID);
                    clientToServerChannel.DisplayCommandOnServer(string.Format("+Client:{0}", clientID.ToString()));
                } catch (Exception ex) {
                    MessageBox.Show(ex.ToString());
                } finally {
                    CloseChannel((ICommunicationObject)clientToServerChannel);
                }
            }
        }

        private void CloseChannel(ICommunicationObject channel) {
            try {
                channel.Close();
            } catch (Exception ex) {
                MessageBox.Show(ex.ToString());
            } finally {
                channel.Abort();
            }
        }

        public void CommandInClient(string text) {
            if (text == "Play") {
                media.Play();
            } else {
                media.Pause();
            }
        }
    }
}

　　

　　执行效果：

　　

　　2.Win32

　　发送端引用 User32.dll SendMessage和FindWindow

　　MessageHelper类：

    public class MessageHelper {
        public const int WM_COPYDATA = 0x004A;

        [DllImport("User32.dll", EntryPoint = "SendMessage")]
        private static extern int SendMessage
        (
        IntPtr hWnd,                   //目标窗体句柄
        int Msg,                       //WM_COPYDATA
        int wParam,                    //自定义数值
        ref  CopyDataStruct lParam     //结构体
        );

        [DllImport("User32.dll", EntryPoint = "FindWindow")]
        public static extern IntPtr FindWindow(string lpClassName, string lpWindowName);

        public static void SendMessage(string windowName, string strMsg) {

            if (strMsg == null) return;

            IntPtr hwnd = FindWindow(null, windowName);

            if (hwnd != IntPtr.Zero) {
                CopyDataStruct cds;

                cds.dwData = IntPtr.Zero;
                cds.lpData = strMsg;

                cds.cbData = System.Text.Encoding.Default.GetBytes(strMsg).Length + 1;

                int fromWindowHandler = 0;
                SendMessage(hwnd, WM_COPYDATA, fromWindowHandler, ref  cds);
            }
        }

        public static void SendMessageByProcess(string processName, string strMsg) {
            if (strMsg == null) return;
            var process = Process.GetProcessesByName(processName);
            if (process.FirstOrDefault() == null) return;
            var hwnd = process.FirstOrDefault().MainWindowHandle;
            if (hwnd == IntPtr.Zero) return;

            if (hwnd != IntPtr.Zero) {
                CopyDataStruct cds;

                cds.dwData = IntPtr.Zero;
                cds.lpData = strMsg;

                cds.cbData = System.Text.Encoding.Default.GetBytes(strMsg).Length + 1;

                int fromWindowHandler = 0;
                SendMessage(hwnd, WM_COPYDATA, fromWindowHandler, ref  cds);

            }
        }
        
        [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
        public struct CopyDataStruct {
            public IntPtr dwData;
            public int cbData;

            [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPStr)]
            public string lpData;
        }
    }

　　发送端发送消息：

MessageHelper.SendMessageByProcess("WinSource", "Play");

MessageHelper.SendMessageByProcess("WinSource", "Pause");

　　

　　接受端MessageHelper类

    public class MessageHelper {
        public const int WM_COPYDATA = 0x004A;
    }


    [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
    public struct CopyDataStruct {

        public IntPtr dwData;

        public int cbData;//字符串长度

        [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPStr)]
        public string lpData;//字符串
    }

　　接受端接受另一进程消息，并做处理动作

　

        void MainWindow_Loaded(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e) {
            (PresentationSource.FromVisual(this) as HwndSource).AddHook(new HwndSourceHook(this.WndProc));
            if (Application.Current.Properties["ArbitraryArgName"] != null) {
                try {
                    string fname = Application.Current.Properties["ArbitraryArgName"].ToString();
                    midea.Source = new Uri(fname);
                    midea.Play();
                    Status = true;
                } catch (Exception ex) {
                    MessageBox.Show(ex.ToString());
                }
            }


        }

        IntPtr WndProc(IntPtr hwnd, int msg, IntPtr wParam, IntPtr lParam, ref bool handled) {
            if (msg == MessageHelper.WM_COPYDATA) {
                CopyDataStruct cds = (CopyDataStruct)System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal.PtrToStructure(lParam, typeof(CopyDataStruct));
                if (cds.lpData == "Play") {
                    if (Status) {
                        midea.Pause();
                        Status = false;
                    } else {
                        midea.Play();
                        Status = true;
                    }
                }
            }
            return hwnd;
        }

　　这样达到的效果和使用WCF NamedPipeBinding效果是一样的。 

　　代码戳：https://files.cnblogs.com/tmywu/ProcessCommunication.7z

　　

　　觉得代码有用的朋友帮忙点下推荐呀~！-_-