• python 内置模块之logging


    1、将日志直接输出到屏幕

    import logging
    
    logging.debug('This is debug message')
    logging.info('This is info message')
    logging.warning('This is warning message')
    
    # 默认情况下,logging将日志打印到屏幕,日志级别为WARNING;
    
    #output====================================
    # WARNING:root:This is warning message

    2.通过logging.basicConfig函数对日志的输出格式及方式做相关配置

    import logging
    
    logging.basicConfig(level=logging.DEBUG,
                    format='%(asctime)s %(filename)s[line:%(lineno)d] %(levelname)s %(message)s',
                    datefmt='%a, %d %b %Y %H:%M:%S',
                    filename='myapp.log',
                    filemode='w')
        
    logging.debug('This is debug message')
    logging.info('This is info message')
    logging.warning('This is warning message')
    
    
    #./myapp.log文件中内容为:
    #Sun, 24 May 2009 21:48:54 demo2.py[line:11] DEBUG This is debug message
    #Sun, 24 May 2009 21:48:54 demo2.py[line:12] INFO This is info message
    #Sun, 24 May 2009 21:48:54 demo2.py[line:13] WARNING This is warning message

    logging.basicConfig参数:

    #logging.basicConfig函数各参数:
    filename: 指定日志文件名
    filemode: 和file函数意义相同,指定日志文件的打开模式,'w''a'
    format: 指定输出的格式和内容,format可以输出很多有用信息,如上例所示:
        %(levelno)s:     打印日志级别的数值
        %(levelname)s:     打印日志级别名称
        %(pathname)s:     打印当前执行程序的路径,其实就是sys.argv[0]
        %(filename)s:     打印当前执行程序名
        %(funcName)s:     打印日志的当前函数
        %(lineno)d:     打印日志的当前行号
        %(asctime)s:     打印日志的时间
        %(thread)d:     打印线程ID
        %(threadName)s: 打印线程名称
        %(process)d:     打印进程ID
        %(message)s:     打印日志信息
    datefmt:     指定时间格式,同time.strftime()
    level:         设置日志级别,默认为logging.WARNING
    stream:     指定将日志的输出流,可以指定输出到sys.stderr,sys.stdout或者文件,默认输出到sys.stderr,当stream和filename同时指定时,stream被忽略

    3、将日志同时输出到多个Handler

    先定义一个住handler,并使用addHander()添加到主handler,实现日志输出到多个handler.

    a、同时输出到文件和屏幕

    import logging
    #设置一个basicConfig只能输出到一个Handler
    logging.basicConfig(level=logging.DEBUG,
                    format='%(asctime)s %(filename)s[line:%(lineno)d] %(levelname)s %(message)s',
                    datefmt='%a, %d %b %Y %H:%M:%S',
                    filename='myapp.log',
                    filemode='w')
    
    #定义一个StreamHandler,将INFO级别或更高的日志信息打印到标准错误,并将其添加到当前的日志处理对象#
    console = logging.StreamHandler()
    console.setLevel(logging.INFO)
    formatter = logging.Formatter('%(name)-12s: %(levelname)-8s %(message)s')
    console.setFormatter(formatter)
    logging.getLogger('').addHandler(console)
    
    #输出到文件的log级别为debug,输出到stream的log级别为info
    logging.debug('This is debug message')
    logging.info('This is info message')
    logging.warning('This is warning message')

    b、添加一个handler:输出到文件,并根据文件大小滚动存储

      在a的基础上添加一个handler

    from logging.handlers import RotatingFileHandler
    #定义一个RotatingFileHandler,最多备份5个日志文件,每个日志文件最大10M
    Rthandler = RotatingFileHandler('myapp.log', maxBytes=10*1024*1024,backupCount=5)
    Rthandler.setLevel(logging.INFO)
    formatter = logging.Formatter('%(name)-12s: %(levelname)-8s %(message)s')
    Rthandler.setFormatter(formatter)
    logging.getLogger('').addHandler(Rthandler)

    logging几种Handler类型:

    logging.StreamHandler(默认):     日志输出到流,可以是sys.stderr、sys.stdout或者文件
    logging.FileHandler:             日志输出到文件
    logging.handlers.RotatingFileHandler    日志输出到文件,基于文件大小滚动存储日志
    logging.handlers.TimedRotatingFileHandler    日志输出到文件,基于时间周期滚动存储日志
    logging.handlers.SocketHandler:     远程输出日志到TCP/IP sockets
    logging.handlers.DatagramHandler:      远程输出日志到UDP sockets
    logging.handlers.SMTPHandler:          远程输出日志到邮件地址
    logging.handlers.SysLogHandler:     日志输出到syslog
    logging.handlers.NTEventLogHandler: 远程输出日志到Windows NT/2000/XP的事件日志
    logging.handlers.MemoryHandler:     日志输出到内存中的制定buffer
    logging.handlers.HTTPHandler:         通过"GET""POST"远程输出到HTTP服务器

    4、通过配置文件配置logger

    a、定义配置文件logger.conf

    #logger.conf
    ###############################################
    [loggers]
    keys=root,example01,example02
    [logger_root]
    level=DEBUG
    handlers=hand01,hand02
    [logger_example01]
    handlers=hand01,hand02
    qualname=example01
    propagate=0
    [logger_example02]
    handlers=hand01,hand03
    qualname=example02
    propagate=0
    ###############################################
    
    [handlers]
    keys=hand01,hand02,hand03
    [handler_hand01]
    class=StreamHandler
    level=INFO
    formatter=form02
    args=(sys.stderr,)
    [handler_hand02]
    class=FileHandler
    level=DEBUG
    formatter=form01
    args=('myapp.log', 'a')
    [handler_hand03]
    class=handlers.RotatingFileHandler
    level=INFO
    formatter=form02
    args=('myapp.log', 'a', 10*1024*1024, 5)
    ###############################################
    [formatters]
    keys=form01,form02
    [formatter_form01]
    format=%(asctime)s %(filename)s[line:%(lineno)d] %(levelname)s %(message)s
    datefmt=%a, %d %b %Y %H:%M:%S
    [formatter_form02]
    format=%(name)-12s: %(levelname)-8s %(message)s
    datefmt=

    b、logging.config获取配置

    import logging
    import logging.config
    
    logging.config.fileConfig("logger.conf")
    logger = logging.getLogger("example01")
    
    logger.debug('This is debug message')
    logger.info('This is info message')
    logger.warning('This is warning message')
    import logging
    import logging.config
    
    logging.config.fileConfig("logger.conf")
    logger = logging.getLogger("example02")
    
    logger.debug('This is debug message')
    logger.info('This is info message')
    logger.warning('This is warning message')
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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/tkqasn/p/6020282.html
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