• BroadcastReceiver的使用,动态注册和注销,优先级和中断控制


    BroadcastReceiver:

    BroadcastReceiver(广播接收器)是Android中的四大组件之一,用来通知某些事件的相关信息,如下载完成,设置改变等。

    默认的BroadcastReceiver状态(新建完未更改任何设置)的简单使用方法:

    1.通过new Intnet(MainActivity.this,MyReceiver.class)来启动指明的广播对象,(当manifests中注册了此BroadcastReceiver才能通过这种方法启动)

    2.Intent可以通过intent.putExtra()方法携带一些信息,将这些信息传递给Broadcast

    启动代码:

    Intent i = new Intent(MainActivity.this,MyReceiver.class);
    i.putExtra("data","testing");
    sendBroadcast(i);

    动态注册和注销:

    在新建BroadcastReceiver时,IDE默认在manifests文件中给BroadcastReceiver注册,当manifests文件中删除了它的注册信息的时候,可以在BroadcastReceiver中添加public static final action = "包名.Intent.action.actionName"),然后通过new Intent(BroadcastReceiverName.action)来启动未注册的BroadcastReceiver)。

    注册方法:

    //在BroadcastReceiver中需要添加,用于启动BroadcastReceiver
    public static final String action = "程序包名.intent.action.MyReceiver";
    //此注册方法的代码在Activity中
    private MyReceiver receiver = null; if (receiver==null){   receiver = new MyReceiver(); registerReceiver(receiver,new IntentFilter(MyReceiver.action)); }

    注销方法:

    if (receiver!=null){
      unregisterReceiver(receiver);
       receiver = null;
    }

    同时向多个BroadcastReceiver发送信息的方法:

    1.在manifests文件中为需要同时发送的BroadcastReceiver注册相同的启动action

    2.通过Intent启动多个BroadcastReceiver相同的action,并向其发送信息,即能是所有相同action的BroadcastReceiver收到信息

    manifests模块的注册代码:

    <receiver
      android:name=".MyReceiver1"
      android:enabled="true"
      android:exported="true">
    
      <intent-filter>
    //设置的action <action android:name="程序包名.intent.action.MyReceiver"/> </intent-filter> </receiver>
    <receiver android:name=".MyReceiver"> <intent-filter>
    //设置的action <action android:name="程序包名.intent.action.MyReceiver"/>
    </intent-filter>
    </receiver>

    //启动代码同注册时

    BroadcastReceiver的优先级和中断操作:

    BroadcastReceiver在未设置优先级的时候,同时发送信息的话,先在manifests文件中注册的BroadcastReceiver先收到信息,若是设置了优先级信息,那么优先级数值越大,优先级越高,优先级越高就先执行。

    注:优先级在manifests文件中设置

    在manifests文件中设置优先级的代码:

    <receiver
     android:name=".MyReceiver1"
     android:enabled="true"
     android:exported="true">
    
     <intent-filter
     android:priority="9">    //设置MyReceiver1的优先级为9
     <action android:name="andrew.com.broadcastreceiverdemo.intent.action.MyReceiver"/>
     </intent-filter>
    </receiver>
    <receiver android:name=".MyReceiver">
    <intent-filter android:priority="10">    //设置MyReceiver的优先级为10 <action android:name="andrew.com.broadcastreceiverdemo.intent.action.MyReceiver"/> </intent-filter>
    </receiver>

    //在设置对应的优先级后,MyReceiver会先接收到信息

    BroadcastReceiver的中断操作:

    在BroadcastReceiver存在接收优先级的时候,先接收到信息的BroadcastReceiver可以选择中断此广播,让优先级低于自己的BroadcastReceiver无法再接收到此次广播。

    中断广播继续传递的代码:

     @Override
        public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
            abortBroadcast();    //在这里中断此次广播
        }

    注:

    若是有中断广播的操作,那么启动广播传递的方式不能是sendBroadcast()方法,使用sendBroadcast()发送的广播在接收时被中断,程序会出现错误。

    要使中断广播的操作正常运行,需要使用sendOrderedBroadcast()方法。

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/thinfog/p/5635004.html
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