MySQL
1. 主数据库配置
[mysqld]
server-id = 1 # 节点ID，确保唯一
# log config
log-bin = mysql-bin #开启mysql的binlog日志功能
sync_binlog = 1 #控制数据库的binlog刷到磁盘上去 , 0 不控制，性能最好，1每次事物提交都会刷到日志文件中，性能最差，最安全
binlog_format = mixed #binlog日志格式，mysql默认采用statement，建议使用mixed
expire_logs_days = 7 #binlog过期清理时间
max_binlog_size = 100m #binlog每个日志文件大小
binlog_cache_size = 4m #binlog缓存大小
max_binlog_cache_size= 512m #最大binlog缓存大
binlog-ignore-db=mysql #不生成日志文件的数据库，多个忽略数据库可以用逗号拼接，或者 复制这句话，写多行
auto-increment-offset = 1 # 自增值的偏移量
auto-increment-increment = 1 # 自增值的自增量
slave-skip-errors = all #跳过从库错误
2. 从数据库配置加入
server-id=2
relay-log=slave-relay-bin
relay-log-index=slave-relay-bin.index
#replicate-do-db=test
#备注：
#server-id 服务器唯一标识，如果有多个从服务器，每个服务器的server-id不能重复，跟IP一样是唯一标识，如果你没设置server-id或者设置为0，则从服务器不会连接到主服务器。
#relay-log 启动MySQL二进制日志，可以用来做数据备份和崩溃恢复，或主服务器挂掉了，将此从服务器作为其他从服务器的主服务器。
#replicate-do-db 指定同步的数据库，如果复制多个数据库，重复设置这个选项即可。若在master端不指定binlog-do-db，则在slave端可用replication-do-db来过滤。
#replicate-ignore-db 不需要同步的数据库，如果有多个数据库，重复设置这个选项即可。
3. 重启主和从数据库
service mysql restart
4. 主数据库查看master状态
show master status
MariaDB [(none)]> show master status;
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| mysql-bin.000005 120| | mysql | |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
5. 从数据库进入mysql配置
MariaDB [(none)]> CHANGE MASTER TO
MASTER_HOST = '172.17.0.3',
MASTER_USER = 'repl_user',
MASTER_PASSWORD = 'repl_passwd',
MASTER_PORT = 3307,
MASTER_LOG_FILE='mysql-bin.000005',
MASTER_LOG_POS=120,
MASTER_RETRY_COUNT = 60,
MASTER_HEARTBEAT_PERIOD = 10000;
# MASTER_USER = 'repl_user', # 主库的账号
# MASTER_PASSWORD = 'repl_passwd', # 主库的密码
# MASTER_LOG_FILE='mysql-bin.000005',#与主库File 保持一致
# MASTER_LOG_POS=120 , #与主库Position 保持一致
6. 从数据库开启slave进程
MariaDB [(none)]> start slave;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.002 sec)
7. 查看同步状态
MariaDB [(none)]> show slave statusG;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
Master_Host: 120.78.176.77
Master_User: root
Master_Port: 3306
Connect_Retry: 60
Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000002
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 154
Relay_Log_File: PC-202008301542-relay-bin.000002
Relay_Log_Pos: 422
Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000002
Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
Replicate_Do_DB:
Replicate_Ignore_DB:
Replicate_Do_Table:
Replicate_Ignore_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:
Last_Errno: 0
Last_Error:
Skip_Counter: 0
Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 154
Relay_Log_Space: 741
Until_Condition: None
Until_Log_File:
Until_Log_Pos: 0
Master_SSL_Allowed: No
Master_SSL_CA_File:
Master_SSL_CA_Path:
Master_SSL_Cert:
Master_SSL_Cipher:
Master_SSL_Key:
Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
Last_IO_Errno: 0
Last_IO_Error:
Last_SQL_Errno: 0
Last_SQL_Error:
Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:
Master_Server_Id: 1
Master_SSL_Crl:
Master_SSL_Crlpath:
Using_Gtid: No
Gtid_IO_Pos:
Replicate_Do_Domain_Ids:
Replicate_Ignore_Domain_Ids:
Parallel_Mode: optimistic
SQL_Delay: 0
SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL
Slave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for more updates
Slave_DDL_Groups: 0
Slave_Non_Transactional_Groups: 0
Slave_Transactional_Groups: 0
1 row in set (0.000 sec)
# 出现这两个说明同步成功
# Slave_IO_Running: Yes
# Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
问题
ERROR 1201 (HY000): Could not initialize master info structure for ''; more error messages can be found in the MariaDB error log
如果在操作到遇到上面问题的报错，就执行下面这句， 继续从第5步开始
MariaDB [(none)]> reset slave;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.037 sec)