centos7 mysql安装

一、系统环境

 [root@localhost home]# cat /etc/redhat-release

 CentOS Linux release 7.2.1511 (Core)

二、mysql安装

 安装mysql和mysql-devel都成功，但是安装mysql-server失败，如下：

[root@localhost home]# yum install mysql-server
    已加载插件：fastestmirror, langpacks
    Repodata is over 2 weeks old. Install yum-cron? Or run: yum makecache fast
    base                                                                    | 3.6 kB  00:00:00     
    extras                                                                  | 3.4 kB  00:00:00     
    updates                                                                 | 3.4 kB  00:00:00     
   (1/4): base/7/x86_64/group_gz                                           | 155 kB  00:00:01     
   (2/4): extras/7/x86_64/primary_db                                       | 139 kB  00:00:01     
   (3/4): base/7/x86_64/primary_db                                         | 5.6 MB  00:00:38     
   (4/4): updates/7/x86_64/primary_db                                      | 4.7 MB  00:00:39     
 Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
  * base: mirrors.163.com
  * extras: mirrors.163.com
  * updates: mirrors.163.com
 没有可用软件包 mysql-server。
 错误：无须任何处理

出现这样问题是CentOS 7 版本将MySQL数据库软件从默认的程序列表中移除，用mariadb代替了

有两种解决办法：

 1、方法一：安装mariadb

MariaDB数据库管理系统是MySQL的一个分支，采用GPL授权许可 MariaDB的目的是完全兼容MySQL，包括API和命令行，使之能轻松成为MySQL的代替品。MariaDB由MySQL的创始人Michael Widenius（英语：Michael Widenius）主导开发，他早前将自己创建的公司MySQL AB卖给了SUN，此后，随着SUN被甲骨文收购，MySQL的所有权也落入Oracle的手中。MariaDB名称来自Michael Widenius的女儿Maria的名字。

安装mariadb，输入安装命令

[root@localhost home]# yum install mariadb-server mariadb

mariadb数据库的相关命令是：

   systemctl start mariadb  #启动MariaDB

   systemctl stop mariadb  #停止MariaDB

   systemctl restart mariadb  #重启MariaDB

   systemctl enable mariadb  #设置开机启动

先启动数据库

  [root@yl-web yl]# systemctl start mariadb

  默认无密码

[root@localhost lzh]# mysql -u root -p
Enter password: 
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor.  Commands end with ; or g.
Your MariaDB connection id is 6
Server version: 5.5.52-MariaDB MariaDB Server

Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.

Type 'help;' or 'h' for help. Type 'c' to clear the current input statement.

MariaDB [(none)]> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| test               |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.01 sec)

2、方法二：官网下载安装mysql-server

# wget http://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql-community-release-el7-5.noarch.rpm
# rpm -ivh mysql-community-release-el7-5.noarch.rpm
# yum install mysql-community-server

安装成功后重启mysql服务

    # service mysqld restart

初次安装mysql，root账户没有密码

[root@localhost lzh]# mysql -u root 
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or g.
Your MySQL connection id is 3
Server version: 5.6.26 MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2015, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or 'h' for help. Type 'c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| test               |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.01 sec)

设置密码

mysql> set password for 'root'@'localhost' =password('password');
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

安装完以后mariadb自动就被替换了，将不再生效。

[root@localhost lzh]# rpm -qa |grep mariadb