1、简介
Feign是一个声明式的伪Http客户端,它使得写Http客户端变得更简单。使用Feign,只需要创建一个接口并注解。它具有可插拔的注解特性,可使用Feign 注解和JAX-RS注解。Feign支持可插拔的编码器和解码器。Feign默认集成了Ribbon,并和Eureka结合,默认实现了负载均衡的效果。
简而言之:
- Feign 采用的是基于接口的注解
- Feign 整合了ribbon,具有负载均衡的能力
- 整合了Hystrix,具有熔断的能力
2、创建feign服务
2、1 创建springboot工程serice-feign,pom.xml如下:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <groupId>com.lishun</groupId> <artifactId>serice-feign</artifactId> <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> <packaging>jar</packaging> <name>serice-feign</name> <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description> <parent> <groupId>com.lishun</groupId> <artifactId>cloud</artifactId> <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version> <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository --> </parent> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-openfeign</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency> </dependencies> </project>
2.2、配置文件application.yml,在配置文件中指定服务名,端口,注册中心地址等信息
eureka:
client:
serviceUrl:
defaultZone: http://localhost:8761/eureka/
server:
port: 8765
spring:
application:
name: service-feign
2.3、在程序的启动类ServiceFeignApplication ,加上@EnableFeignClients注解开启Feign的功能:
@SpringBootApplication @EnableEurekaClient @EnableFeignClients public class SericeFeignApplication { public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(SericeFeignApplication.class, args); } }
2.4、定义一个feign接口,通过@ FeignClient(“服务名”),来指定调用哪个服务。比如在代码中调用了service-hi服务的“/hi”接口,代码如下:
@FeignClient(value = "service-hi") public interface SchedualServiceHi { @RequestMapping(value = "/hi",method = RequestMethod.GET) String sayHiFromClientOne(@RequestParam(value = "name") String name); }
2.5、在Web层的controller层,对外暴露一个”/hi”的API接口,通过上面定义的Feign客户端SchedualServiceHi 来消费服务。代码如下:
@RestController public class HiController { //编译器报错,无视。 因为这个Bean是在程序启动的时候注入的,编译器感知不到,所以报错。 @SuppressWarnings("all") @Autowired SchedualServiceHi schedualServiceHi; @GetMapping(value = "/hi") public String sayHi(@RequestParam String name) { return schedualServiceHi.sayHiFromClientOne( name ); } }
2.6、启动eureka-server ,端口为8761; 启动service-hi 两次,端口分别为8762 、8773.再启动serice-feign 端口为8765,多次访问http://localhost:8765/hi?name=lis,浏览器交替显示:
hi lis,i am from port:8762
hi lis,i am from port:8763