java网页数据抓取实例

网页上面数据如下：

如果想要过去上图所示网页的数据，代码如下：

（1）调度类，主要调用工具类中的方法获取数据并入库

package com.jointsky.jointframe.weather.jobservice;

import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

import org.apache.commons.lang.StringUtils;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;

import com.jointsky.jointframe.scheduler.exception.ExecutionException;
import com.jointsky.jointframe.scheduler.quartz.JobService;
import com.jointsky.jointframe.weather.entity.ActuallyForecastWeather;
import com.jointsky.jointframe.weather.entity.ActuallyWeather;
import com.jointsky.jointframe.weather.service.ActuallyForecastWeatherManager;
import com.jointsky.jointframe.weather.service.ActuallyWeatherManager;
import com.jointsky.jointframe.weather.utils.UrlInfo;

/*
 * <p>Description:实况天气资料数据资料调度类</p>*/
@Transactional
public class ActuallyWeatherJobService implements JobService{
    
    /**
     * 实况天气资料（当天）数据管理类
     */
    private ActuallyWeatherManager actuallyWeatherManager;
    
    /**
     * 实况天气资料（当天）数据实体类
     */
    private ActuallyWeather actuallyWeather;
    
    /**
     * 实况天气资料预报数据管理类
     */
    private ActuallyForecastWeatherManager actuallyForecastWeatherManager;
    
    /**
     * 实况天气资料预报数据实体类
     */
    private ActuallyForecastWeather actuallyForecastWeather;
    
    /**
     * 存放参数的map集合
     */
    private Map<String, Object> map = new HashMap<String, Object>();
    
    

    @Override
    public void execute(Map<String, Object> arg0) throws ExecutionException {
        System.out.println("实况天气资料数据获取调度成功");
        String[] countyCodes = UrlInfo.getCountyCodes().split(",");
        for (int j = 0; j < countyCodes.length; j++) {
            String countyCode = countyCodes[j];
            if (StringUtils.isNotEmpty(countyCode)) {
                try {
                    String url = UrlInfo.getUrl(countyCode);
                    Map<String, Object> filterMap = UrlInfo.getDistrict(countyCode);
                    //市级名称
                    String cityLevel = (String) filterMap.get("cityLevel");
                    //区县级名称
                    String countyLevel = (String) filterMap.get("countyLevel");
                    //银川天气预报详细信息数据
                    List<ActuallyWeather> list_actually = UrlInfo.getURLInfoOfActully(url,"utf-8");
                    List<ActuallyForecastWeather> list_forecast = UrlInfo.getURLInfoOfForecast(url, "utf-8");
                    for (int i = 0; i < list_actually.size(); i++) {
                        actuallyWeather = list_actually.get(i);
                        actuallyWeather.setCityLevel(cityLevel);
                        actuallyWeather.setCountyLevel(countyLevel);
                        //预报时间
                        if (StringUtils.isNotEmpty(actuallyWeather.getForecastTime())) {
                            map.put("forecastTime", actuallyWeather.getForecastTime());
                        }
                        //地名
                        if (StringUtils.isNotEmpty(actuallyWeather.getPlaceName())) {
                            map.put("placeName", actuallyWeather.getPlaceName());
                        }
                        String actuallyWeatherId = actuallyWeatherManager.findIdByParams(map);
                        map = new HashMap<String, Object>();
                        if (StringUtils.isNotEmpty(actuallyWeatherId)) {
                            actuallyWeather.setId(actuallyWeatherId);
                            actuallyWeatherManager.updateWeather(actuallyWeather);
                        }else {
                            actuallyWeatherManager.save(actuallyWeather);
                        }
                    }
                    for (int i = 0; i < list_forecast.size(); i++) {
                        actuallyForecastWeather = list_forecast.get(i);
                        actuallyForecastWeather.setCityLevel(cityLevel);
                        actuallyForecastWeather.setCountyLevel(countyLevel);
                        //预报时间
                        if (StringUtils.isNotEmpty(actuallyForecastWeather.getForecastTime())) {
                            map.put("forecastTime", actuallyForecastWeather.getForecastTime());
                        }
                        //地名
                        if (StringUtils.isNotEmpty(actuallyForecastWeather.getPlaceName())) {
                            map.put("placeName", actuallyForecastWeather.getPlaceName());
                        }
                        String actuallyForecastWeatherId = actuallyForecastWeatherManager.findIdByParams(map);
                        map = new HashMap<String, Object>();
                        if (StringUtils.isNotEmpty(actuallyForecastWeatherId)) {
                            actuallyForecastWeather.setId(actuallyForecastWeatherId);
                            actuallyForecastWeatherManager.updateForecastWeather(actuallyForecastWeather);
                        }else {
                            actuallyForecastWeatherManager.save(actuallyForecastWeather);
                        }
                    }
                    
                } catch (Exception e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        }
    }

    

    public ActuallyWeatherManager getActuallyWeatherManager() {
        return actuallyWeatherManager;
    }

    public void setActuallyWeatherManager(
            ActuallyWeatherManager actuallyWeatherManager) {
        this.actuallyWeatherManager = actuallyWeatherManager;
    }

    public ActuallyWeather getActuallyWeather() {
        return actuallyWeather;
    }

    public void setActuallyWeather(ActuallyWeather actuallyWeather) {
        this.actuallyWeather = actuallyWeather;
    }



    public Map<String, Object> getMap() {
        return map;
    }



    public void setMap(Map<String, Object> map) {
        this.map = map;
    }



    public ActuallyForecastWeatherManager getActuallyForecastWeatherManager() {
        return actuallyForecastWeatherManager;
    }



    public void setActuallyForecastWeatherManager(
            ActuallyForecastWeatherManager actuallyForecastWeatherManager) {
        this.actuallyForecastWeatherManager = actuallyForecastWeatherManager;
    }



    public ActuallyForecastWeather getActuallyForecastWeather() {
        return actuallyForecastWeather;
    }



    public void setActuallyForecastWeather(
            ActuallyForecastWeather actuallyForecastWeather) {
        this.actuallyForecastWeather = actuallyForecastWeather;
    }


    
    
}

（2）工具类，主要为一些执行查询数据的实现方法

package com.jointsky.jointframe.weather.utils;

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
import java.net.URL;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.regex.Matcher;
import java.util.regex.Pattern;

import org.apache.commons.lang.StringUtils;

import com.jointsky.jointframe.weather.entity.ActuallyForecastWeather;
import com.jointsky.jointframe.weather.entity.ActuallyWeather;
/**
 * <p>Description:实况天气资料工具类</p>*/
public class UrlInfo {
    
    /**
     *  生成一个Pattern,同时编译一个正则表达式 
     */
    private static Pattern proInfo = Pattern.compile("<font>(.*?)</font>", Pattern.DOTALL);
    
    /**
     * 宁夏区县编码（总乡镇数190）
     * 银川{市辖区（11个乡镇）：53614；贺兰县（7）：53610；永宁县（8）：53618；灵武市（8）：53619}
     */
    private static String countyCodes = "53614,53610,53618,53619";
        
    /**
     * 获取实况天气（当天）数据的方法
     * @param urlInfo
     * @param charset
     * @return
     * @throws Exception
     */
    public static List<ActuallyWeather> getURLInfoOfActully(String urlInfo,String charset) throws Exception {
        String info = getUrlInfo(urlInfo);
        //获得网页源码(0是当天)
        return getDataStructure(info,0);
    }
    
    /**
     * 获取实况天气（预报）数据的方法
     * @param urlInfo
     * @param charset
     * @return
     * @throws Exception
     */
    public static List<ActuallyForecastWeather> getURLInfoOfForecast(String urlInfo,String charset) throws Exception {
        String info = getUrlInfo(urlInfo);
        //获得网页源码（1是预报）
        return getDataStructure(info,1);
    }
    
    /**
     * 网页信息
     * @param urlInfo
     * @return
     * @throws Exception
     */
    public static String getUrlInfo(String urlInfo) throws Exception {
        //读取目的网页URL地址，获取网页源码
        URL url = new URL(urlInfo);
        HttpURLConnection httpUrl = (HttpURLConnection)url.openConnection();
        InputStream is = httpUrl.getInputStream();
        BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(is,"utf-8"));
        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
        String line;
        while ((line = br.readLine()) != null) {
            //这里是对链接进行处理
            line = line.replaceAll("</?a[^>]*>", "");
            //这里是对样式进行处理
            line = line.replaceAll("<(\w+)[^>]*>", "<$1>");
            sb.append(line);
        }
        is.close();
        br.close();
        return sb.toString().trim();
    }
    
    private static List getDataStructure(String str,int j) {
        //运用正则表达式对获取的网页源码进行数据匹配，提取我们所要的数据，在以后的过程中，我们可以采用httpclient+jsoup,
        //现在暂时运用正则表达式对数据进行抽取提取
        //String[] info = str.split("</li>");
        SimpleDateFormat sf = new SimpleDateFormat("HH");
        Date dateTime = new Date();
        String hour = sf.format(dateTime);
        Integer h = Integer.parseInt(hour);
        int t = 0;
        //如果十二点之前当天会有四个时间段模块（今天上午6~12；今天下午12~18；今天前半夜18~24；今天后半夜次日00~06）
        if (h<=12) {
            t=4;
        //如果十二点之后十八点之前当天会有三个时间段模块（今天下午12~18；今天前半夜18~24；今天后半夜次日00~06）
        }else if (12<h&&h<=18) {
            t=3;
        //如果十八点之后当天会有两个时间段模块（今天前半夜18~24；今天后半夜次日00~06）
        }else if(h>18) {
            t=2;
        }
        String[] info = str.split("<th>");
        List<ActuallyWeather> list_actually = new ArrayList<ActuallyWeather>();
        List<ActuallyForecastWeather> list_forecast = new ArrayList<ActuallyForecastWeather>();
        SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd");
        //当t的值是几的时候相应的当天的天气数据就还剩下几个模块，k就是用来控制第几个模块数据的参数
        int k = 0;
        for (String s : info) {
            //这个Pattern对象将会使用matcher()方法来生成一个Matcher实例，接着便可以使用该 Matcher实例以编译的正则表达式为基础对目标字符串进行匹配工作，多个Matcher是可以共用一个Pattern对象的。
            Matcher m = proInfo.matcher(s);
            ActuallyWeather actually = null;
            ActuallyForecastWeather forecast = null;
            //使用find()方法查找第一个匹配的对象 
            if (m.find()) {
                actually = new ActuallyWeather();
                forecast = new ActuallyForecastWeather();
                //返回与组匹配的子串内容
                String[] ss = m.group(1).trim().replace(" ", "").split(">");
                
                if ("风力".equals(ss[0])) {
                    k++;
                    String[] strsss = s.split("<td>");
                    int i = 0;
                    if (k<=t&&j==0) {
                        actually = new ActuallyWeather();
                        for (String ss1 : strsss) {
                            Matcher mm = proInfo.matcher(ss1);
                            if (mm.find()) {
                                //设置产品型号
                                String[] sss = mm.group(1).trim().replace(" ", "").split(">");
                                if (i%4==1) {
                                    actually.setPlaceName(sss[0]);
                                }else if (i%4==2) {
                                    actually.setWeatherStatus(sss[0]);
                                }else if (i%4==3) {
                                    String temp = sss[0];
                                    String[] temps = temp.split("/");
                                    actually.setMaxTemperature(temps[0]+"℃");
                                    actually.setMinTemperature(temps[1]);
                                }else if (i%4==0&&i!=0) {
                                    actually.setWindPower(sss[0]);
                                }
                            }
                            if (i%4==0&&i!=0) {
                                Date date = new Date();
                                //发布日期
                                actually.setPubTime(sdf.format(date));
                                //前四模块数据从当天早上七点开始加六个小时
                                //date = new Date(date.getTime() + (k-1)*21600000);
                                int p = 0;
                                //t是当日数据剩余次数；k是当前循环次数
                                if ((t-k)==3) {
                                    p = 6;
                                }else if ((t-k)==2) {
                                    p = 12;
                                }else if ((t-k)==1) {
                                    p = 18;
                                }else if ((t-k)==0) {
                                    p = 24;
                                }
                                
                                //次日凌晨
                                if (24==p) {
                                    Date time = new Date(date.getTime() + 86400000);
                                    actually.setForecastTime(sdf.format(time)+" 00");
                                }else if (p<10) {
                                    actually.setForecastTime(sdf.format(date)+" 0"+p);
                                }else if (p>10&&p!=24) {
                                    actually.setForecastTime(sdf.format(date)+" "+p);
                                }
                                list_actually.add(actually);
                                actually=new ActuallyWeather();
                            }
                            
                            i++;
                        }
                    }else if (k>t&&j==1) {
                        forecast = new ActuallyForecastWeather();
                        for (String ss1 : strsss) {
                            Matcher mm = proInfo.matcher(ss1);
                            if (mm.find()) {
                                //设置产品型号
                                String[] sss = mm.group(1).trim().replace(" ", "").split(">");
                                if (i%4==1) {
                                    forecast.setPlaceName(sss[0]);
                                }else if (i%4==2) {
                                    forecast.setWeatherStatus(sss[0]);
                                }else if (i%4==3) {
                                    String temp = sss[0];
                                    String[] temps = temp.split("/");
                                    forecast.setMaxTemperature(temps[0]+"℃");
                                    forecast.setMinTemperature(temps[1]);
                                }else if (i%4==0&&i!=0) {
                                    forecast.setWindPower(sss[0]);
                                }
                            }
                            if (i%4==0&&i!=0) {
                                Date date = new Date();
                                //发布日期
                                forecast.setPubTime(sdf.format(date));
                                //从第五个模块数据开始数据是从次日凌晨开始每下一组比上一组晚24小时
                                date = new Date(date.getTime() + (k-t)*86400000);
                                forecast.setForecastTime(sdf.format(date)+" 00");
                                list_forecast.add(forecast);
                                forecast=new ActuallyForecastWeather();
                            }
                            
                            i++;
                        }
                    }

                    
                }
            }
        }
        if (0==j) {
            return list_actually;
        }else if (1==j) {
            return list_forecast;
        }
        return null;
    }

    /**
     * 生成url
     * @param countyCode
     * @return
     * @throws Exception
     */
    public static String getUrl(String countyCode) throws Exception {
        String url = "http://3g.nx121.com/pc/tqybxzb.aspx";
        if (StringUtils.isNotEmpty(countyCode)) {
            url = url + "?sd="+countyCode;
        }
        return url;
    }
    
    /**
     * 根据城市编码查询所属市级和区县级行政区
     * @param countyCode
     * @return
     * @throws Exception
     */
    public static Map<String, Object> getDistrict(String countyCode) throws Exception {
        
        Map<String, Object> map = new HashMap<String, Object>();
        if ("53614".equals(countyCode)) {
            //市级行政区
            map.put("cityLevel", "银川市");
            //区县级行政区
            map.put("countyLevel", "市辖区");
        }else if ("53610".equals(countyCode)) {
            //市级行政区
            map.put("cityLevel", "银川市");
            //区县级行政区
            map.put("countyLevel", "贺兰县");
        }else if ("53618".equals(countyCode)) {
            //市级行政区
            map.put("cityLevel", "银川市");
            //区县级行政区
            map.put("countyLevel", "永宁县");
        }else if ("53619".equals(countyCode)) {
            //市级行政区
            map.put("cityLevel", "银川市");
            //区县级行政区
            map.put("countyLevel", "灵武市");
        }        
        return map;
    }
    
    public static Pattern getProInfo() {
        return proInfo;
    }

    public static void setProInfo(Pattern proInfo) {
        UrlInfo.proInfo = proInfo;
    }

    public static String getCountyCodes() {
        return countyCodes;
    }

    public static void setCountyCodes(String countyCodes) {
        UrlInfo.countyCodes = countyCodes;
    }
    
}

（3）实体类，用于存放数据的bean

package com.jointsky.jointframe.weather.entity;

import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Table;

import org.apache.commons.lang.builder.EqualsBuilder;
import org.apache.commons.lang.builder.HashCodeBuilder;
import org.apache.commons.lang.builder.ToStringBuilder;
import org.apache.commons.lang.builder.ToStringStyle;
import org.hibernate.annotations.Cache;
import org.hibernate.annotations.CacheConcurrencyStrategy;

import com.jointsky.jointframe.core.entity.IdEntity;

/**
 * <p>Description:实况天气资料(当天)Entity类</p>*/
@Entity
@Table(name = "t_actually_weather")
@Cache(usage = CacheConcurrencyStrategy.READ_WRITE)
public class ActuallyWeather extends IdEntity {

    /**
     * 
     */
    private static final long serialVersionUID = -5324072662712469478L;
    
    /**
     * 市级行政区（名称）
     */
    private String cityLevel;
    
    /**
     * 区县级行政区名（名称）
     */
    private String countyLevel;

    /**
     * 发布时间
     */
    private String pubTime;
    
    /**
     * 地名
     */
    private String placeName;
    
    /**
     * 天气状态：多云、晴、小雨......
     */
    private String weatherStatus;
    
    /**
     * 最高温度
     */
    private String maxTemperature; 
    
    /**
     * 最低温度
     */
    private String minTemperature;
    
    /**
     * 风力
     */
    private String windPower;
    
    /**
     * 预报时间
     */
    private String forecastTime;
    

    @Column(name="pub_time",length=50)
    public String getPubTime() {
        return pubTime;
    }

    public void setPubTime(String pubTime) {
        this.pubTime = pubTime;
    }

    @Column(name="place_name",length=50)
    public String getPlaceName() {
        return placeName;
    }

    public void setPlaceName(String placeName) {
        this.placeName = placeName;
    }

    @Column(name="weather_status",length=50)
    public String getWeatherStatus() {
        return weatherStatus;
    }

    public void setWeatherStatus(String weatherStatus) {
        this.weatherStatus = weatherStatus;
    }

    @Column(name="max_temperature",length=50)
    public String getMaxTemperature() {
        return maxTemperature;
    }

    public void setMaxTemperature(String maxTemperature) {
        this.maxTemperature = maxTemperature;
    }

    @Column(name="min_temperature",length=50)
    public String getMinTemperature() {
        return minTemperature;
    }

    public void setMinTemperature(String minTemperature) {
        this.minTemperature = minTemperature;
    }

    @Column(name="wind_power",length=50)
    public String getWindPower() {
        return windPower;
    }

    public void setWindPower(String windPower) {
        this.windPower = windPower;
    }

    public static long getSerialversionuid() {
        return serialVersionUID;
    }
    
    @Column(name="forecast_time",length=50)
    public String getForecastTime() {
        return forecastTime;
    }

    public void setForecastTime(String forecastTime) {
        this.forecastTime = forecastTime;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return  new ToStringBuilder(this, ToStringStyle.MULTI_LINE_STYLE)
            .append("id", id).toString();
    }
    
    @Column(name="city_level",length=50)
    public String getCityLevel() {
        return cityLevel;
    }

    public void setCityLevel(String cityLevel) {
        this.cityLevel = cityLevel;
    }

    @Column(name="county_level",length=50)
    public String getCountyLevel() {
        return countyLevel;
    }

    public void setCountyLevel(String countyLevel) {
        this.countyLevel = countyLevel;
    }

    //MeetingArrangement是当前实体
    @Override
    public boolean equals(Object o) {
        boolean equal = false;
        if (o != null && ActuallyWeather.class.isAssignableFrom(o.getClass())) {
            ActuallyWeather actuallyWeather = (ActuallyWeather) o;
            equal = (new EqualsBuilder().append(this.id, actuallyWeather.id)).isEquals();
        }
        return equal;
    }
    
    @Override
    public int hashCode() {
        return new HashCodeBuilder(17, 37).append(id).toHashCode();
    }
}

预报实体类和当天的字段完全一致，不过表名不一致。

参考文档：http://www.cnblogs.com/shuilangyizu/p/6595588.html