串口通信程序是很多需要了解的，作为一个新手，按照网上的教程编写成功了，所以准备写下来保存，也许也能帮到别人，觉得这是一件很有意义的事。言归正传，这是窗口应用程序，下面图片是利用窗口控件所设计的界面。主要就是了解一下串口通信的机制。主要能够实现发送数据和接收数据的功能。控件不熟悉的就去网上查找和学习。
下面是源代码:
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Windows.Forms;
using System.IO.Ports;
namespace SerialPortTest
{
public partial class Form1 : Form
{
public Form1()
{
InitializeComponent();
}
SerialPort sp1 = new SerialPort(); //这个是定义的全局变量；
private void Form1_Load(object sender, EventArgs e) //窗体加载
{
string[] str = SerialPort.GetPortNames();//检查是否含有串口
if (str == null)
{
MessageBox.Show("本机没有串口！", "Error");
return;
}
foreach (string s in System.IO.Ports.SerialPort.GetPortNames()) //添加串口
{
cbSerial.Items.Add(s); //获取有多少个COM口，添加到控件里
}
cbBaudRate.Items.Add("9600"); //对波特率，数据位，停止伟这几个控件里面的值进行初始化显示 这样就可以避免我们调试时反复的对他们进行输入
cbDataBits.Items.Add("8");
cbStop.Items.Add("1");
cbParity.Items.Add("无");
cbSerial.SelectedIndex = 0; //获取或是指当前选定项的索引//串口设置默认选择项
cbBaudRate.SelectedIndex = 0;
cbDataBits.SelectedIndex = 0;
cbStop.SelectedIndex = 0;
cbParity.SelectedIndex = 0;
radio1.Checked = true; //发送数据的“16进制”单选按钮
rbRcvStr.Checked = true;
Control.CheckForIllegalCrossThreadCalls = false;
sp1.DataReceived += new SerialDataReceivedEventHandler(sp1_DataReceived); //订阅委托
}
private void btnSwitch_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
//SerialPort sp1 = new SerialPort();
if (!sp1.IsOpen)
{
try
{
string serialName = cbSerial.SelectedItem.ToString();//设置串口号
sp1.PortName = serialName;
//设置各“串口设置”
string strBaudRate = cbBaudRate.Text;
string strDateBits = cbDataBits.Text;
string strStopBits = cbStop.Text;
Int32 iBaudRate = Convert.ToInt32(strBaudRate);
Int32 iDateBits = Convert.ToInt32(strDateBits);
sp1.BaudRate = iBaudRate; //波特率
sp1.DataBits = iDateBits; //数据位
switch (cbStop.Text) //停止位
{
case "1":
sp1.StopBits = StopBits.One;
break;
case "1.5":
sp1.StopBits = StopBits.OnePointFive;
break;
case "2":
sp1.StopBits = StopBits.Two;
break;
default:
MessageBox.Show("Error：参数不正确!", "Error");
break;
}
switch (cbParity.Text) //校验位
{
case "无":
sp1.Parity = Parity.None;
break;
case "奇校验":
sp1.Parity = Parity.Odd;
break;
case "偶校验":
sp1.Parity = Parity.Even;
break;
default:
MessageBox.Show("Error：参数不正确!", "Error");
break;
}
if (sp1.IsOpen == true)//如果打开状态，则先关闭一下
{
sp1.Close();
}
//状态栏设置
tsSpNum.Text = "串口号：" + sp1.PortName + "|";
tsBaudRate.Text = "波特率：" + sp1.BaudRate + "|";
tsDataBits.Text = "数据位：" + sp1.DataBits + "|";
tsStopBits.Text = "停止位：" + sp1.StopBits + "|";
tsParity.Text = "校验位：" + sp1.Parity + "|";
//设置必要控件不可用
cbSerial.Enabled = false;
cbBaudRate.Enabled = false;
cbDataBits.Enabled = false;
cbStop.Enabled = false;
cbParity.Enabled = false;
sp1.Open(); //打开串口
btnSwitch.Text = "关闭串口";
}
catch (System.Exception ex)
{
MessageBox.Show("Error:" + ex.Message, "Error");
return;
}
}
else
{
//状态栏设置
tsSpNum.Text = "串口号：未指定|";
tsBaudRate.Text = "波特率：未指定|";
tsDataBits.Text = "数据位：未指定|";
tsStopBits.Text = "停止位：未指定|";
tsParity.Text = "校验位：未指定|";
//恢复控件功能
//设置必要控件不可用
cbSerial.Enabled = true;
cbBaudRate.Enabled = true;
cbDataBits.Enabled = true;
cbStop.Enabled = true;
cbParity.Enabled = true;
sp1.Close(); //关闭串口
btnSwitch.Text = "打开串口";
}
}
private void btnSend_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) //等待修改
{
if (!sp1.IsOpen) //如果没打开
{
MessageBox.Show("请先打开串口！", "Error");
return;
}
String strSend = txtSend.Text;
if (radio1.Checked == true) //“16进制发送” 按钮
{
//处理数字转换，目的是将输入的字符按空格、“，”等分组，以便发送数据时的方便（此处转的比较麻烦，有高见者，请指点！）
string sendBuf = strSend;
string sendnoNull = sendBuf.Trim();
string sendNOComma = sendnoNull.Replace(',', ' '); //去掉英文逗号
string sendNOComma1 = sendNOComma.Replace('，', ' '); //去掉中文逗号
string strSendNoComma2 = sendNOComma1.Replace("0x", ""); //去掉0x
strSendNoComma2.Replace("0X", ""); //去掉0X
string[] strArray = strSendNoComma2.Split(' ');
int byteBufferLength = strArray.Length;
for (int i = 0; i <strArray.Length;i++)
{
if (strArray[i]=="")
{
byteBufferLength--;
}
}
byte[] byteBuffer = new byte[byteBufferLength];
int ii = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < strArray.Length; i++) //对获取的字符做相加运算
{
Byte[] bytesOfStr = Encoding.Default.GetBytes(strArray[i]);
int decNum = 0;
if (strArray[i] == "")
{
continue;
}
else
{
decNum = Convert.ToInt32(strArray[i], 16); //strArray[i] == 12时，temp == 18
}
try //防止输错，使其只能输入一个字节的字符，即只能在txtSend里输入 “eb 90”等字符串，不能输入“123 2345”等超出字节范围的数字
{
byteBuffer[ii] = Convert.ToByte(decNum);
}
catch (System.Exception ex)
{
MessageBox.Show("字节越界，请逐个字节输入！", "Error");
return;
}
ii++;
}
sp1.Write(byteBuffer, 0, byteBuffer.Length);
}
else //以字符串形式发送时
{
sp1.WriteLine(txtSend.Text); //写入数据
}
}
void sp1_DataReceived(object sender, SerialDataReceivedEventArgs e)
{
if (sp1.IsOpen) //严谨性
{
byte[] byteRead = new byte[sp1.BytesToRead]; //BytesToRead:sp1接收的字符个数
if (radio2.Checked) //'发送字符串'单选按钮
{
txtRcv.Text += sp1.ReadLine() + "
"; //注意：回车换行必须这样写，单独使用"
"和"
"都不会有效果
sp1.DiscardInBuffer(); //清空SerialPort控件的Buffer
}
else //'发送16进制按钮'
{
try
{
Byte[] receivedData = new Byte[sp1.BytesToRead]; //创建接收字节数组
sp1.Read(receivedData, 0, receivedData.Length); //读取数据
sp1.DiscardInBuffer(); //清空SerialPort控件的Buffer
string strRcv = null;
for (int i = 0; i < receivedData.Length; i++) //窗体显示
{
strRcv += receivedData[i].ToString("X2"); //16进制显示
}
txtRcv.Text += strRcv + "
";
}
catch (System.Exception ex)
{
MessageBox.Show(ex.Message, "出错提示");
txtSend.Text = "";
}
}
}
else
{
MessageBox.Show("请打开某个串口", "错误提示");
}
DateTime dt = DateTime.Now;
//txtRcv.Text += dt.GetDateTimeFormats('f')[0].ToString() + "
";
//txtRcv.SelectAll();
//txtRcv.SelectionColor = Color.Blue; //改变字体的颜色
}
private void btnClear_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
//comboBox1.Items.Clear();
txtRcv.Clear();
// foreach (Control ctrl in Controls)//或为groupBox1.Controls/panel1.Controls 可以做判断
//{
// if (ctrl is TextBox)
// ctrl.Text = "";
//}
}
private void btnExit_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
Application.Exit();
}
}
}