lnmp环境搭建

一、安装软件版本

　　1、MySQL5.5.17

　　2、nginx1.6.2

　　3、php5.3

#! /bin/sh
### BEGIN INIT INFO
# Provides:          php-fpm
# Required-Start:    $remote_fs $network
# Required-Stop:     $remote_fs $network
# Default-Start:     2 3 4 5
# Default-Stop:      0 1 6
# Short-Description: starts php-fpm
# Description:       starts the PHP FastCGI Process Manager daemon
### END INIT INFO

prefix=/usr/local/php
exec_prefix=${prefix}

php_fpm_BIN=${exec_prefix}/sbin/php-fpm
php_fpm_CONF=${prefix}/etc/php-fpm.conf
php_fpm_PID=${prefix}/var/run/php-fpm.pid

php_opts="--fpm-config $php_fpm_CONF --pid $php_fpm_PID"

wait_for_pid () {
        try=0

        while test $try -lt 35 ; do

                case "$1" in
                        'created')
                        if [ -f "$2" ] ; then
                                try=''
                                break
                        fi
                        ;;

                        'removed')
                        if [ ! -f "$2" ] ; then
                                try=''
                                break
                        fi
                        ;;
                esac

                echo -n .
                try=`expr $try + 1`
                sleep 1

        done

}

case "$1" in
        start)
                echo -n "Starting php-fpm "

                $php_fpm_BIN --daemonize $php_opts

                if [ "$?" != 0 ] ; then
                        echo " failed"
                        exit 1
                fi

                wait_for_pid created $php_fpm_PID

                if [ -n "$try" ] ; then
                        echo " failed"
                        exit 1
                else
                        echo " done"
                fi
        ;;

        stop)
                echo -n "Gracefully shutting down php-fpm "

                if [ ! -r $php_fpm_PID ] ; then
                        echo "warning, no pid file found - php-fpm is not running ?"
                        exit 1
                fi

                kill -QUIT `cat $php_fpm_PID`

                wait_for_pid removed $php_fpm_PID

                if [ -n "$try" ] ; then
                        echo " failed. Use force-quit"
                        exit 1
                else
                        echo " done"
                fi
        ;;

        force-quit)
                echo -n "Terminating php-fpm "
        ;;

        restart)
                $0 stop
                $0 start
        ;;

        reload)

                echo -n "Reload service php-fpm "

                if [ ! -r $php_fpm_PID ] ; then
                        echo "warning, no pid file found - php-fpm is not running ?"
                        exit 1
                fi

                kill -USR2 `cat $php_fpm_PID`

                echo " done"
        ;;

        *)
                echo "Usage: $0 {start|stop|force-quit|restart|reload}"
                exit 1
        ;;

esac

1）安装MySQL

　　说明：在MySQL5.5这个版本中之后使用的是cmake编译，所以在安装MySQL之前一定要检查自己的服务器上是否安装了cmake。

源代码安装cmake：安装，解压缩、进入目录、./bootstrap，make && make install

yum安装：yum -y instll cmake*

a、首先需要创建一个用户组和用户名，因为在Linux中，运行每一个服务都是要以一个用户的身份来运行和管理的。

groupadd mysql
useradd -g mysql -s /usr/sbin/nologin mysql  

 b、创建MySQL安装目录

groupadd mysql
useradd -g mysql -s /usr/sbin/nologin mysql
mkdir /usr/local/mysql
mkdir /usr/local/mysql/data
cd /usr/local/src
tar zxvf mysql-5.5.17.tar.gz
cd mysql-5.5.17

#在这编译的过程中可能会出现openSsl,ncurses-devel等安装包的依赖性，只要yum安装这些包就可以
cmake -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql -DMYSQL_DATADIR=/usr/local/mysql/data -DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 -DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_unicode_ci -DWITH_READLINE=1 -DWITH_SSL=system -DWITH_EMBEDDED_SERVER=1 -DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 -DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci -DWITH_MYISAM_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITH_DEBUG=0

make && make install

 c、安装成功就会出现my-medium.cnf，拷贝配置文件到/etc目录下　　　　

cp /usr/local/src/mysql-5.5.17/support-files/my-medium.cnf  /etc/my.cnf　

d、设置权限

chmod +x /usr/local/mysql
chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql

 e、设置开机自启动

cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
chmod +x /etc/init.d/mysqld
chkconfig --add mysqld
chkconfig mysqld on

 f、修改配置文件

vim /etc/my.cnf
# [mysqld] 添加：
datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
default-storage-engine=Innodb

 
# 初始化数据库
/usr/local/mysql/scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data &
 
# 启动MySQL
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe –defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf &
或者：
/etc/init.d/mysqld start （service mysqld start）

# 测试MySQL是否启动
# 1）查看是否有进程mysql
ps -ef | grep mysql
# 2）查看端口是否运行
netstat -tnl | grep 3306
# 3）读取mysql版本信息
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin version
# 4) 登录mysql
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -u root
#修改MySQL密码
update user set password=PASSWORD("") where user='root';
flush privileges;
# 至此，MySQL安装完成

2）安装nginx

a、nginx安装需要pcre库的支持，首先是要安装这个库文件

yum -y install pcre*

 b、安装nginx

./configure --user=www --group=www --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_ssl_module
make && make install

 c、将nginx当做系统一个服务来运行

vim /etc/init.d/nginx
#!/bin/sh 
# 
# nginx - this script starts and stops the nginx daemon 
# 
# chkconfig:   - 85 15 
# description: Nginx is an HTTP(S) server, HTTP(S) reverse  
#               proxy and IMAP/POP3 proxy server 
# processname: nginx 
# config:      /etc/nginx/nginx.conf 
# config:      /etc/sysconfig/nginx 
# pidfile:     /var/run/nginx.pid 

# Source function library. 
. /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions

# Source networking configuration. 
. /etc/sysconfig/network

# Check that networking is up. 
[ "$NETWORKING" = "no" ] && exit 0

nginx="/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx"
prog=$(basename $nginx)

NGINX_CONF_FILE="/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf"

[ -f /etc/sysconfig/nginx ] && . /etc/sysconfig/nginx

lockfile=/var/lock/subsys/nginx

start() {
    [ -x $nginx ] || exit 5
    [ -f $NGINX_CONF_FILE ] || exit 6
    echo -n $"Starting $prog: " 
    daemon $nginx -c $NGINX_CONF_FILE
    retval=$?
    echo 
    [ $retval -eq 0 ] && touch $lockfile
    return $retval
}

stop() {
    echo -n $"Stopping $prog: " 
    killproc $prog -QUIT
    retval=$?
    echo 
    [ $retval -eq 0 ] && rm -f $lockfile
    return $retval
killall -9 nginx
}

restart() {
    configtest || return $?
    stop
    sleep 1
    start
}

reload() {
    configtest || return $?
    echo -n $"Reloading $prog: " 
    killproc $nginx -HUP
RETVAL=$?
    echo 
}

force_reload() {
    restart
}

configtest() {
$nginx -t -c $NGINX_CONF_FILE
}

rh_status() {
    status $prog
}

rh_status_q() {
    rh_status >/dev/null 2>&1
}

case "$1" in
    start)
        rh_status_q && exit 0
    $1
        ;;
    stop)
        rh_status_q || exit 0
        $1
        ;;
    restart|configtest)
        $1
        ;;
    reload)
        rh_status_q || exit 7
        $1
        ;;
    force-reload)
        force_reload
        ;;
    status)
        rh_status
        ;;
    condrestart|try-restart)
        rh_status_q || exit 0
            ;;
    *)
      echo $"Usage: $0 {start|stop|status|restart|condrestart|try-restart|reload|force-reload|configtest}" 
        exit 2
esac

#加执行的权限
chmod +x /etc/init.d/nginx

d、将nginx加到系统服务

chkconfig --add nginx
chkconfig nginx on

3）安装php

 注意：这个php的安装时将php以一个进程来运行，在Apache中，是将php当做是Apache的一个模块来运行，所以在编译的时候要php支持php-fpm

一、/*******************************   安装GD库  ****************************/
 
1）jpeg6
mkdir -p /usr/local/jpeg6 
mkdir -p /usr/local/jpeg6/bin 
mkdir -p /usr/local/jpeg6/lib 
mkdir -p /usr/local/jpeg6/include 
mkdir -p /usr/local/jpeg6/man 
mkdir -p /usr/local/jpeg6/man1 
mkdir -p /usr/local/jpeg6/man/man1

cd /usr/local/src
tar -zxvf jpegsrc.v6b.tar.gz 
cd jpeg-6b 
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/jpeg6/ --enable-shared --enable-static
make       # 编译完成
make install   # 后续的工作，如复制程序到目标目录，清空缓存等。

2）libpng
cd /usr/local/src
tar -zvxf libpng-1.2.16.tar.gz 
cd libpng-1.2.16 
./configure  //和zlib一样不要带参数，让它默认安装到相应目录
make && make install

3）freetype
cd /usr/local/src
tar -zvxf freetype-2.3.4.tar.gz 
cd freetype-2.3.4
mkdir -p /usr/local/freetype     # 创建目录  -p：创建上级目录  mkdir a/b(如果没有a目录会报错)
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/freetype 
make && make install

4）GD库
cd /usr/local/src
tar -zvxf gd-2.0.35.tar.gz 
mkdir -p /usr/local/gd 
cd gd-2.0.35 
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/gd --with-jpeg=/usr/local/jpeg6/ --with-png --with-zlib --with-freetype=/usr/local/freetype
make && make install (出错的话，再重新配置一遍,执行上一行)





三、/************************ 编译安装 PHP 所需的支持库 *****************************/

cd /usr/local/src
tar zxvf libiconv-1.13.tar.gz
cd libiconv-1.13/
./configure --prefix=/usr/local
make && make install

cd /usr/local/src

#ldconfig是一个动态链接库管理命令，为了让动态链接库为系统所共享

tar zxvf libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gz
cd libmcrypt-2.5.8/
./configure
make && make install

/sbin/ldconfig

cd libltdl/
./configure --enable-ltdl-install
make && make install

cd /usr/local/src
tar zxvf mhash-0.9.9.tar.gz
cd mhash-0.9.9/
./configure
make && make install

# 创建程序库的软连接（直接复制运行就可以）
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.la /usr/lib/libmcrypt.la
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.so /usr/lib/libmcrypt.so
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.so.4 /usr/lib/libmcrypt.so.4
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.so.4.4.8 /usr/lib/libmcrypt.so.4.4.8
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.a /usr/lib/libmhash.a
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.la /usr/lib/libmhash.la
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.so /usr/lib/libmhash.so
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.so.2 /usr/lib/libmhash.so.2
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.so.2.0.1 /usr/lib/libmhash.so.2.0.1
ln -s /usr/local/mysql/lib/libmysqlclient.so.18  /usr/lib/

cd /usr/local/src
tar zxvf mcrypt-2.6.8.tar.gz
cd mcrypt-2.6.8/
/sbin/ldconfig
./configure
make && make install


四、/***************************** 安装PHP5.3（需要前三步都做好之后） *************************************/

cd /usr/local/src
tar zxvf php-5.3.27.tar.gz
cd php-5.3.27

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php/etc --with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql --with-mysqli=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_config --with-iconv-dir=/usr/local --with-freetype-dir=/usr/local/freetype --with-jpeg-dir=/usr/local/jpeg6 --with-png-dir --with-zlib --with-libxml-dir=/usr --enable-xml --disable-rpath --enable-safe-mode --enable-bcmath --enable-shmop --enable-sysvsem --enable-inline-optimization --with-curl --with-curlwrappers --enable-mbregex --enable-fpm --enable-mbstring --with-mcrypt --with-gd=/usr/local/gd --enable-gd-native-ttf --with-openssl --with-mhash --enable-pcntl --enable-sockets --with-ldap --with-ldap-sasl --with-xmlrpc --enable-zip --enable-soap --without-pear

make ZEND_EXTRA_LIBS='-liconv'
make install

//************************************ 配置php的配置文件 ******************************/

cp ./php.ini-production /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini
cd /usr/local/php/etc
cp ./php-fpm.conf.default ./php-fpm.conf

五、/*********************************修改nginx***********************************/

server {
        listen       80 default;
        server_name  localhost;

        #charset koi8-r;

        access_log  logs/default.access.log  main;
        error_log  logs/default.error.log;
        root /usr/local/nginx/html;
        index index.html index.htm index.php;

        location / {
        if (!-e $request_filename){
        rewrite ^(.*)$ /index.php?s=$1 last;break;
        }

        }

        location ~ .+.php($|/) {
        set $script    $uri;
        set $path_info  "/";
        if ($uri ~ "^(.+.php)(/.+)") {
         set $script     $1;
         set $path_info  $2;
        }
        fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
        fastcgi_index  index.php?IF_REWRITE=1;
        include fastcgi_params;
        fastcgi_param PATH_INFO $path_info;
        fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME  $document_root$script;
        fastcgi_param SCRIPT_NAME $script;
        }
}


六、将php制作成系统服务

vim /etc/init.d/php-fpm


#! /bin/sh
### BEGIN INIT INFO
# Provides:          php-fpm
# Required-Start:    $remote_fs $network
# Required-Stop:     $remote_fs $network
# Default-Start:     2 3 4 5
# Default-Stop:      0 1 6
# Short-Description: starts php-fpm
# Description:       starts the PHP FastCGI Process Manager daemon
### END INIT INFO

prefix=/usr/local/php
exec_prefix=${prefix}

php_fpm_BIN=${exec_prefix}/sbin/php-fpm
php_fpm_CONF=${prefix}/etc/php-fpm.conf
php_fpm_PID=${prefix}/var/run/php-fpm.pid

php_opts="--fpm-config $php_fpm_CONF --pid $php_fpm_PID"

wait_for_pid () {
        try=0

        while test $try -lt 35 ; do

                case "$1" in
                        'created')
                        if [ -f "$2" ] ; then
                                try=''
                                break
                        fi
                        ;;

                        'removed')
                        if [ ! -f "$2" ] ; then
                                try=''
                                break
                        fi
                        ;;
                esac

                echo -n .
                try=`expr $try + 1`
                sleep 1

        done

}

case "$1" in
        start)
                echo -n "Starting php-fpm "

                $php_fpm_BIN --daemonize $php_opts

                if [ "$?" != 0 ] ; then
                        echo " failed"
                        exit 1
                fi

                wait_for_pid created $php_fpm_PID

                if [ -n "$try" ] ; then
                        echo " failed"
                        exit 1
                else
                        echo " done"
                fi
        ;;

        stop)
                echo -n "Gracefully shutting down php-fpm "

                if [ ! -r $php_fpm_PID ] ; then
                        echo "warning, no pid file found - php-fpm is not running ?"
                        exit 1
                fi

                kill -QUIT `cat $php_fpm_PID`

                wait_for_pid removed $php_fpm_PID

                if [ -n "$try" ] ; then
                        echo " failed. Use force-quit"
                        exit 1
                else
                        echo " done"
                fi
        ;;

        force-quit)
                echo -n "Terminating php-fpm "
        ;;

        restart)
                $0 stop
                $0 start
        ;;

        reload)

                echo -n "Reload service php-fpm "

                if [ ! -r $php_fpm_PID ] ; then
                        echo "warning, no pid file found - php-fpm is not running ?"
                        exit 1
                fi

                kill -USR2 `cat $php_fpm_PID`

                echo " done"
        ;;

        *)
                echo "Usage: $0 {start|stop|force-quit|restart|reload}"
                exit 1
        ;;

esac

#加权限
chmod +x /etc/init.d/php-fpm
#加入到系统服务
chkconfig --add php-fpm
chkconfig php-fpm on

上面就是lnmp环境的搭建，在这个搭建的过程中，可能会出现安装包的依赖性的问题，但这些解决都是非常简单的，只要看提示那个软件包和库文件没有安装，直接用yum安装即可