• Python操作Excel 之 openpyxl


    一、基础
    1. 安装openpyxl 模块
      pip install openpyxl 或者通过轮子安装
    • font(字体类):字号、字体颜色、下划线等

    • fill(填充类):颜色等

    • border(边框类):设置单元格边框

    • alignment(位置类):对齐方式

    • number_format(格式类):数据格式

    • protection(保护类):写保护

    1.1 创建excel文件
    from openpyxl import Workbook
    wb = Workbook()   #创建文件对象
    
    wb.remove(wb["sheet"])
    
    wb.remove(self.wb["sheet"])  #移除掉第一个sheet
    
    ws = wb.create_sheet("{0}蒸汽压力记录表".format(self.sample_name), 0)
    
    #生成所含列总数的大写字母
    upper_string_list = string.ascii_uppercase[:self.all_col]
    
    wb.save("e:\sample.xlsx")
    
    1.2 操作单元格
    from openpyxl import Workbook
    wb = Workbook()
    ws1 = wb.create_sheet("Mysheet")           #创建一个sheet
    
    ws1["A1"]=123.11
    ws1["B2"]="你好"
    d = ws1.cell(row=4, column=2, value=10)
    
    print ws1["A1"].value
    print ws1["B2"].value
    print d.value
    
    # Save the file
    wb.save("e:\sample.xlsx")
    
    1.3 对多个单元格
    import uuid
    import string
    import json
    import time
    import os
    import base64
    
    from openpyxl.workbook import Workbook
    from openpyxl.styles import Font, Alignment, Side, Border
    
    from Lib.Utils import Utils
    
    class ExportReport:
    
        def __init__(self, start_time, water_temp, test_people,
                     sample_name, pressure_value, pressure_list,*args, **kwargs):
            """
    
            :param start_time: 实验开始时间
            :param water_temp: 水浴温度
            :param test_people: 试验人
            :param sample_name: 样品名称
            :param pressure_value: 最终压力
            :param args: 实验过程压力记录列表
            :param kwargs:
            """
            self.start_time = start_time
            self.water_temp = str(water_temp)+' ℃'
            self.test_people = test_people
            self.sample_name = sample_name
            self.pressure_value = pressure_value
            self.all_col = 5+len(pressure_list) #一共多少列
            self.pressure_record = pressure_list #第六列到最后一列的数据列表
    
            #所有的数据列
            self.data_list = [
                self.start_time, self.water_temp,
                self.test_people,self.sample_name,
                self.pressure_value
            ]
            self.data_list.extend(self.pressure_record)
            self.col_list = ["开始时间", "水浴温度", "测试人", "样品名称", "最终压力值"]
    
            # base64转化为图片
            # self.bs64 = bs64
            # self.img_path = Utils.change_base64_as_img(self.bs64)
    
            self.wb = Workbook()
    
            #self.wb.remove(self.wb["sheet"])
    
            self.ws = self.wb.create_sheet("{0}蒸汽压力记录表".format(self.sample_name), 0)
            #生成所含列总数的大写字母
            self.upper_string_list = string.ascii_uppercase[:self.all_col]
            # 水平对齐,居中对齐
            self.alignment_style = Alignment(horizontal='center', vertical='center')
            #定义border 边框样式
            left, right, top, bottom = [Side(style='thin', color='000000')]*4
            self.border_style = Border(left=left, right=right, top=top, bottom=bottom)
            #定义字体
            self.font_size = Font(size=9)
            for col in self.upper_string_list:
                self.ws.column_dimensions[col].width = 20
    
        #创建表头第一行
        def create_row1(self):
            #把所有列合并
            self.ws.merge_cells(start_row=1, end_row=1, start_column=1, end_column=self.all_col)
            #写入值
            # self.ws.cell(row=1, column=1).value = value
            self.ws.cell(row=1, column=1).value = "{0}蒸汽压力记录表".format(self.sample_name)
            self.ws['A1'].alignment = self.alignment_style
            self.ws['A1'].font = Font(size=16, bold=True)
            self.create_row2_3()
    
        def create_row2_3(self):
            #把前五列,二三行单元格合并,并写入值
            for col in range(1, len(self.col_list)+1):
                self.ws.merge_cells(start_row=2, end_row=3, start_column=col, end_column=col)
                col_str = self.upper_string_list[col-1]+"2"
                self.ws[col_str] = self.col_list[col-1]
                self.ws[col_str].alignment = self.alignment_style
                self.ws[col_str].font = Font(size=12, bold=True)
    
            #把第二行第六列开始到最后列合并
            self.ws.merge_cells(start_row=2, end_row=2, start_column=len(self.col_list)+1, end_column=self.all_col)
            col_str = self.upper_string_list[len(self.col_list)]+"2"
            self.ws[col_str] = "实验过程压力记录"
            self.ws[col_str].alignment = self.alignment_style
            self.ws[col_str].font = Font(size=12, bold=True)
    
            #第三行第六列开始到最后列写入值
            for index, col_ltr in enumerate(self.upper_string_list[5:]):
                col_str = col_ltr+'3'
                self.ws[col_str] = "第{0}次压力记录".format(index+1)
                self.ws[col_str].alignment = self.alignment_style
                self.ws[col_str].font = Font(size=12, bold=True)
    
        def add_data(self):
            #第四行开始写入数据,所有数据居中对齐,水平居中
            for index, col in enumerate(self.upper_string_list):
                col_str = col+"4"
                self.ws[col_str] = self.data_list[index]
                self.ws[col_str].alignment = self.alignment_style
                self.ws[col_str].font = Font(size=12, bold=True)
    
        def create(self,value=None):
            if value:
                self.ws.cell(row=1, column=1).value = value
            self.create_row1()
            self.add_data()
    
        def save(self, filename):
            try:
                self.wb.save(filename)
            except:
                self.wb.save(filename[:-5] + str('_' + Utils.getFileName()) + filename[-5:])
    
            # 关闭excel
            self.close()
    
        def close(self):
            self.wb.close()
    
    if __name__ == '__main__':
        er = ExportReport(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, ['x', 's', 's', 'b','w'])
        er.create()
        er.wb.save('17表.xlsx')
    
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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/shiqi17/p/10739223.html
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