• CentOS和Ubuntu下安装配置Greenplum数据库集群(包括安装包和源码编译安装)


    首先说一下,无论是CentOS/RedHat还是Ubuntu都可以按源码方式、安装包方式编译安装。

    1.   规划

    192.168.4.93(h93)       1个主master  2个主segment、2个镜像segment

    192.168.4.94(h94)       1个备master  2个主segment、2个镜像segment

    都安装在/home/wslu/gp/gpsql目录。

    2.   安装依赖

    在h93和h94安装以下依赖:

    2.1.  Ubuntu

    apt-get install -y git-core
    apt-get install -y gcc g++
    apt-get install -y ccache
    apt-get install -y libreadline-dev
    apt-get install -y bison flex
    apt-get install -y zlib1g-dev
    apt-get install -y openssl libssl-dev
    apt-get install -y libpam-dev
    apt-get install -y libcurl4-dev
    apt-get install -y libbz2-dev
    apt-get install -y python-dev
    apt-get install -y ssh
     
    apt-get install -y libcurl4-dev
    Package libcurl4-dev is a virtual package provided by:
    libcurl4-openssl-dev 7.38.0-4+deb8u2
    libcurl4-nss-dev 7.38.0-4+deb8u2
    libcurl4-gnutls-dev 7.38.0-4+deb8u2
     
    apt-get install -y python-pip
     
    pip install lockfile
    pip install paramiko
    pip install setuptools
    pip install epydoc
    pip install psi
    Note: debian8 required pip install --pre psi

    2.2.  Centos

    yum源要按照我的总结中的设置。

    yum install –y git.x86_64
    yum install –y gcc.x86_64 gcc-c++.x86_64
    yum install –y ccache.x86_64
    yum install readline.x86_64 readline-devel.x86_64
    yum install bison.x86_64 bison-devel.x86_64
    yum install flex.x86_64 flex-devel.x86_64
    yum install zlib.x86_64 zlib-devel.x86_64
    yum install -y openssl.x86_64 openssl-devel.x86_64
    yum install -y pam.x86_64 pam-devel.x86_64
    yum install –y libcurl.x86_64 libcurl-devel.x86_64
    yum install bzip2-libs.x86_64 bzip2.x86_64 bzip2-devel.x86_64
    yum install libssh2.x86_64 libssh2-devel.x86_64
    yum install python-devel.x86_64
    yum install -y python-pip.noarch
     
    接着执行:
    pip install lockfile
    pip install paramiko
    pip install setuptools
    pip install epydoc
    pip install psi
    或者执行:
    yum install python-lockfile.noarch
    yum install python-PSI.x86_64
    yum install python-paramiko.noarch
    yum install python-setuptools.noarch
    yum install epydoc.noarch

    3.   源码安装

    3.1.  克隆源码

    在h93和h94执行:

    $ mkdir /home/wslu/gp/greenplum
    $ cd /home/wslu/gp/greenplum
    $ git clone https://github.com/greenplum-db/gpdb.

    3.2.  编译安装

    在h93和h94执行:

    $ cd /home/wslu/gp/greenplum
    $ CFLAGS+="-O2" ./configure--prefix=/home/wslu/gp/gpsql --enable-debug --enable-depend --enable-cassert
    $ make
    $ make install

    安装时如果遇到某些python包(lockfile、 paramiko、PSI等)找不到,可以参考HAWQ, (源码https://github.com/apache/incubator-hawq)<hawq_src>/tools/bin/pythonSrc/ 下所有的压缩包拷贝到/home/wslu/gp/greenplum/gpMgmt/bin/pythonSrc/ext/ 中,然后再make install即可。

    至此集群源码编译完成。

    4.   安装包安装

    下载greenplum-db-4.3.6.1-build-2-RHEL5-x86_64.zip

    $ unzip greenplum-db-4.3.6.1-build-2-RHEL5-x86_64.zip

    在h93和h94使用普通用户安装:

    $./greenplum-db-4.3.6.1-build-2-RHEL5-x86_64.bin

    安装到 /home/wslu/gp/gpsql

    5.   设置操作系统参数

    在h93和h94执行下述设置:

    5.1.  系统级参数配置

    以下配置需要在root下进行配置,所以需要能够得到root权限。

    首先是防火墙的设置:

    service iptables status    #查看是否开启了防火墙
        service iptables stop       #关闭防火墙
        chkconfig iptables off      #设置开机不会启动防火墙

    其次是ssh的速度设置:

    sed -i 's/^GSS/#&/g' /etc/ssh/sshd_config      #用来加速SSH连接的
        service sshd reload

    内核处理和内存方面的设置:

    # 设置内核参数, 并在启动时生效
    sysctl -p - >>/etc/sysctl.conf <<EOF
    # configurations
    kernel.sysrq=1
    kernel.core_pattern=core
    kernel.core_uses_pid=1
    kernel.msgmnb=65536
    kernel.msgmax=65536
    kernel.msgmni=2048
    kernel.sem=25600 3200000 10000 14200
    net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies=1
    net.ipv4.ip_forward=0
    net.ipv4.conf.default.accept_source_route=0
    net.ipv4.tcp_tw_recycle=1
    net.ipv4.tcp_max_syn_backlog=4096
    net.ipv4.conf.all.arp_filter=1
    net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range=1025 65535
    net.core.netdev_max_backlog=10000
    net.core.rmem_max=2097152
    net.core.wmem_max=2097152
    vm.overcommit_memory=1
    EOF

    如果配置集群时,因为要设置的共享内存大于系统最大共享内存而报错,则可以按照以下官方推荐的设置配置:

    # vi /etc/sysctl.conf
    kernel.shmmax = 500000000
    kernel.shmmni = 4096
    kernel.shmall = 4000000000
    kernel.sem = 250 512000 100 2048
    kernel.sysrq = 1 
    kernel.core_uses_pid = 1 
    kernel.msgmnb = 65536
    kernel.msgmax = 65536
    kernel.msgmni = 2048
    net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies = 1 
    net.ipv4.ip_forward = 0 
    net.ipv4.conf.default.accept_source_route = 0 
    net.ipv4.tcp_tw_recycle = 1 
    net.ipv4.tcp_max_syn_backlog = 4096
    net.ipv4.conf.all.arp_filter = 1 
    net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 1025 65535
    net.core.netdev_max_backlog = 10000
    net.core.rmem_max = 2097152
    net.core.wmem_max = 2097152
    vm.overcommit_memory = 2



    文件读写方面的设置:

    # 设置limits
    cat >>/etc/security/limits.d/99-kingbasedbcloud.conf <<EOF
    #KingbaseDBCloud configurations
    * soft nofile 65536
    * hard nofile 65536
    * soft nproc 131072
    * hard nproc 131072
    EOF

    5.2. 数据库级的参数设置

    GUC参数设置,此设置需要按照实际机器来进行配置,常用的配置有如下几点:

    work_mem=1GB
    shared_buffers=2GB
    max_connections=500
    max_pool_size=2000
    enable_mergejoin=off
    enable_nestloop=off
    max_prepared_transactions=50
    autovacuum=off
    interconnect_setup_timeout=1200

    6.   demo集群

    安装完成后,就可以使用demo集群了。

    执行下面命令即可在本机创建包含3个segment,3个segment-mirror,1个master的集群:

    $ cd /home/wslu/gp/gpsql
    $ source greenplum_path.sh
    $ gpssh-exkeys –h localhost
    $ cd gpAux/gpdemo
    $ make cluster
    $ source gpdemo-env.sh

    如果不想用demo集群,可以直接跳过本小节。

    7.   设置环境变量

    $ source gpsql/greenplum_path.sh
    $ exportMASTER_DATA_DIRECTORY=/home/wslu/gp/gpsql/data/master/gpseg-1

    8.   交换key

    在h93执行:

    $ gpssh-exkeys –h h94

             会提示输入h94的wslu用户的密码。(用户必须和h93相同)

    则h93和h94之间可以无密码登陆了。

    9. 初始化集群

    (1)       在h93和h94执行下述指令,以创建数据目录:

    $ mkdir gpsql/data/primarygpsql/data/mirror gpsql/data/master –p

    (2)       在h93创建配置文件configs/gpinitsystem_config,内容如下:

    ARRAY_NAME="EMC Greenplum DW"
    SEG_PREFIX=gpseg
    PORT_BASE=40000
    declare -a DATA_DIRECTORY=(/home/wslu/gp/gpsql/data/primary /home/wslu/gp/gpsql/data/primary)
    MASTER_HOSTNAME=h93
    MASTER_DIRECTORY=/home/wslu/gp/gpsql/data/master
    MASTER_PORT=5432
    TRUSTED_SHELL=ssh
    CHECK_POINT_SEGMENTS=8
    ENCODING=UNICODE
    MIRROR_PORT_BASE=50000
    REPLICATION_PORT_BASE=41000
    MIRROR_REPLICATION_PORT_BASE=51000
    declare -a MIRROR_DATA_DIRECTORY=(/home/wslu/gp/gpsql/data/mirror /home/wslu/gp/gpsql/data/mirror)

    注意:configs目录是我自己创建的、便于保存自定义配置文件的目录。该步骤的目的是创建一个初始化时要用的配置文件,并没有路径的要求。

    (3)       在h93创建配置文件configs/hostfile_gpinitsystem,内容如下:

    h93
    h94

    注意:configs目录是我自己创建的、便于保存自定义配置文件的目录。该步骤的目的是创建一个初始化时要用的配置文件,并没有路径的要求。

    (4)       在h93执行下述指令初始化集群:

    [wslu@h93 gpsql]$ gpinitsystem -c configs/gpinitsystem_config -h configs/hostfile_gpinitsystem –a
    20160114:14:30:03:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Checking configuration parameters, please wait...
    20160114:14:30:03:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Reading Greenplum configuration file configs/gpinitsystem_config
    20160114:14:30:03:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Locale has not been set in configs/gpinitsystem_config, will set to default value
    20160114:14:30:03:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Locale set to en_US.utf8
    20160114:14:30:03:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-No DATABASE_NAME set, will exit following template1 updates
    20160114:14:30:03:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-MASTER_MAX_CONNECT not set, will set to default value 250
    20160114:14:30:03:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Checking configuration parameters, Completed
    20160114:14:30:04:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Commencing multi-home checks, please wait...
    ..
    20160114:14:30:05:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Configuring build for standard array
    20160114:14:30:05:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Commencing multi-home checks, Completed
    20160114:14:30:05:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Building primary segment instance array, please wait...
    ....
    20160114:14:30:08:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Building group mirror array type , please wait...
    ....
    20160114:14:30:12:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Checking Master host
    20160114:14:30:12:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Checking new segment hosts, please wait...
    ........
    20160114:14:30:28:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Checking new segment hosts, Completed
    20160114:14:30:28:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Greenplum Database Creation Parameters
    20160114:14:30:28:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:---------------------------------------
    20160114:14:30:28:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Master Configuration
    20160114:14:30:28:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:---------------------------------------
    20160114:14:30:28:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Master instance name       = EMC Greenplum DW
    20160114:14:30:28:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Master hostname            = h93
    20160114:14:30:28:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Master port                = 5432
    20160114:14:30:28:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Master instance dir        = /home/wslu/gp/gpsql/data/master/gpseg-1
    20160114:14:30:28:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Master LOCALE              = en_US.utf8
    20160114:14:30:29:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Greenplum segment prefix   = gpseg
    20160114:14:30:29:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Master Database            =
    20160114:14:30:29:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Master connections         = 250
    20160114:14:30:29:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Master buffers             = 128000kB
    20160114:14:30:29:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Segment connections        = 750
    20160114:14:30:29:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Segment buffers            = 128000kB
    20160114:14:30:29:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Checkpoint segments        = 8
    20160114:14:30:29:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Encoding                   = UNICODE
    20160114:14:30:29:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Postgres param file        = Off
    20160114:14:30:29:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Initdb to be used          = /home/wslu/gp/gpsql/bin/initdb
    20160114:14:30:29:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-GP_LIBRARY_PATH is         = /home/wslu/gp/gpsql/lib
    20160114:14:30:29:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Ulimit check               = Passed
    20160114:14:30:29:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Array host connect type    = Single hostname per node
    20160114:14:30:29:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Master IP address [1]      = ::1
    20160114:14:30:29:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Master IP address [2]      = 192.168.4.93
    20160114:14:30:29:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Master IP address [3]      = fe80::225:90ff:fe3b:86c2
    20160114:14:30:29:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Standby Master             = Not Configured
    20160114:14:30:29:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Primary segment #          = 2
    20160114:14:30:29:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Total Database segments    = 4
    20160114:14:30:29:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Trusted shell              = ssh
    20160114:14:30:29:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Number segment hosts       = 2
    20160114:14:30:29:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Mirror port base           = 50000
    20160114:14:30:29:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Replicaton port base       = 41000
    20160114:14:30:29:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Mirror replicaton port base= 51000
    20160114:14:30:29:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Mirror segment #           = 2
    20160114:14:30:29:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Mirroring config           = ON
    20160114:14:30:29:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Mirroring type             = Group
    20160114:14:30:29:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:----------------------------------------
    20160114:14:30:29:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Greenplum Primary Segment Configuration
    20160114:14:30:29:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:----------------------------------------
    20160114:14:30:29:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-h93      /home/wslu/gp/gpsql/data/primary/gpseg0        40000          2          0       41000
    20160114:14:30:29:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-h93      /home/wslu/gp/gpsql/data/primary/gpseg1        40001          3          1       41001
    20160114:14:30:29:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-h94      /home/wslu/gp/gpsql/data/primary/gpseg2        40000          4          2       41000
    20160114:14:30:29:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-h94      /home/wslu/gp/gpsql/data/primary/gpseg3        40001          5          3       41001
    20160114:14:30:29:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:---------------------------------------
    20160114:14:30:29:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Greenplum Mirror Segment Configuration
    20160114:14:30:29:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:---------------------------------------
    20160114:14:30:29:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-h94      /home/wslu/gp/gpsql/data/mirror/gpseg0          50000          6          0       51000
    20160114:14:30:29:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-h94      /home/wslu/gp/gpsql/data/mirror/gpseg1          50001          7          1       51001
    20160114:14:30:29:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-h93      /home/wslu/gp/gpsql/data/mirror/gpseg2          50000          8          2       51000
    20160114:14:30:29:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-h93      /home/wslu/gp/gpsql/data/mirror/gpseg3          50001          9          3       51001
    Continue with Greenplum creation Yy/Nn>
    y
    20160114:14:30:32:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Building the Master instance database, please wait...
    20160114:14:31:08:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Starting the Master in admin mode
    20160114:14:32:01:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Commencing parallel build of primary segment instances
    20160114:14:32:01:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Spawning parallel processes    batch [1], please wait...
    ....
    20160114:14:32:02:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Waiting for parallel processes batch [1], please wait...
    ...........................................................
    20160114:14:33:01:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:------------------------------------------------
    20160114:14:33:01:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Parallel process exit status
    20160114:14:33:01:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:------------------------------------------------
    20160114:14:33:01:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Total processes marked as completed           = 4
    20160114:14:33:01:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Total processes marked as killed              = 0
    20160114:14:33:01:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Total processes marked as failed              = 0
    20160114:14:33:01:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:------------------------------------------------
    20160114:14:33:01:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Commencing parallel build of mirror segment instances
    20160114:14:33:01:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Spawning parallel processes    batch [1], please wait...
    ....
    20160114:14:33:01:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Waiting for parallel processes batch [1], please wait...
    .........................................
    20160114:14:33:43:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:------------------------------------------------
    20160114:14:33:43:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Parallel process exit status
    20160114:14:33:43:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:------------------------------------------------
    20160114:14:33:43:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Total processes marked as completed           = 4
    20160114:14:33:43:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Total processes marked as killed              = 0
    20160114:14:33:43:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Total processes marked as failed              = 0
    20160114:14:33:43:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:------------------------------------------------
    20160114:14:33:43:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Deleting distributed backout files
    20160114:14:33:43:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Removing back out file
    20160114:14:33:43:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-No errors generated from parallel processes
    20160114:14:33:43:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Restarting the Greenplum instance in production mode
    20160114:14:33:43:001932 gpstop:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Starting gpstop with args: -a -i -m -d /home/wslu/gp/gpsql/data/master/gpseg-1
    20160114:14:33:43:001932 gpstop:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Gathering information and validating the environment...
    20160114:14:33:43:001932 gpstop:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Obtaining Greenplum Master catalog information
    20160114:14:33:43:001932 gpstop:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Obtaining Segment details from master...
    20160114:14:33:43:001932 gpstop:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Greenplum Version: 'postgres (Greenplum Database) 4.3.99.00 build dev'
    20160114:14:33:43:001932 gpstop:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-There are 0 connections to the database
    20160114:14:33:43:001932 gpstop:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Commencing Master instance shutdown with mode='immediate'
    20160114:14:33:43:001932 gpstop:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Master host=h93
    20160114:14:33:43:001932 gpstop:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Commencing Master instance shutdown with mode=immediate
    20160114:14:33:43:001932 gpstop:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Master segment instance directory=/home/wslu/gp/gpsql/data/master/gpseg-1
    20160114:14:33:44:001932 gpstop:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Attempting forceful termination of any leftover master process
    20160114:14:33:44:001932 gpstop:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Terminating processes for segment /home/wslu/gp/gpsql/data/master/gpseg-1
    20160114:14:33:45:002019 gpstart:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Starting gpstart with args: -a -d /home/wslu/gp/gpsql/data/master/gpseg-1
    20160114:14:33:45:002019 gpstart:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Gathering information and validating the environment...
    20160114:14:33:45:002019 gpstart:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Greenplum Binary Version: 'postgres (Greenplum Database) 4.3.99.00 build dev'
    20160114:14:33:45:002019 gpstart:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Greenplum Catalog Version: '300701081'
    20160114:14:33:45:002019 gpstart:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Starting Master instance in admin mode
    20160114:14:33:46:002019 gpstart:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Obtaining Greenplum Master catalog information
    20160114:14:33:46:002019 gpstart:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Obtaining Segment details from master...
    20160114:14:33:46:002019 gpstart:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Setting new master era
    20160114:14:33:46:002019 gpstart:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Master Started...
    20160114:14:33:46:002019 gpstart:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Shutting down master
    20160114:14:33:47:002019 gpstart:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Commencing parallel primary and mirror segment instance startup, please wait...
    ........
    20160114:14:33:55:002019 gpstart:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Process results...
    20160114:14:33:55:002019 gpstart:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-----------------------------------------------------
    20160114:14:33:55:002019 gpstart:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-   Successful segment starts                                            = 8
    20160114:14:33:55:002019 gpstart:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-   Failed segment starts                                                = 0
    20160114:14:33:55:002019 gpstart:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-   Skipped segment starts (segments are marked down in configuration)   = 0
    20160114:14:33:55:002019 gpstart:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-----------------------------------------------------
    20160114:14:33:55:002019 gpstart:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-
    20160114:14:33:55:002019 gpstart:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Successfully started 8 of 8 segment instances
    20160114:14:33:55:002019 gpstart:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-----------------------------------------------------
    20160114:14:33:55:002019 gpstart:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Starting Master instance h93 directory /home/wslu/gp/gpsql/data/master/gpseg-1
    20160114:14:33:56:002019 gpstart:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Command pg_ctl reports Master h93 instance active
    20160114:14:33:56:002019 gpstart:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-No standby master configured.  skipping...
    20160114:14:33:56:002019 gpstart:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Database successfully started
    20160114:14:33:59:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Completed restart of Greenplum instance in production mode
    20160114:14:33:59:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Loading gp_toolkit...
    20160114:14:34:02:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Scanning utility log file for any warning messages
    20160114:14:34:02:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Log file scan check passed
    20160114:14:34:02:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Greenplum Database instance successfully created
    20160114:14:34:02:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-------------------------------------------------------
    20160114:14:34:02:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-To complete the environment configuration, please
    20160114:14:34:02:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-update wslu .bashrc file with the following
    20160114:14:34:02:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-1. Ensure that the greenplum_path.sh file is sourced
    20160114:14:34:02:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-2. Add "export MASTER_DATA_DIRECTORY=/home/wslu/gp/gpsql/data/master/gpseg-1"
    20160114:14:34:02:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-   to access the Greenplum scripts for this instance:
    20160114:14:34:02:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-   or, use -d /home/wslu/gp/gpsql/data/master/gpseg-1 option for the Greenplum scripts
    20160114:14:34:02:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-   Example gpstate -d /home/wslu/gp/gpsql/data/master/gpseg-1
    20160114:14:34:02:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Script log file = /home/wslu/gpAdminLogs/gpinitsystem_20160114.log
    20160114:14:34:02:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-To remove instance, run gpdeletesystem utility
    20160114:14:34:02:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-To initialize a Standby Master Segment for this Greenplum instance
    20160114:14:34:02:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Review options for gpinitstandby
    20160114:14:34:02:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-------------------------------------------------------
    20160114:14:34:02:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-The Master /home/wslu/gp/gpsql/data/master/gpseg-1/pg_hba.conf post gpinitsystem
    20160114:14:34:02:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-has been configured to allow all hosts within this new
    20160114:14:34:02:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-array to intercommunicate. Any hosts external to this
    20160114:14:34:02:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-new array must be explicitly added to this file
    20160114:14:34:02:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Refer to the Greenplum Admin support guide which is
    20160114:14:34:02:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-located in the /home/wslu/gp/gpsql/docs directory
    20160114:14:34:02:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-------------------------------------------------------
    [wslu@h93 gpsql]$

    (5)       查看目录结构:

    [wslu@h93 gpsql]$ ls data
    master  mirror  primary
    [wslu@h93 gpsql]$ ls data/master/
    gpseg-1
    [wslu@h93 gpsql]$ ls data/mirror/
    gpseg2  gpseg3
    [wslu@h93 gpsql]$ ls data/primary/
    gpseg0  gpseg1
    [wslu@h93 gpsql]$
     
    [wslu@h94 gpsql]$ ls data/
    master  mirror  primary
    [wslu@h94 gpsql]$ ls data/master/
    [wslu@h94 gpsql]$ ls data/primary/
    gpseg2  gpseg3
    [wslu@h94 gpsql]$ ls data/mirror/
    gpseg0  gpseg1
    [wslu@h94 gpsql]$

    (6)       在h94初始化备master(主备master必须在不同主机,如果要配置单机多节点,则不能配置备master。这是因为目前主备master必须在相同目录,所以必然不同主机):

    [wslu@h93 gpsql]$ gpinitstandby -s h94
    20160114:14:40:47:003933 gpinitstandby:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Validating environment and parameters for standby initialization...
    20160114:14:40:47:003933 gpinitstandby:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Checking for filespace directory /home/wslu/gp/gpsql/data/master/gpseg-1 on h94
    20160114:14:40:47:003933 gpinitstandby:h93:wslu-[INFO]:------------------------------------------------------
    20160114:14:40:47:003933 gpinitstandby:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Greenplum standby master initialization parameters
    20160114:14:40:47:003933 gpinitstandby:h93:wslu-[INFO]:------------------------------------------------------
    20160114:14:40:47:003933 gpinitstandby:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Greenplum master hostname               = h93
    20160114:14:40:47:003933 gpinitstandby:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Greenplum master data directory         = /home/wslu/gp/gpsql/data/master/gpseg-1
    20160114:14:40:47:003933 gpinitstandby:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Greenplum master port                   = 5432
    20160114:14:40:47:003933 gpinitstandby:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Greenplum standby master hostname       = h94
    20160114:14:40:47:003933 gpinitstandby:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Greenplum standby master port           = 5432
    20160114:14:40:47:003933 gpinitstandby:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Greenplum standby master data directory = /home/wslu/gp/gpsql/data/master/gpseg-1
    20160114:14:40:47:003933 gpinitstandby:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Greenplum update system catalog         = On
    20160114:14:40:47:003933 gpinitstandby:h93:wslu-[INFO]:------------------------------------------------------
    20160114:14:40:47:003933 gpinitstandby:h93:wslu-[INFO]:- Filespace locations
    20160114:14:40:47:003933 gpinitstandby:h93:wslu-[INFO]:------------------------------------------------------
    20160114:14:40:47:003933 gpinitstandby:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-pg_system -> /home/wslu/gp/gpsql/data/master/gpseg-1
    Do you want to continue with standby master initialization? Yy|Nn (default=N):
    > y
    20160114:14:40:53:003933 gpinitstandby:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Syncing Greenplum Database extensions to standby
    20160114:14:40:53:003933 gpinitstandby:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-The packages on h94 are consistent.
    20160114:14:40:53:003933 gpinitstandby:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Adding standby master to catalog...
    20160114:14:40:53:003933 gpinitstandby:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Database catalog updated successfully.
    20160114:14:40:54:003933 gpinitstandby:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Updating pg_hba.conf file...
    20160114:14:41:00:003933 gpinitstandby:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-pg_hba.conf files updated successfully.
    20160114:14:41:09:003933 gpinitstandby:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Updating filespace flat files...
    20160114:14:41:09:003933 gpinitstandby:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Filespace flat file updated successfully.
    20160114:14:41:10:003933 gpinitstandby:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Starting standby master
    20160114:14:41:10:003933 gpinitstandby:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Checking if standby master is running on host: h94  in directory: /home/wslu/gp/gpsql/data/master/gpseg-1
    20160114:14:41:11:003933 gpinitstandby:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Cleaning up pg_hba.conf backup files...
    20160114:14:41:17:003933 gpinitstandby:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Backup files of pg_hba.conf cleaned up successfully.
    20160114:14:41:17:003933 gpinitstandby:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Successfully created standby master on h94

    (7)       此时,h94的data/master目录就不为空了:

    $ [wslu@h94 gpsql]$ ls data/master/
    gpseg-1

    10. 测试

    [wslu@h93 gpsql]$ psql -p 5432 postgres
    psql (8.3devel)
    Type "help" for help.
     
    postgres=#
    postgres=#
    postgres=# db
            List of tablespaces
        Name    | Owner | Filespae Name
    ------------+-------+---------------
     pg_default | wslu  | pg_system
     pg_global  | wslu  | pg_system
    (2 rows)
    至此,集群就初始化完成了。
    集群初始化完成后,默认会启动集群。 
     
     
    ---------------------------------------------------------华丽的分割线-------------------------------------------------------------
    以下为Greenplum集群部分常用指令,以及关于配置单机多节点的一点说明。

    11. 启动集群

    以后,想手动启动集群,执行:

    $ gpstart –a

    这里说一下,每次想使用集群的任何指令,必须执行:

    $ source greenplum-path.sh
    $ exportMASTER_DATA_DIRECTORY=/home/wslu/gp/gpsql/data/master/gpseg-1

    下文不再赘述。

    12. 停止集群

    $ gpstop –a

    13. 重启集群

    $ gpstop –a –r

    14. 查看集群状态

    $ gpstate –m | -e

    15. reload配置文件

    在不停止集群情况下,若配置文件修改,reload配置文件:

    $ gpstop –u

    16. 维护模式下启动master

    仅仅启动master来执行维护管理任务,不会影响segment中的数据。例如,在维护模式下你可以仅连接master实例的数据库并且编辑系统表设置。

    1.运行gpstart使用-m选项:

    $ gpstart –m

    2.维护模式下连接master来维护系统表。例如:

    $ PGOPTIONS='-c gp_session_role=utility'psql template1

    3.完成管理任务后,使master关闭工具模式。然后,重启进入正常模式:

    $ gpstop -m

    17. 访问数据库

    可以使用psql连接集群:

    [wslu@h93 gpsql]$ psql -p 5432 postgres
    psql (8.3devel)
    Type "help" for help.
     
    postgres=#

    基本上常见命令与PostgreSQL的相同。可参考PostgreSQL官方手册和Greenplum官方手册。

    18. GUC参数配置

    使用gpconfig设置guc参数

    $ gpconfig -c gp_vmem_protect_limit -v4096MB

    gpconfig可以设置master和所有segment的guc参数,也可以使用--masteronly参数只设置master的参数。设置完guc参数后需要根据guc参数类型决定重启集群或reload配置文件。

    显示guc参数

    $ psql –c ‘showstatement_mem;’ 或 gpconfig –show statement_mem
    $ psql –c ‘show all;’ 或 gpconfig –l

    19. 附录:关于配置单机多节点的说明

    如果要配置单机多节点,比如只想在h93配置2个主segment、2个镜像segment、1个master,只需要把hostfile_config中的h94删掉,然后在h93删除data/primary,data/mirror,data/master目录下的内容,重新初始化即可。

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/shijiaoyun/p/5973663.html
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