• leecode-39. Combination Sum


    1、问题描述

    Given a set of candidate numbers (C) (without duplicates) and a target number (T), find all unique combinations in C where the candidate numbers sums to T.

    The same repeated number may be chosen from C unlimited number of times.

    Note:

    • All numbers (including target) will be positive integers.
    • The solution set must not contain duplicate combinations.

    For example, given candidate set [2, 3, 6, 7] and target 7
    A solution set is: 

    [
      [7],
      [2, 2, 3]
    ]

    2、边界条件:无
    3、思路:先取一个数,然后与target比较;==则存贮,!=则继续从所有数里面选择。

      从Level-N里面选择一个数,与目标比较,符合则存贮;不符合则再从所有数里面挨个取,从而化为同样的Level-N问题
    形成递归。base case:1)与目标匹配;2)target - nums[i]<0,再减下去也是负数,这依赖于题目给的 全正数positive integers 条件
    4、实现代码:
    
    
    class Solution {
        public List<List<Integer>> combinationSum(int[] candidates, int target) {
            List<List<Integer>> results = new ArrayList<>();
            //Arrays.sort(candidates);
            combinationSum(results, new ArrayList<Integer>(), candidates, target);
            return results;
        }
        
        public void combinationSum(List<List<Integer>> results, List<Integer> cur, int[] candidates, int target) {
            if (0 == target) {
           /** Collections.sort(cur);//这里排序会把原列表改变,所以上层在恢复现场时出错。
    if (!results.contains(cur)) {//去重 results.add(new ArrayList<Integer>(cur)); }
           **/

            ArrayList<Integer> result = new ArrayList<Integer>(cur);//先生成新的cur,然后进行排序
            Collections.sort(result); //
            if (!results.contains(result)) {
              results.add(result);
                   return;

            }
            if (0 > target) {
                return;
            }
            for (int i = 0; i < candidates.length; i++) {
                cur.add(candidates[i]);
                combinationSum(results, cur, candidates, target - candidates[i]);
                cur.remove(cur.size() - 1);
            }
        }
    }

    5、时间复杂度:说不好; 空间复杂度:

    6、题外知识:Arraylist排序:Collections静态排序API,Collections的排序都是稳定的。Collections.sort(List<T> list)、和Collections.sort(List<T> list,Comparator<?super T> c);使用的排序是稳定的,主要是对list排序。

    链接:http://blog.csdn.net/tuke_tuke/article/details/51100219 和 http://www.importnew.com/17211.html  
    7、优化解法
    class Solution {
        public List<List<Integer>> combinationSum(int[] candidates, int target) {
            List<List<Integer>> results = new ArrayList<>();
            Arrays.sort(candidates);//排序是为了使得答案有序;如果有重复数字的情况下,可以方便去重。
            combinationSum(results, new ArrayList<Integer>(), candidates, target, 0);
            return results;
        }
    
        public void combinationSum(List<List<Integer>> results, List<Integer> cur, int[] candidates, int target, int start) {
            if (0 == target) {
                results.add(new ArrayList<Integer>(cur));
                return;
            }
            if (0 > target) {
                return;
            }
            for (int i = start; i < candidates.length; i++) { ///从start开始是因为前面的数字已经遍历过自己和后面的数字。
                cur.add(candidates[i]);
                combinationSum(results, cur, candidates, target - candidates[i], i);// not i + 1 because we can reuse same elements
                cur.remove(cur.size() - 1);
            }
        }
    }
     
    
    
    
     
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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/shihuvini/p/7440170.html
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