java笔记：自己动手写javaEE框架（五）Spring事务管理学习

上篇文章写到了编程式事务的使用TransactionTemplate类的实现，TransactionTemplate类里的execute方法需要TransactionCallback接口实现类做参数，其接口的定义中只包含一个doInTransaction方法用于执行事务操作，上面的代码中使用匿名类的方式定义TransactionCallback接口实现，并且在doInTransaction()方法中定义事务处理代码。

第五章 声明式事务管理

　　我们使用最多的还是Spring声明式事务管理，其实所有Spring事务管理都是基于AOP来实现，而其中的声明式事务才是真正体现AOP全部优点的最佳应用，记得我以前参加面试一说到AOP我就提及声明式事务管理，哎，那个时候对AOP的理解也就仅限于此，太菜了。Spring声明式事务不涉及组件的依赖关系，使用它时候不需要编写任何代码，很大程度的节省了工作量，提高了工作效率。下面我在我的框架里面加入声明式事务，首先修改applicationContext.xml配置文件，代码如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
  xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
  xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
  xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.0.xsd">
        
        <!-- 扫描该路径下的spring组件 -->
        <context:component-scan base-package="cn.com.sharpxiajun" />
        
        <!-- 读取资源文件 -->
        <bean id="propertyConfigurer" class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer">
            <property name="locations">
                <list>
                    <value>classpath:conf/constants.properties</value>
                </list>
            </property>
        </bean>
        
        <!-- 配置数据源 -->
         <!--  <bean id="myDataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
             <property name="driverClass" value="${db.driverClass}"/>
             <property name="jdbcUrl" value="${db.jdbcUrl}"/>
             <property name="user" value="${db.user}"/>
             <property name="password" value="${db.password}"/>
         </bean>-->
         
         <bean id="myDataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource" destroy-method="close">
             <property name="driverClassName" value="${db.driverClass}"/>
             <property name="url" value="${db.jdbcUrl}"/>
             <property name="username" value="${db.user}"/>
             <property name="password" value="${db.password}"/>
         </bean>
        
        <bean id="sqlMapClient" class="org.springframework.orm.ibatis.SqlMapClientFactoryBean">
            <property name="configLocation">
                <value>classpath:conf/SqlMapConfig.xml</value>
            </property>
            <property name="dataSource" ref="myDataSource"/>
        </bean>
        
        <bean id="sqlMapClientTemplate" class="org.springframework.orm.ibatis.SqlMapClientTemplate">
            <property name="sqlMapClient">
                <ref local="sqlMapClient"/>
            </property>
        </bean>
        
        <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
            <property name="dataSource">
                <ref local="myDataSource"/>
            </property>
        </bean>
        
        <!-- 声明式事务 -->
        <tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="transactionManager">
            <tx:attributes>
                <tx:method name="get*" read-only="true" propagation="REQUIRED"/>
                <tx:method name="query*" read-only="true" propagation="REQUIRED"/>
                <tx:method name="find*" read-only="true"  propagation="REQUIRED"/>
                <tx:method name="list*" read-only="true"  propagation="REQUIRED"/>
                <tx:method name="search*" read-only="true"  propagation="REQUIRED"/>
                <tx:method name="add*"  propagation="REQUIRED" isolation="READ_COMMITTED"/>
                <tx:method name="insert*"  propagation="REQUIRED" isolation="READ_COMMITTED"/>
                <tx:method name="del*"  propagation="REQUIRED" isolation="READ_COMMITTED"/>
                <tx:method name="save*"  propagation="REQUIRED" isolation="READ_COMMITTED"/>
                <tx:method name="update*"  propagation="REQUIRED" isolation="READ_COMMITTED"/>
                <tx:method name="modify*"  propagation="REQUIRED" isolation="READ_COMMITTED"/>
            </tx:attributes>
        </tx:advice>
        
        <bean id="transactionTemplate" class="org.springframework.transaction.support.TransactionTemplate">
            <property name="transactionManager">
                <ref bean="transactionManager"/>
            </property>
            <property name="propagationBehaviorName">
                <value>PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</value>
            </property>
        </bean>
        
        <!-- 将我自己定义的拦截器生成bean -->
        <bean id="methodServiceAdvisor" class="cn.com.sharpxiajun.common.aop.MethodServiceAdvisor"/>
        
        <aop:config>
            <!--配置规则，满足以下规则的将拦截，第一个*表示所有返回类型，第二个表示service包下的所有class，第三个表示所有方法-->
            <aop:pointcut id="baseServiceMethods" expression="execution(* cn.com.sharpxiajun.service.*.*(..))"/>
            <!-- 声明式事务 -->
            <aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice" pointcut-ref="baseServiceMethods" />
            <!-- 符合上面规则的拦截器都会调用到methodServiceAdvisor -->
            <aop:advisor advice-ref="methodServiceAdvisor" pointcut-ref="baseServiceMethods"/>
        </aop:config>

</beans>

　　这里面添加了<tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="transactionManager">，根据方法前缀不同绑定不同的事务策略，然后在<aop:config>里面添加<aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice" pointcut-ref="baseServiceMethods" />，那么service包下面类里的方法都会绑定相应的事务管理。在javaEE工程里面到底是DAO层绑定事务还是在Service层绑定事务？这个问题以前有同事问过我，我当时回答是都应该绑定，现在我会说最好只在Service层绑定事务。DAO层在我的理解里应该是数据库操作的映射，那是针对数据的原子操作，而Service层则是把这些各种数据库操作封装成一个业务操作单元，所以Service层的含义更符合事务本质，所以事务最好绑定在Service层。DAO层再绑定事务没必要，而且多余，甚至还会操作不必要的错误。

　　接下来我修改USERS.xml映射文件，代码如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE sqlMap PUBLIC "-//ibatis.apache.org//DTD SQL Map 2.0//EN" "http://ibatis.apache.org/dtd/sql-map-2.dtd">
<sqlMap namespace="USERS">
    <select id="queryUserList" parameterClass="java.util.Map" resultClass="java.util.HashMap">
        select t.username,t.password,t.enabled from users t
    </select>
    
    <!-- 新增用户信息 -->
    <insert id="addUsers" parameterClass="java.util.Map">
        insert into users
        <dynamic prepend="(">
            <isNotNull prepend="," property="username">
                username
            </isNotNull>
            <isNotNull prepend="," property="password">
                password
            </isNotNull>
            <isNotNull prepend="," property="enabled">
                enabled
            </isNotNull>
            )        
        </dynamic>    
        values
        <dynamic prepend="(">
            <isNotNull prepend="," property="username">
                #username:VARCHAR#
            </isNotNull>    
            <isNotNull prepend="," property="password">
                #password:VARCHAR#
            </isNotNull>
            <isNotNull prepend="," property="enabled">
                #enabled:NUMBER#
            </isNotNull>
            )
        </dynamic>            
    </insert>
</sqlMap>

　　修改cn.com.sharpxiajun.dao包下的接口UsersDao，代码如下：

package cn.com.sharpxiajun.dao;

import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

public interface UsersDao {
    
    public static final String QUERY_USERS_SQL = "USERS.queryUserList";
    public static final String ADD_USERS_SQL = "USERS.addUsers";
    
    public List<Map<String, Object>> queryUserList(Map<String, Object> map) throws Exception;
    
    public Object addUsers(Map<String, Object> map) throws Exception;

}

　　修改cn.com.sharpxiajun.dao.impl包下面UsersDaoImpl类，代码如下：

package cn.com.sharpxiajun.dao.impl;

import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;


import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Scope;
import org.springframework.orm.ibatis.SqlMapClientTemplate;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;

import cn.com.sharpxiajun.dao.UsersDao;

@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
@Scope("prototype")
@Repository("usersDao")
public class UsersDaoImpl implements UsersDao {
    
    @Autowired
    @Qualifier("sqlMapClientTemplate")
    private SqlMapClientTemplate sqlMapClientTemplate = null;

    public List<Map<String, Object>> queryUserList(Map<String, Object> map)
            throws Exception {
        return sqlMapClientTemplate.queryForList(QUERY_USERS_SQL, map);
    }

    @Override
    public Object addUsers(Map<String, Object> map) throws Exception {
        return  sqlMapClientTemplate.insert(ADD_USERS_SQL, map);
    }

}

　　修改cn.com.sharpxiajun.service包下接口UsersService，代码如下：

package cn.com.sharpxiajun.service;

import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

public interface UsersService {
    
    public List<Map<String, Object>> queryUsersList(Map<String, Object> map) throws Exception;
    
    public Object addUsers(Map<String, Object> map) throws Exception;

}

　　修改cn.com.sharpxiajun.service.impl包下类UsersServiceImpl，代码如下：

package cn.com.sharpxiajun.service.impl;

import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;


import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Scope;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

import cn.com.sharpxiajun.dao.UsersDao;
import cn.com.sharpxiajun.service.UsersService;

@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
@Scope("prototype")
@Service("userService")
public class UsersServiceImpl implements UsersService {
    
    @Autowired
    @Qualifier("usersDao")
    private UsersDao usersDao = null;

    @Override
    public List<Map<String, Object>> queryUsersList(Map<String, Object> map)
            throws Exception {
        return usersDao.queryUserList(map);
    }

    @Override
    public Object addUsers(Map<String, Object> map) throws Exception {
        return usersDao.addUsers(map);
    }

}

　　修改cn.com.sharpxiajun.junittest.service包下测试类UsersServiceImplTest，代码如下：

package cn.com.sharpxiajun.junittest.service;

import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

import org.apache.commons.logging.Log;
import org.apache.commons.logging.LogFactory;
import org.junit.After;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.AbstractTransactionalJUnit4SpringContextTests;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;
import org.springframework.test.context.transaction.TransactionConfiguration;

import cn.com.sharpxiajun.service.UsersService;
import cn.com.sharpxiajun.service.impl.UsersServiceImpl;

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(locations={"classpath:conf/applicationContext.xml"})
@TransactionConfiguration(defaultRollback = false)
public class UsersServiceImplTest extends
        AbstractTransactionalJUnit4SpringContextTests {
    
    private final static Log log = LogFactory.getLog(UsersServiceImpl.class);
    
    @Autowired
    private UsersService usersService = null;
    
    public UsersServiceImplTest()
    {
        System.out.println("初始化测试类....");
    }
    
    @Before
    public void setUp() throws Exception
    {
        System.out.println("测试开始....");
    }
    
    @After
    public void tearDown() throws Exception
    {
        System.out.println("测试结束!!");
    }
    
    @Test
    public void testQueryUserList()
    {
        Map<String, Object> map = new HashMap<String, Object>();
        map.put("username", "sharpxiajun");
        try {
            List<Map<String, Object>> list = usersService.queryUsersList(map);
            log.info(list);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
    
    @Test
    public void testAddUsers()
    {
        Map<String, Object> map = new HashMap<String, Object>();
        map.put("username", "xiajun");
        map.put("password", "xiajun");
        map.put("enabled", 1);
        
        try {
            Object obj = usersService.addUsers(map);
            log.info("testAddUsers:" + obj);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

}

　　运行测试类,结果如下：

　　数据新增了，但是没有体现事务的作用，我前面写事务示例代码也没有考虑到如何表现事务的作用，为了体现事务作用，我在USERS.xml配置文件里添加新方法,代码如下：

    <!-- 修改用户信息 -->
    <update id="updateUsers" parameterClass="java.util.Map">
        update users set errinfo = 'error'
    </update>

　　修改cn.com.sharpxiajun.dao包下的UsersDao接口，代码如下：

package cn.com.sharpxiajun.dao;

import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

public interface UsersDao {
    
    public static final String QUERY_USERS_SQL = "USERS.queryUserList";
    public static final String ADD_USERS_SQL = "USERS.addUsers";
    public static final String UPDATE_USERS_SQL = "USERS.updateUsers";
    
    public List<Map<String, Object>> queryUserList(Map<String, Object> map) throws Exception;
    
    public Object addUsers(Map<String, Object> map) throws Exception;
    
    public Object updateUsers(Map<String, Object> map) throws Exception;

}

　　修改cn.com.sharpxiajun.dao.impl包下的UsersDaoImpl类，代码如下：

package cn.com.sharpxiajun.dao.impl;

import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;


import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Scope;
import org.springframework.orm.ibatis.SqlMapClientTemplate;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;

import cn.com.sharpxiajun.dao.UsersDao;

@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
@Scope("prototype")
@Repository("usersDao")
public class UsersDaoImpl implements UsersDao {
    
    @Autowired
    @Qualifier("sqlMapClientTemplate")
    private SqlMapClientTemplate sqlMapClientTemplate = null;

    public List<Map<String, Object>> queryUserList(Map<String, Object> map)
            throws Exception {
        return sqlMapClientTemplate.queryForList(QUERY_USERS_SQL, map);
    }

    @Override
    public Object addUsers(Map<String, Object> map) throws Exception {
        return  sqlMapClientTemplate.insert(ADD_USERS_SQL, map);
    }

    @Override
    public Object updateUsers(Map<String, Object> map) throws Exception {
        return sqlMapClientTemplate.update(UPDATE_USERS_SQL, map);
    }

}

　　在cn.com.sharpxiajun.service包的UsersService接口里添加方法：

public void updateUsers(Map<String, Object> map) throws Exception;

　　在cn.com.sharpxiajun.service.impl下的UsersServiceImpl类里实现该方法，代码如下：

    @Override
    public void updateUsers(Map<String, Object> map) throws Exception {
        usersDao.addUsers(map);
        usersDao.updateUsers(map);
    }

　　从上面代码可以看出USERS.xml的update方法是不能被执行，程序一定会报出异常，如果方法绑定了事务，那么usersDao.addUsers(map);操作会被回滚掉，也就是新增操作不会成功，下面我在cn.com.sharpxiajun.junittest.service包下的UsersServiceImplTest类里添加新的测试方法，代码如下：

    @Test
    public void testUpdateUsers()
    {
        Map<String, Object> map = new HashMap<String, Object>();
        map.put("username", "sharp");
        map.put("password", "sharp");
        map.put("enabled", 1);
        
        try {
            usersService.updateUsers(map);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

（注意：最好把测试新增方法的代码注释掉）

　　运行测试类，控制台会打印出下面异常：

2011-10-25 23:10:59  SQLErrorCodesFactory - SQLErrorCodes loaded: [DB2, Derby, H2, HSQL, Informix, MS-SQL, MySQL, Oracle, PostgreSQL, Sybase]
org.springframework.jdbc.BadSqlGrammarException: SqlMapClient operation; bad SQL grammar []; nested exception is com.ibatis.common.jdbc.exception.NestedSQLException:   
--- The error occurred in cn/com/sharpxiajun/dao/sqlmap/USERS.xml.  
--- The error occurred while applying a parameter map.  
--- Check the USERS.updateUsers-InlineParameterMap.  
--- Check the statement (update failed).  
--- Cause: com.mysql.jdbc.exceptions.jdbc4.MySQLSyntaxErrorException: Unknown column 'errinfo' in 'field list'
    at org.springframework.jdbc.support.SQLErrorCodeSQLExceptionTranslator.doTranslate(SQLErrorCodeSQLExceptionTranslator.java:233)
    at org.springframework.jdbc.support.AbstractFallbackSQLExceptionTranslator.translate(AbstractFallbackSQLExceptionTranslator.java:72)
    at org.springframework.orm.ibatis.SqlMapClientTemplate.execute(SqlMapClientTemplate.java:203)
    at org.springframework.orm.ibatis.SqlMapClientTemplate.update(SqlMapClientTemplate.java:378)
    at cn.com.sharpxiajun.dao.impl.UsersDaoImpl.updateUsers(UsersDaoImpl.java:36)
    at cn.com.sharpxiajun.service.impl.UsersServiceImpl.updateUsers(UsersServiceImpl.java:45)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:39)
    at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:25)
    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:597)
    at org.springframework.aop.support.AopUtils.invokeJoinpointUsingReflection(AopUtils.java:309)
    at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.invokeJoinpoint(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:183)
    at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:150)
    at cn.com.sharpxiajun.common.aop.MethodServiceAdvisor.invoke(MethodServiceAdvisor.java:31)
    at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:172)
    at org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionInterceptor.invoke(TransactionInterceptor.java:110)
    at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:172)
    at org.springframework.aop.interceptor.ExposeInvocationInterceptor.invoke(ExposeInvocationInterceptor.java:89)
    at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:172)
    at org.springframework.aop.framework.JdkDynamicAopProxy.invoke(JdkDynamicAopProxy.java:202)
    at $Proxy18.updateUsers(Unknown Source)
    at cn.com.sharpxiajun.junittest.service.UsersServiceImplTest.testUpdateUsers(UsersServiceImplTest.java:103)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:39)
    at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:25)
    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:597)
    at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod$1.runReflectiveCall(FrameworkMethod.java:44)
    at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:15)
    at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod.invokeExplosively(FrameworkMethod.java:41)
    at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.InvokeMethod.evaluate(InvokeMethod.java:20)
    at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.RunBefores.evaluate(RunBefores.java:28)
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunBeforeTestMethodCallbacks.evaluate(RunBeforeTestMethodCallbacks.java:74)
    at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.RunAfters.evaluate(RunAfters.java:31)
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunAfterTestMethodCallbacks.evaluate(RunAfterTestMethodCallbacks.java:82)
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.SpringRepeat.evaluate(SpringRepeat.java:72)
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:240)
    at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:50)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:193)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:52)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:191)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:42)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:184)
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.evaluate(RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.java:61)
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunAfterTestClassCallbacks.evaluate(RunAfterTestClassCallbacks.java:70)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:236)
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.run(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:180)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit4.runner.JUnit4TestReference.run(JUnit4TestReference.java:49)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.TestExecution.run(TestExecution.java:38)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:467)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:683)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.run(RemoteTestRunner.java:390)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.main(RemoteTestRunner.java:197)
Caused by: com.ibatis.common.jdbc.exception.NestedSQLException:   
--- The error occurred in cn/com/sharpxiajun/dao/sqlmap/USERS.xml.  
--- The error occurred while applying a parameter map.  
--- Check the USERS.updateUsers-InlineParameterMap.  
--- Check the statement (update failed).  
--- Cause: com.mysql.jdbc.exceptions.jdbc4.MySQLSyntaxErrorException: Unknown column 'errinfo' in 'field list'
    at com.ibatis.sqlmap.engine.mapping.statement.MappedStatement.executeUpdate(MappedStatement.java:107)
    at com.ibatis.sqlmap.engine.impl.SqlMapExecutorDelegate.update(SqlMapExecutorDelegate.java:457)
    at com.ibatis.sqlmap.engine.impl.SqlMapSessionImpl.update(SqlMapSessionImpl.java:90)
    at org.springframework.orm.ibatis.SqlMapClientTemplate$9.doInSqlMapClient(SqlMapClientTemplate.java:380)
    at org.springframework.orm.ibatis.SqlMapClientTemplate$9.doInSqlMapClient(SqlMapClientTemplate.java:1)
    at org.springframework.orm.ibatis.SqlMapClientTemplate.execute(SqlMapClientTemplate.java:200)
    ... 49 more
Caused by: com.mysql.jdbc.exceptions.jdbc4.MySQLSyntaxErrorException: Unknown column 'errinfo' in 'field list'
    at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance0(Native Method)
    at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.java:39)
    at sun.reflect.DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.java:27)
    at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Constructor.java:513)
    at com.mysql.jdbc.Util.handleNewInstance(Util.java:406)
    at com.mysql.jdbc.Util.getInstance(Util.java:381)
    at com.mysql.jdbc.SQLError.createSQLException(SQLError.java:1031)
    at com.mysql.jdbc.SQLError.createSQLException(SQLError.java:957)
    at com.mysql.jdbc.MysqlIO.checkErrorPacket(MysqlIO.java:3376)
    at com.mysql.jdbc.MysqlIO.checkErrorPacket(MysqlIO.java:3308)
    at com.mysql.jdbc.MysqlIO.sendCommand(MysqlIO.java:1837)
    at com.mysql.jdbc.MysqlIO.sqlQueryDirect(MysqlIO.java:1961)
    at com.mysql.jdbc.ConnectionImpl.execSQL(ConnectionImpl.java:2543)
    at com.mysql.jdbc.PreparedStatement.executeInternal(PreparedStatement.java:1737)
    at com.mysql.jdbc.PreparedStatement.execute(PreparedStatement.java:998)
    at org.apache.commons.dbcp.DelegatingPreparedStatement.execute(DelegatingPreparedStatement.java:169)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:39)
    at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:25)
    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:597)
    at com.ibatis.common.jdbc.logging.PreparedStatementLogProxy.invoke(PreparedStatementLogProxy.java:62)
    at $Proxy21.execute(Unknown Source)
    at com.ibatis.sqlmap.engine.execution.SqlExecutor.executeUpdate(SqlExecutor.java:80)
    at com.ibatis.sqlmap.engine.mapping.statement.MappedStatement.sqlExecuteUpdate(MappedStatement.java:216)
    at com.ibatis.sqlmap.engine.mapping.statement.MappedStatement.executeUpdate(MappedStatement.java:94)
    ... 54 more
测试结束!!
2011-10-25 23:10:59  TestContextManager - Caught exception while allowing TestExecutionListener [org.springframework.test.context.transaction.TransactionalTestExecutionListener@6798eb] to process 'after' execution for test: method [public void cn.com.sharpxiajun.junittest.service.UsersServiceImplTest.testUpdateUsers()], instance [cn.com.sharpxiajun.junittest.service.UsersServiceImplTest@168989e], exception [null]
org.springframework.transaction.UnexpectedRollbackException: Transaction rolled back because it has been marked as rollback-only
    at org.springframework.transaction.support.AbstractPlatformTransactionManager.commit(AbstractPlatformTransactionManager.java:717)
    at org.springframework.test.context.transaction.TransactionalTestExecutionListener$TransactionContext.endTransaction(TransactionalTestExecutionListener.java:516)
    at org.springframework.test.context.transaction.TransactionalTestExecutionListener.endTransaction(TransactionalTestExecutionListener.java:291)
    at org.springframework.test.context.transaction.TransactionalTestExecutionListener.afterTestMethod(TransactionalTestExecutionListener.java:184)
    at org.springframework.test.context.TestContextManager.afterTestMethod(TestContextManager.java:406)
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunAfterTestMethodCallbacks.evaluate(RunAfterTestMethodCallbacks.java:90)
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.SpringRepeat.evaluate(SpringRepeat.java:72)
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:240)
    at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:50)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:193)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:52)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:191)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:42)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:184)
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.evaluate(RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.java:61)
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunAfterTestClassCallbacks.evaluate(RunAfterTestClassCallbacks.java:70)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:236)
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.run(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:180)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit4.runner.JUnit4TestReference.run(JUnit4TestReference.java:49)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.TestExecution.run(TestExecution.java:38)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:467)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:683)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.run(RemoteTestRunner.java:390)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.main(RemoteTestRunner.java:197)

　　结果如下：

　　没有新的记录被添加，事务被成功绑定了~~~。

　　那么如果我们写在Service里面的方法没有用applicationContext.xml里面设置的前缀，效果会如何了？

　　我在cn.com.sharpxiajun.service包的UsersService接口下添加新方法，代码如下：

public void noTransactionMethod(Map<String, Object> map) throws Exception;

　　在cn.com.sharpxiajun.service.impl包里UsersServiceImpl类实现该方法，代码如下：

    @Override
    public void noTransactionMethod(Map<String, Object> map) throws Exception {
        usersDao.addUsers(map);
        usersDao.updateUsers(map);
        
    }

　　最后在cn.com.sharpxiajun.junittest.service包下，修改UsersServiceImplTest测试类，代码如下：

//    @Test
//    public void testAddUsers()
//    {
//        Map<String, Object> map = new HashMap<String, Object>();
//        map.put("username", "xiajun");
//        map.put("password", "xiajun");
//        map.put("enabled", 1);
//        
//        try {
//            Object obj = usersService.addUsers(map);
//            log.info("testAddUsers:" + obj);
//        } catch (Exception e) {
//            e.printStackTrace();
//        }
//    }

    @Test
    public void testNoTransactionMethod()
    {
        Map<String, Object> map = new HashMap<String, Object>();
        map.put("username", "sharp");
        map.put("password", "sharp");
        map.put("enabled", 1);
        
        try {
            usersService.noTransactionMethod(map);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
    
//    @Test
//    public void testUpdateUsers()
//    {
//        Map<String, Object> map = new HashMap<String, Object>();
//        map.put("username", "sharp");
//        map.put("password", "sharp");
//        map.put("enabled", 1);
//        
//        try {
//            usersService.updateUsers(map);
//        } catch (Exception e) {
//            e.printStackTrace();
//        }
//    }

　　运行测试类，控制台打印出的异常是：

2011-10-25 23:28:00  SQLErrorCodesFactory - SQLErrorCodes loaded: [DB2, Derby, H2, HSQL, Informix, MS-SQL, MySQL, Oracle, PostgreSQL, Sybase]
org.springframework.jdbc.BadSqlGrammarException: SqlMapClient operation; bad SQL grammar []; nested exception is com.ibatis.common.jdbc.exception.NestedSQLException:   
--- The error occurred in cn/com/sharpxiajun/dao/sqlmap/USERS.xml.  
--- The error occurred while applying a parameter map.  
--- Check the USERS.updateUsers-InlineParameterMap.  
--- Check the statement (update failed).  
--- Cause: com.mysql.jdbc.exceptions.jdbc4.MySQLSyntaxErrorException: Unknown column 'errinfo' in 'field list'
    at org.springframework.jdbc.support.SQLErrorCodeSQLExceptionTranslator.doTranslate(SQLErrorCodeSQLExceptionTranslator.java:233)
    at org.springframework.jdbc.support.AbstractFallbackSQLExceptionTranslator.translate(AbstractFallbackSQLExceptionTranslator.java:72)
    at org.springframework.orm.ibatis.SqlMapClientTemplate.execute(SqlMapClientTemplate.java:203)
    at org.springframework.orm.ibatis.SqlMapClientTemplate.update(SqlMapClientTemplate.java:378)
    at cn.com.sharpxiajun.dao.impl.UsersDaoImpl.updateUsers(UsersDaoImpl.java:36)
    at cn.com.sharpxiajun.service.impl.UsersServiceImpl.noTransactionMethod(UsersServiceImpl.java:38)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:39)
    at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:25)
    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:597)
    at org.springframework.aop.support.AopUtils.invokeJoinpointUsingReflection(AopUtils.java:309)
    at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.invokeJoinpoint(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:183)
    at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:150)
    at cn.com.sharpxiajun.common.aop.MethodServiceAdvisor.invoke(MethodServiceAdvisor.java:31)
    at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:172)
    at org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionInterceptor.invoke(TransactionInterceptor.java:110)
    at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:172)
    at org.springframework.aop.interceptor.ExposeInvocationInterceptor.invoke(ExposeInvocationInterceptor.java:89)
    at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:172)
    at org.springframework.aop.framework.JdkDynamicAopProxy.invoke(JdkDynamicAopProxy.java:202)
    at $Proxy18.noTransactionMethod(Unknown Source)
    at cn.com.sharpxiajun.junittest.service.UsersServiceImplTest.testNoTransactionMethod(UsersServiceImplTest.java:88)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:39)
    at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:25)
    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:597)
    at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod$1.runReflectiveCall(FrameworkMethod.java:44)
    at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:15)
    at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod.invokeExplosively(FrameworkMethod.java:41)
    at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.InvokeMethod.evaluate(InvokeMethod.java:20)
    at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.RunBefores.evaluate(RunBefores.java:28)
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunBeforeTestMethodCallbacks.evaluate(RunBeforeTestMethodCallbacks.java:74)
    at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.RunAfters.evaluate(RunAfters.java:31)
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunAfterTestMethodCallbacks.evaluate(RunAfterTestMethodCallbacks.java:82)
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.SpringRepeat.evaluate(SpringRepeat.java:72)
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:240)
    at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:50)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:193)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:52)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:191)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:42)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:184)
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.evaluate(RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.java:61)
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunAfterTestClassCallbacks.evaluate(RunAfterTestClassCallbacks.java:70)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:236)
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.run(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:180)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit4.runner.JUnit4TestReference.run(JUnit4TestReference.java:49)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.TestExecution.run(TestExecution.java:38)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:467)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:683)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.run(RemoteTestRunner.java:390)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.main(RemoteTestRunner.java:197)
Caused by: com.ibatis.common.jdbc.exception.NestedSQLException:   
--- The error occurred in cn/com/sharpxiajun/dao/sqlmap/USERS.xml.  
--- The error occurred while applying a parameter map.  
--- Check the USERS.updateUsers-InlineParameterMap.  
--- Check the statement (update failed).  
--- Cause: com.mysql.jdbc.exceptions.jdbc4.MySQLSyntaxErrorException: Unknown column 'errinfo' in 'field list'
    at com.ibatis.sqlmap.engine.mapping.statement.MappedStatement.executeUpdate(MappedStatement.java:107)
    at com.ibatis.sqlmap.engine.impl.SqlMapExecutorDelegate.update(SqlMapExecutorDelegate.java:457)
    at com.ibatis.sqlmap.engine.impl.SqlMapSessionImpl.update(SqlMapSessionImpl.java:90)
    at org.springframework.orm.ibatis.SqlMapClientTemplate$9.doInSqlMapClient(SqlMapClientTemplate.java:380)
    at org.springframework.orm.ibatis.SqlMapClientTemplate$9.doInSqlMapClient(SqlMapClientTemplate.java:1)
    at org.springframework.orm.ibatis.SqlMapClientTemplate.execute(SqlMapClientTemplate.java:200)
    ... 49 more
Caused by: com.mysql.jdbc.exceptions.jdbc4.MySQLSyntaxErrorException: Unknown column 'errinfo' in 'field list'
    at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance0(Native Method)
    at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.java:39)
    at sun.reflect.DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.java:27)
    at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Constructor.java:513)
    at com.mysql.jdbc.Util.handleNewInstance(Util.java:406)
    at com.mysql.jdbc.Util.getInstance(Util.java:381)
    at com.mysql.jdbc.SQLError.createSQLException(SQLError.java:1031)
    at com.mysql.jdbc.SQLError.createSQLException(SQLError.java:957)
    at com.mysql.jdbc.MysqlIO.checkErrorPacket(MysqlIO.java:3376)
    at com.mysql.jdbc.MysqlIO.checkErrorPacket(MysqlIO.java:3308)
    at com.mysql.jdbc.MysqlIO.sendCommand(MysqlIO.java:1837)
    at com.mysql.jdbc.MysqlIO.sqlQueryDirect(MysqlIO.java:1961)
    at com.mysql.jdbc.ConnectionImpl.execSQL(ConnectionImpl.java:2543)
    at com.mysql.jdbc.PreparedStatement.executeInternal(PreparedStatement.java:1737)
    at com.mysql.jdbc.PreparedStatement.execute(PreparedStatement.java:998)
    at org.apache.commons.dbcp.DelegatingPreparedStatement.execute(DelegatingPreparedStatement.java:169)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:39)
    at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:25)
    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:597)
    at com.ibatis.common.jdbc.logging.PreparedStatementLogProxy.invoke(PreparedStatementLogProxy.java:62)
    at $Proxy21.execute(Unknown Source)
    at com.ibatis.sqlmap.engine.execution.SqlExecutor.executeUpdate(SqlExecutor.java:80)
    at com.ibatis.sqlmap.engine.mapping.statement.MappedStatement.sqlExecuteUpdate(MappedStatement.java:216)
    at com.ibatis.sqlmap.engine.mapping.statement.MappedStatement.executeUpdate(MappedStatement.java:94)
    ... 54 more

　　我们发现这里面少了事务回滚的异常，数据库查询结果如下：

　　有记录被新增了~~~

第六章 通过注解绑定事务管理

　　声明式事务咋看一下还是十分简单的，但是Spring引入注解后还有更加简单的配置，请看修改后新的applicationContext.xml配置文件：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
  xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
  xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
  xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.0.xsd">
        
        <!-- 扫描该路径下的spring组件 -->
        <context:component-scan base-package="cn.com.sharpxiajun" />
        
        <!-- 读取资源文件 -->
        <bean id="propertyConfigurer" class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer">
            <property name="locations">
                <list>
                    <value>classpath:conf/constants.properties</value>
                </list>
            </property>
        </bean>
        
        <!-- 配置数据源 -->
         <!--  <bean id="myDataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
             <property name="driverClass" value="${db.driverClass}"/>
             <property name="jdbcUrl" value="${db.jdbcUrl}"/>
             <property name="user" value="${db.user}"/>
             <property name="password" value="${db.password}"/>
         </bean>-->
         
         <bean id="myDataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource" destroy-method="close">
             <property name="driverClassName" value="${db.driverClass}"/>
             <property name="url" value="${db.jdbcUrl}"/>
             <property name="username" value="${db.user}"/>
             <property name="password" value="${db.password}"/>
         </bean>
        
        <bean id="sqlMapClient" class="org.springframework.orm.ibatis.SqlMapClientFactoryBean">
            <property name="configLocation">
                <value>classpath:conf/SqlMapConfig.xml</value>
            </property>
            <property name="dataSource" ref="myDataSource"/>
        </bean>
        
        <bean id="sqlMapClientTemplate" class="org.springframework.orm.ibatis.SqlMapClientTemplate">
            <property name="sqlMapClient">
                <ref local="sqlMapClient"/>
            </property>
        </bean>
        
        <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
            <property name="dataSource">
                <ref local="myDataSource"/>
            </property>
        </bean>
        
        <!-- 声明式事务 -->
        <!--  <tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="transactionManager">
            <tx:attributes>
                <tx:method name="get*" read-only="true" propagation="REQUIRED"/>
                <tx:method name="query*" read-only="true" propagation="REQUIRED"/>
                <tx:method name="find*" read-only="true"  propagation="REQUIRED"/>
                <tx:method name="list*" read-only="true"  propagation="REQUIRED"/>
                <tx:method name="search*" read-only="true"  propagation="REQUIRED"/>
                <tx:method name="add*"  propagation="REQUIRED" isolation="READ_COMMITTED"/>
                <tx:method name="insert*"  propagation="REQUIRED" isolation="READ_COMMITTED"/>
                <tx:method name="del*"  propagation="REQUIRED" isolation="READ_COMMITTED"/>
                <tx:method name="save*"  propagation="REQUIRED" isolation="READ_COMMITTED"/>
                <tx:method name="update*"  propagation="REQUIRED" isolation="READ_COMMITTED"/>
                <tx:method name="modify*"  propagation="REQUIRED" isolation="READ_COMMITTED"/>
            </tx:attributes>
        </tx:advice>-->
        
        <bean id="transactionTemplate" class="org.springframework.transaction.support.TransactionTemplate">
            <property name="transactionManager">
                <ref bean="transactionManager"/>
            </property>
            <property name="propagationBehaviorName">
                <value>PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</value>
            </property>
        </bean>
        
        <!-- 将我自己定义的拦截器生成bean -->
        <bean id="methodServiceAdvisor" class="cn.com.sharpxiajun.common.aop.MethodServiceAdvisor"/>
        
        <aop:config>
            <!--配置规则，满足以下规则的将拦截，第一个*表示所有返回类型，第二个表示service包下的所有class，第三个表示所有方法-->
            <aop:pointcut id="baseServiceMethods" expression="execution(* cn.com.sharpxiajun.service.*.*(..))"/>
            <!-- 声明式事务 -->
            <!--  <aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice" pointcut-ref="baseServiceMethods" />-->
            <!-- 符合上面规则的拦截器都会调用到methodServiceAdvisor -->
            <aop:advisor advice-ref="methodServiceAdvisor" pointcut-ref="baseServiceMethods"/>
        </aop:config>
        
        <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager"/>

</beans>

　　配置文件里我把原来的声明式配置内容注释掉了，然后加入了<tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager"/>。

　　然后在cn.com.sharpxiajun.service.impl包下的UsersServiceImpl类加入@Transactional注解，代码如下：

@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
@Scope("prototype")
@Transactional
@Service("userService")
public class UsersServiceImpl implements UsersService {
......................................................

　　将数据库里的数据都清除掉，运行测试类UsersServiceImplTest，测试service下的noTransactionMethod方法和updateUsers方法，结果显示数据都没有新增成功，这就说明事务绑定是成功了，这个简单吧。

　　总结下了：事务很重要，我希望我这两篇博客能给童鞋们一点帮助。

　　下一篇文章将把struts2框架引入到我写的框架。