Python 操作 ElasticSearch

　　官方文档：https://elasticsearch-py.readthedocs.io/en/master/

　　1、介绍

　　　　python提供了操作ElasticSearch 接口，因此要用python来操作ElasticSearch，首先要安装python的ElasticSearch包，用命令 pip install elasticsearch安装或下载安装：https://pypi.python.org/pypi/elasticsearch/5.4.0

　　2、创建索引

　　　　假如创建索引名称为ott，类型为ott_type的索引，该索引中有五个字段：

　　　　title：存储中文标题，

　　　　date：存储日期格式（2017-09-08），

　　　　keyword：存储中文关键字，

　　　　source：存储中文来源，

　　　　link：存储链接，

　　　　创建映射：

　　　　

　　　　

　　3、索引数据

　　　　

　　　　批量索引

　　　　利用bulk批量索引数据

　　　　

　　4、查询索引

　　　　

　　5、删除数据

　　　　

 　　6、完整代码

#coding:utf8
import os
import time
from os import walk
import CSVOP
from datetime import datetime
from elasticsearch import Elasticsearch
from elasticsearch.helpers import bulk

class ElasticObj:
    def __init__(self, index_name,index_type,ip ="127.0.0.1"):
        '''

        :param index_name: 索引名称
        :param index_type: 索引类型
        '''
        self.index_name =index_name
        self.index_type = index_type
        # 无用户名密码状态
        #self.es = Elasticsearch([ip])
        #用户名密码状态
        self.es = Elasticsearch([ip],http_auth=('elastic', 'password'),port=9200)

    def create_index(self,index_name="ott",index_type="ott_type"):
        '''
        创建索引,创建索引名称为ott，类型为ott_type的索引
        :param ex: Elasticsearch对象
        :return:
        '''
        #创建映射
        _index_mappings = {
            "mappings": {
                self.index_type: {
                    "properties": {
                        "title": {
                            "type": "text",
                            "index": True,
                            "analyzer": "ik_max_word",
                            "search_analyzer": "ik_max_word"
                        },
                        "date": {
                            "type": "text",
                            "index": True
                        },
                        "keyword": {
                            "type": "string",
                            "index": "not_analyzed"
                        },
                        "source": {
                            "type": "string",
                            "index": "not_analyzed"
                        },
                        "link": {
                            "type": "string",
                            "index": "not_analyzed"
                        }
                    }
                }

            }
        }
        if self.es.indices.exists(index=self.index_name) is not True:
            res = self.es.indices.create(index=self.index_name, body=_index_mappings)
            print res


    def IndexData(self):
        es = Elasticsearch()
        csvdir = 'D:/work/ElasticSearch/exportExcels'
        filenamelist = []
        for (dirpath, dirnames, filenames) in walk(csvdir):
            filenamelist.extend(filenames)
            break
        total = 0
        for file in filenamelist:
            csvfile = csvdir + '/' + file
            self.Index_Data_FromCSV(csvfile,es)
            total += 1
            print total
            time.sleep(10)

    def Index_Data_FromCSV(self,csvfile):
        '''
        从CSV文件中读取数据，并存储到es中
        :param csvfile: csv文件，包括完整路径
        :return:
        '''
        list = CSVOP.ReadCSV(csvfile)
        index = 0
        doc = {}
        for item in list:
            if index > 1:#第一行是标题
                doc['title'] = item[0]
                doc['link'] = item[1]
                doc['date'] = item[2]
                doc['source'] = item[3]
                doc['keyword'] = item[4]
                res = self.es.index(index=self.index_name, doc_type=self.index_type, body=doc)
                print(res['created'])
            index += 1
            print index

    def Index_Data(self):
        '''
        数据存储到es
        :return:
        '''
        list = [
            {   "date": "2017-09-13",
                "source": "慧聪网",
                "link": "http://info.broadcast.hc360.com/2017/09/130859749974.shtml",
                "keyword": "电视",
                "title": "付费 电视 行业面临的转型和挑战"
             },
            {   "date": "2017-09-13",
                "source": "中国文明网",
                "link": "http://www.wenming.cn/xj_pd/yw/201709/t20170913_4421323.shtml",
                "keyword": "电视",
                "title": "电视 专题片《巡视利剑》广获好评：铁腕反腐凝聚党心民心"
             }
              ]
        for item in list:
            res = self.es.index(index=self.index_name, doc_type=self.index_type, body=item)
            print(res['created'])

    def bulk_Index_Data(self):
        '''
        用bulk将批量数据存储到es
        :return:
        '''
        list = [
            {"date": "2017-09-13",
             "source": "慧聪网",
             "link": "http://info.broadcast.hc360.com/2017/09/130859749974.shtml",
             "keyword": "电视",
             "title": "付费 电视 行业面临的转型和挑战"
             },
            {"date": "2017-09-13",
             "source": "中国文明网",
             "link": "http://www.wenming.cn/xj_pd/yw/201709/t20170913_4421323.shtml",
             "keyword": "电视",
             "title": "电视 专题片《巡视利剑》广获好评：铁腕反腐凝聚党心民心"
             },
            {"date": "2017-09-13",
             "source": "人民电视",
             "link": "http://tv.people.com.cn/BIG5/n1/2017/0913/c67816-29533981.html",
             "keyword": "电视",
             "title": "中国第21批赴刚果（金）维和部隊启程--人民 电视 --人民网"
             },
            {"date": "2017-09-13",
             "source": "站长之家",
             "link": "http://www.chinaz.com/news/2017/0913/804263.shtml",
             "keyword": "电视",
             "title": "电视 盒子 哪个牌子好？ 吐血奉献三大选购秘笈"
             }
        ]
        ACTIONS = []
        i = 1
        for line in list:
            action = {
                "_index": self.index_name,
                "_type": self.index_type,
                "_id": i, #_id 也可以默认生成，不赋值
                "_source": {
                    "date": line['date'],
                    "source": line['source'].decode('utf8'),
                    "link": line['link'],
                    "keyword": line['keyword'].decode('utf8'),
                    "title": line['title'].decode('utf8')}
            }
            i += 1
            ACTIONS.append(action)
            # 批量处理
        success, _ = bulk(self.es, ACTIONS, index=self.index_name, raise_on_error=True)
        print('Performed %d actions' % success)

    def Delete_Index_Data(self,id):
        '''
        删除索引中的一条
        :param id:
        :return:
        '''
        res = self.es.delete(index=self.index_name, doc_type=self.index_type, id=id)
        print res

    def Get_Data_Id(self,id):

        res = self.es.get(index=self.index_name, doc_type=self.index_type,id=id)
        print(res['_source'])

        print '------------------------------------------------------------------'
        #
        # # 输出查询到的结果
        for hit in res['hits']['hits']:
            # print hit['_source']
            print hit['_source']['date'],hit['_source']['source'],hit['_source']['link'],hit['_source']['keyword'],hit['_source']['title']

    def Get_Data_By_Body(self):
        # doc = {'query': {'match_all': {}}}
        doc = {
            "query": {
                "match": {
                    "keyword": "电视"
                }
            }
        }
        _searched = self.es.search(index=self.index_name, doc_type=self.index_type, body=doc)

        for hit in _searched['hits']['hits']:
            # print hit['_source']
            print hit['_source']['date'], hit['_source']['source'], hit['_source']['link'], hit['_source']['keyword'], 
            hit['_source']['title']




obj =ElasticObj("ott","ott_type",ip ="47.93.117.127")
# obj = ElasticObj("ott1", "ott_type1")

# obj.create_index()
obj.Index_Data()
# obj.bulk_Index_Data()
# obj.IndexData()
# obj.Delete_Index_Data(1)
# csvfile = 'D:/work/ElasticSearch/exportExcels/2017-08-31_info.csv'
# obj.Index_Data_FromCSV(csvfile)
# obj.GetData(es)