• 利用广播调用后台服务方法并根据方法返回的内容更新UI


    一、UI布局代码

    <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
        xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
        android:id="@+id/container"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"
        android:orientation="vertical"
        tools:context="com.shz.localservice.MainActivity"
        tools:ignore="MergeRootFrame" >
    
        
        <EditText 
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:hint="请输入电影票Id"
            android:id="@+id/txtTicketId"/>
        <Button
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:onClick="callServiceMethod"
            android:text="查询" />
        
        <TextView 
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:id="@+id/lblTicketInfo"
            android:textColor="#ff0000"/>
    
    </LinearLayout>
    View Code

    二、MainActivity代码

    package com.shz.localservice;
    
    import android.app.Activity;
    import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;
    import android.content.Context;
    import android.content.Intent;
    import android.content.IntentFilter;
    import android.os.Bundle;
    import android.text.TextUtils;
    import android.view.View;
    import android.widget.EditText;
    import android.widget.TextView;
    import android.widget.Toast;
    
    import com.shz.callservicebybroadcastreceiver.R;
    
    public class MainActivity extends Activity {
    
        /**
         * 通过广播调用后台服务并更新UI 实现步骤:
         * 1.前台Activity发出一个自定义广播A(Action:com.shz.getticketinfo),后台服务需注册该广播A进行监听。
         * 2.后台服务监听到该广播A之后
         * ,调用自己内部方法获取电影票信息,并发出一个自定义广播B(Action:com.shz.sendticketinfo)。
         * 3.前台Activity需注册该广播B进行监听,获取广播B中的内容更新UI。
         */
    
        private EditText txtTicketId;
        private TextView lblTicketInfo;
        private ReceiveTicketInfoReceiver receiver;
    
        @Override
        protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
            super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
            setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
    
            txtTicketId = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.txtTicketId);
            lblTicketInfo = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.lblTicketInfo);
    
            // 开启服务
            Intent intent = new Intent(this, TicketService.class);
            startService(intent);
    
            // 注册后台服务发出的广播,该广播包含电影票信息
            receiver = new ReceiveTicketInfoReceiver();
            IntentFilter filter = new IntentFilter("com.shz.sendticketinfo");
            registerReceiver(receiver, filter);
        }
    
        /**
         * 该接收者用于监听后台服务发送出的广播B,并更新UI
         * 
         * @author SHZ
         * 
         */
        private class ReceiveTicketInfoReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver {
            @Override
            public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
                String ticketInfo = intent.getStringExtra("TicketInfo");
                lblTicketInfo.setText(ticketInfo);
            }
    
        }
    
        public void callServiceMethod(View view) {
            String strTicketId = this.txtTicketId.getText().toString().trim();
            if(TextUtils.isEmpty(strTicketId))
            {
                Toast.makeText(this, "请输入电影票Id", 1).show();
                return;
            }
            
            // 发送一个自定义广播,后台服务会监听该广播,并调用服务方法获取电影票信息
            Intent intent = new Intent();
            intent.setAction("com.shz.getticketinfo");
            intent.putExtra("TicketId", Integer.parseInt(strTicketId));
            sendBroadcast(intent);        
        }
    
        @Override
        protected void onDestroy() {
            unregisterReceiver(receiver);
            stopService(new Intent(this, TicketService.class));
            super.onDestroy();
        }
    }
    View Code

    三、服务代码

    package com.shz.localservice;
    
    import java.util.ArrayList;
    import java.util.List;
    
    import android.app.Service;
    import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;
    import android.content.Context;
    import android.content.Intent;
    import android.content.IntentFilter;
    import android.os.IBinder;
    import android.util.Log;
    
    /**
     * 后台服务(组件),提供查询电影票相关信息
     * @author SHZ
     *
     */
    public class TicketService extends Service {
    
        private final static String TAG = "TicketService";
        private List<Ticket> tickets;
        private SendTicketInfoReceiver receiver;
        
        @Override
        public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {
            Log.i(TAG, "onBind 服务绑定成功");
            return null;
        }
    
        @Override
        public void onCreate() {        
            super.onCreate();
            Log.i(TAG, "onCreate 服务创建成功");
            this.tickets = new ArrayList<Ticket>();
            this.tickets.add(new Ticket(1, "变形金刚4", 103));
            this.tickets.add(new Ticket(2, "窃听风云3", 86));
            this.tickets.add(new Ticket(3, "反腐风暴", 75));
            
            // 注册前台Activity发出的广播,该广播是请求电影票信息
            receiver = new SendTicketInfoReceiver();
            IntentFilter filter = new IntentFilter("com.shz.getticketinfo");
            registerReceiver(receiver, filter);
        }
    
    
        @Override
        public void onDestroy() {
            super.onDestroy();
            Log.i(TAG, "onDestroy 服务销毁成功");
            unregisterReceiver(receiver);
        }
        
        private Ticket getTicket(int id)
        {
            for(Ticket ticket:this.tickets)
            {
                if(ticket.Id == id)
                {
                    return ticket;
                }
            }
            
            return null;
        }
        
        /**
         * 服务内部方法:查询电影票信息
         * @param id 
         * @return
         */
        public String getTicketInfo(int id)
        {
            Ticket ticket = this.getTicket(id);
            if(ticket == null)
            {
                return "未查询到该电影票信息";
            }
            else
            {
                return ticket.toString();
            }
        }
        
        /**
         * 服务内部方法(测试用,没有意义):更新电影票价格
         * @param id
         * @param newPrice
         */
        public void updateTicketPrice(int id, float newPrice)
        {
            Ticket ticket = this.getTicket(id);
            if(ticket != null)
            {
                ticket.Price = newPrice;
            }
        }
        
        /**
         * 该接收者用于接收前台Activity发出的广播A,获取A中的TicketId,调用内部方法查询电影票信息,并发出广播B
         * @author SHZ
         *
         */
        private class SendTicketInfoReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver
        {
    
            @Override
            public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
                int ticketId = intent.getIntExtra("TicketId", 0);
                String ticketInfo = getTicketInfo(ticketId);
                
                // 发送本服务的一个自定义广播,前台Activity会监听该广播获取电影票信息
                Intent sendIntent = new Intent();
                sendIntent.setAction("com.shz.sendticketinfo");
                sendIntent.putExtra("TicketInfo", ticketInfo);
                sendBroadcast(sendIntent);
            }
            
        }
    
    }
    View Code

    四、其他相关代码

    package com.shz.localservice;
    
    public class Ticket {
        public int Id;
        public String Name;
        public float Price;
        
        public Ticket(int id, String name, float price) {
            Id = id;
            Name = name;
            Price = price;
        }
        
        @Override
        public String toString() {
            return "您查询的电影是:"+this.Name+",票价为:"+this.Price;
        }
    }
    View Code
    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
    <manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
        package="com.shz.callservicebybroadcastreceiver"
        android:versionCode="1"
        android:versionName="1.0" >
    
        <uses-sdk
            android:minSdkVersion="14"
            android:targetSdkVersion="19" />
    
        <application
            android:allowBackup="true"
            android:icon="@drawable/ic_launcher"
            android:label="@string/app_name"
            android:theme="@style/AppTheme" >
            <activity
                android:name="com.shz.localservice.MainActivity"
                android:label="@string/app_name" >
                <intent-filter>
                    <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
    
                    <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
                </intent-filter>
            </activity>
            <service android:name="com.shz.localservice.TicketService"></service>
        </application>
    
    </manifest>
    View Code

    效果截图:

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/shaomenghao/p/3947522.html
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