gzip (GNU-ZIP) 是一种压缩技术。经过 gzip 压缩后页面大小可以变为原来的 30%甚至更小。 这样,用户浏览页面的时候速度会快得多。 gzip 的压缩页面需要浏览器和服务器双方都支持,实 际上就是服务器端压缩,传到浏览器后浏览器解压并解析。浏览器那里不需要我们担心,因为 IE、 Firefox 、Opera 、Chrome 等绝大多数浏览器都支持解析 gzip 过的页面。
压缩好处:将响应报⽂发送⾄客户端之前可以启⽤压缩功能,这能够有效地节约带宽,并提⾼响应⾄客户端的速度,压缩会消耗nginx的cpu性能。
一、开启gzip
gzip压缩可以配置在http,server和location模块下,Nginx 的压缩输出由一组 gzip 压缩指令来实现。
Vim打开Nginx配置文件
vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
gzip on; //开启gzip压缩
gzip_min_length 1k; //不压缩临界值,大于1K的才压缩,一般不用改
gzip_buffers 4 16k; //压缩缓存,也不用改
gzip_http_version 1.1; //压缩协议版本,用了反向代理的话,末端通信是HTTP/1.0,默认是HTTP/1.1
gzip_comp_leve1 2; //压缩级别,1-10,数字越大压缩的越好,时间也越长
gzip_types text/p1ain app1ication/x-javascript text/css app1ication/xml; //进行压缩的文件类型,缺啥补啥就行,JavaScript有两种写法,最好都写上吧,总有人抱怨js文件没有压缩,其实多写一种格式就行了
gzip_vary on; //跟Squid等缓存服务有关,on的话会在Header里增加"Vary: Accept-Encoding"
gzip_disable "MSIE [1-6]."; //IE6对Gzip不怎么友好,不给它Gzip了
二、:wq保存退出,重新加载Nginx
/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload
三、用curl测试Gzip是否成功开启
curl -I -H "Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate" "http://www.slyar.com/blog/" HTTP/1.1 200 OK Server: nginx/1.0.15 Date: Sun, 26 Aug 2012 18:13:09 GMT Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8 Connection: keep-alive X-Powered-By: PHP/5.2.17p1 X-Pingback: http://www.slyar.com/blog/xmlrpc.php Content-Encoding: gzip
页面成功压缩
curl -I -H "Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate" "http://www.slyar.com/blog/wp-content/plugins/photonic/include/css/photonic.css" HTTP/1.1 200 OK Server: nginx/1.0.15 Date: Sun, 26 Aug 2012 18:21:25 GMT Content-Type: text/css Last-Modified: Sun, 26 Aug 2012 15:17:07 GMT Connection: keep-alive Expires: Mon, 27 Aug 2012 06:21:25 GMT Cache-Control: max-age=43200 Content-Encoding: gzip
css文件成功压缩
curl -I -H "Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate" "http://www.slyar.com/blog/wp-includes/js/jquery/jquery.js" HTTP/1.1 200 OK Server: nginx/1.0.15 Date: Sun, 26 Aug 2012 18:21:38 GMT Content-Type: application/x-javascript Last-Modified: Thu, 12 Jul 2012 17:42:45 GMT Connection: keep-alive Expires: Mon, 27 Aug 2012 06:21:38 GMT Cache-Control: max-age=43200 Content-Encoding: gzip
js文件成功压缩
curl -I -H "Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate" "http://www.slyar.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2012/08/2012-08-23_203542.png" HTTP/1.1 200 OK Server: nginx/1.0.15 Date: Sun, 26 Aug 2012 18:22:45 GMT Content-Type: image/png Last-Modified: Thu, 23 Aug 2012 13:50:53 GMT Connection: keep-alive Expires: Tue, 25 Sep 2012 18:22:45 GMT Cache-Control: max-age=2592000 Content-Encoding: gzip
图片成功压缩
curl -I -H "Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate" "http://www.slyar.com/blog/wp-content/plugins/wp-multicollinks/wp-multicollinks.css" HTTP/1.1 200 OK Server: nginx/1.0.15 Date: Sun, 26 Aug 2012 18:23:27 GMT Content-Type: text/css Content-Length: 180 Last-Modified: Sat, 02 May 2009 08:46:15 GMT Connection: keep-alive Expires: Mon, 27 Aug 2012 06:23:27 GMT Cache-Control: max-age=43200 Accept-Ranges: bytes
最后来个不到1K的文件,由于我的阈值是1K,所以没压缩