先了解下什么都有什么排序算法
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sorting_algorithm
http://zh.wikipedia.org/zh/%E6%8E%92%E5%BA%8F%E7%AE%97%E6%B3%95
http://student.zjzk.cn/course_ware/data_structure/web/paixu/paixu8.7.1.1.htm
希尔排序 O(n1.25)
二叉排序树排序 (Binary tree sort) — O(n log n)期望时间; O(n2)最坏时间; 需要 O(n) 額外空間
基数排序O(n)
总结:若是数据量特别大的话,希尔排序会比快速排序慢点,但若是中小数据的比较,希尔排序更快速。
而且希尔排序实现简单。
有两种排序我们应该掌握:
一个是希尔排序(小量数据),
一个是二叉排序树排序(又称为二分查找法、快速排序)(大量数据)
希尔排序的wiki中列出的表 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shellsort
最近的Marcin Ciura's gap sequence的伪代码如下:
Using Marcin Ciura's gap sequence, with an inner insertion sort.
# Sort an array a[0...n-1]. gaps = [701, 301, 132, 57, 23, 10, 4, 1] foreach (gap in gaps) { # Do an insertion sort for each gap size. for (i = gap; i < n; i += 1) { temp = a[i] for (j = i; j >= gap and a[j - gap] > temp; j -= gap) { a[j] = a[j - gap] } a[j] = temp } }
http://sun.aei.polsl.pl/~mciura/publikacje/shellsort.pdf 他的文档中列出了从10~1亿 的数据量的时间复杂度,而且有实验数据和图表。
下面是自己写的代码shellsort1_1至1_3是增量为count/2, shellsort2_1至2_2增量为1
#include "stdafx.h" #include <string> #include <vector> #include <iostream> #include <algorithm> //just for sort() and binary_search() using namespace std; //method 1 数组方式 ok void shellsort1_1(int *data, size_t size) { for (int gap = size / 2; gap > 0; gap /= 2) for (size_t i = gap; i < size; ++i) { int Temp = data[i]; int j = 0; for( j = i -gap; j >= 0 && data[j] > Temp; j -=gap) { data[j+gap] = data[j]; } data[j+gap] = Temp; } } //method 2 ok void shellsort1_2(vector<int> &squeue_) { vector<int>::size_type size = squeue_.size(); for (int gap = size / 2; gap > 0; gap /= 2) for (size_t i = gap; i < size; ++i) { int j = 0; int temp = squeue_[i]; // data[i]; for( j = i -gap; j >= 0 && squeue_[j] > temp; j -=gap) { squeue_[j+gap] = squeue_[j]; } squeue_[j+gap] = temp;//squeue_[i]; } } //method 3 ok void shellsort1_3(vector<string> &squeue_) { vector<string>::size_type size = squeue_.size(); for (int gap = size / 2; gap > 0; gap /= 2) for (size_t i = gap; i < size; ++i) { int j = 0; string temp = squeue_[i]; for( j = i -gap; j >= 0 && squeue_[j] > temp; j -=gap) { squeue_[j+gap] = squeue_[j]; } squeue_[j+gap] = temp;//squeue_[i]; } } //method 4 ok void shellsort2(vector<string> &gaps) { size_t gap = 0; size_t j = 0; string temp(""); size_t count = gaps.size(); for (vector<string>::iterator it = gaps.begin(); it != gaps.end(); ++it, gap +=1)//for_each (gap in gaps) { // Do an insertion sort for each gap size. for (size_t i = gap ; i < count; i += 1) { temp = gaps[i]; for (j = i; j >= gap && gaps[j - gap] > temp; j -= gap) { gaps[j] = gaps[j - gap]; } gaps[j] = temp; } } }
//c 库的sort
int index = 1;
int list[9] = { 5, 2, 3, 9, 4, 6, 7, 8, 1};
int callbackFunc_Compare(const void* a , const void *b)
{
printf("index = %d, a= %d, b = %d ", index++, *(int*)a, *(int*)b);
for (int i = 0; i < 9; i++)
{
printf("%d ",list[i]);
}
printf(" ");
return *(int*)a - *(int*)b;
}
int _tmain(int argc, _TCHAR* argv[]) { //--------int int i_List[] ={13, 14 ,94, 33, 82, 25, 59, 2, 65, 23, 185, 1, 156, 34}; int count = sizeof(i_List)/4; //除以4,因为一个int占4字节,最好别用这种形式,获取个数,用vector吧! vector<int> iVec(i_List, i_List + count);//数组的begin 到end赋值到这个vector中,函数原型是 vector<_Iter>(_Iter_First,_Iter_Last); //--------string 字符 ,关于中文,unicode,要指定编码格式, vector<string> str_Vec(0),str_Vec2(0); str_Vec.push_back("M1"); str_Vec.push_back("N1"); str_Vec.push_back("B1"); str_Vec.push_back("V1"); str_Vec.push_back("C1"); str_Vec.push_back("X1"); str_Vec.push_back("Z1"); str_Vec.push_back("A1"); str_Vec.push_back("A100"); str_Vec.push_back("A102"); str_Vec.push_back("A109"); str_Vec2 = str_Vec; //method 1 数组 shellsort1_1(i_List, count); //method 2 vector<int> shellsort1_2(iVec); //method 3 vector<string> shellsort1_3(str_Vec); //method 4 vector<string> shellsort2(str_Vec); //利用sort(),最简单,因为是模版所以很简单-----另我们可以重载sort自己做compare()方法! std::sort(iVec.begin(), iVec.end()); std::sort(str_Vec2.begin(), str_Vec2.end());
//c库利用回调
qsort(list, 9, sizeof(list[0]), callbackFunc_Compare );
//二分查找 std::binary_search(iVec.begin(), iVec.end(),34); //http://www.cplusplus.com/reference/algorithm/binary_search/ return 0; }
模板的版本 =》来自 基本排序算法之1——希尔排序shellsort
/* * a[] is an array to be sorted * n1 is the T array length * inc[] is the array to indecate the increasement * n2 is the inc array length */ template<typename T> void shellsort(T a[],int n1,int inc[],int n2) { for(int i=0;i<n2;++i) { for(int j=inc[i];j<n1;++j) { T tmp = a[j]; int k; for(k=j;k>=inc[i];k-=inc[i]) { if(tmp<a[k-inc[i]]) a[k]=a[k-inc[i]]; else break; } a[k]=tmp; } } }