摘要:本次博客的内容是检验两个程序中的错误
1.Fault、Error、 Failure定义
Failure的定义:当一个系统不能执行所要求的功能时,即为Failure,可译为“失效”。(Termination of the ability of an element or an item to perform a function as required.)
下面来分析第一个程序:
public int findLast (int[] x, int y) {
//Effects: If x==null throw
NullPointerException
// else return the index of the last element
// in x that equals y.
// If no such element exists, return -1
for (int i=x.length-1; i > 0; i--)
{
if (x[i] == y)
{
return i;
}
}
return -1;
}
// test: x=[2, 3, 5]; y = 2
// Expected = 0
1.fault:for (int i=x.length-1; i >= 0; i--)
2.x=null
3.只要第一个元素不是y就行,例如:y+1,y,y+2
4.当x={9},y=1时,会出现error,但没出现fault
第二个程序
public static int lastZero (int[] x) {
//Effects: if x==null throw
NullPointerException
// else return the index of the LAST 0 in x.
// Return -1 if 0 does not occur in x
for (int i = 0; i < x.length; i++)
{
if (x[i] == 0)
{
return i;
}
} return -1;
}
// test: x=[0, 1, 0]
// Expected = 2
1.fault:for循环应该改成for (int i = x.length; i <=0; i--)
2.会到达错误地点
3.例如 x={0,1,2}
4.例如x={9}