服务器中已经启动了3306端口的数据库，资源有限还需要做一个3307端口的从库，需要在一个系统中启动多个数据库实例
拷贝一份实例执行程序
cd /usr/local
cp -ar percona-Server-8.0.18 percona-Server-8.0.18_3307
ln -s percona-Server-8.0.18_3307 mysql_3307
1.备份主库，并拉取到从库服务器中
/usr/local/xtrabackup/bin/xtrabackup --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf --user=root --password='pass' --host=localhost --port=3306 -S /tmp/mysql.sock --parallel=4 --backup --apply-log-only --target-dir=/opt/
2.配置参数
# vim /etc/my_3307.cnf
## 配置文件模板，需要根据机器配置进行适当的调整 ## my.cnf for MySQL 5.7/8.0 ## 本配置文件主要适用于MySQL 5.7/8.0版本 # [client] port = 3307 socket = /tmp/mysql_3307.sock ssl-mode=DISABLED [mysql] prompt = "u@MySQL R:m:s [d]> " no-auto-rehash [mysqld] user = mysql port = 3307 basedir = /usr/local/mysql_3307 datadir = /data/mysql_data_3307 socket = /tmp/mysql_3307.sock pid-file = /data/mysql_data_3307/mysql.pid character-set-server = utf8mb4 skip_name_resolve = 1 #设置默认时区 #default_time_zone = "+8:00" collation-server = utf8mb4_unicode_ci default_authentication_plugin = mysql_native_password skip-character-set-client-handshake open_files_limit = 65535 back_log = 1024 max_connections = 1000 max_connect_errors = 1000000 table_open_cache = 1024 table_definition_cache = 1024 table_open_cache_instances = 64 thread_stack = 512K external-locking = FALSE max_allowed_packet = 512M sort_buffer_size = 4M join_buffer_size = 4M thread_cache_size = 1500 interactive_timeout = 240 wait_timeout = 240 tmp_table_size = 32M max_heap_table_size = 128M slow_query_log = 1 log_timestamps = SYSTEM slow_query_log_file = /data/mysql_data_3307/slow.log log-error = /data/mysql_data_3307/error.log long_query_time = 0.8 log_queries_not_using_indexes =1 log_throttle_queries_not_using_indexes = 60 min_examined_row_limit = 100 log_slow_admin_statements = 1 log_slow_slave_statements = 1 server-id = 1907 #log-bin的文件名称采用前缀mysql-bin.XXX log-bin = mysql-bin sync_binlog = 1 binlog_cache_size = 4M max_binlog_cache_size = 2G max_binlog_size = 1G #注意：MySQL 8.0开始，binlog_expire_logs_seconds选项也存在的话，会忽略expire_logs_days选项,索性这里注释 #binlog_expire_logs_seconds = 50 master_info_repository = TABLE relay_log_info_repository = TABLE gtid_mode = on enforce_gtid_consistency = 1 log_slave_updates #自定义 relay-log = mysql-relay-bin relay-log-index = relay.index ##并发复制 slave-parallel-type = LOGICAL_CLOCK slave-parallel-workers = 0 ##跳过slave进程启动参数 #skip-slave-start ##如果实例为从库，则需要设置为on read_only = on super_read_only = on slave-rows-search-algorithms = 'INDEX_SCAN,HASH_SCAN' binlog_format = row binlog_checksum = 1 relay_log_recovery = 1 relay-log-purge = 1 key_buffer_size = 32M read_buffer_size = 8M read_rnd_buffer_size = 4M bulk_insert_buffer_size = 64M #----------------Myisam--------------------------------# myisam_sort_buffer_size = 128M myisam_max_sort_file_size = 512M myisam_repair_threads = 1 lock_wait_timeout = 120 explicit_defaults_for_timestamp = 1 innodb_thread_concurrency = 0 innodb_sync_spin_loops = 100 innodb_spin_wait_delay = 30 transaction_isolation = REPEATABLE-READ #innodb_additional_mem_pool_size = 16M innodb_buffer_pool_size = 2G innodb_buffer_pool_instances = 4 innodb_buffer_pool_load_at_startup = 1 innodb_buffer_pool_dump_at_shutdown = 1 innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:1G;ibdata2:1G:autoextend innodb_log_group_home_dir = /data/mysql_data_3307 innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 1 innodb_log_buffer_size = 128M innodb_log_file_size = 2G innodb_log_files_in_group = 2 innodb_max_undo_log_size = 4G innodb_undo_directory = /data/mysql_data_3307/undolog #The setting INNODB_UNDO_TABLESPACES is deprecated and is no longer used If you need more, please use CREATE UNDO TABLESPACE #innodb_undo_tablespaces = 95 #innodb_undo_tablespaces = 3 # 根据您的服务器IOPS能力适当调整 # 一般配普通SSD盘的话，可以调整到 10000 - 20000 # 配置高端PCIe SSD卡的话，则可以调整的更高，比如 50000 - 80000 innodb_io_capacity = 4000 innodb_io_capacity_max = 8000 innodb_flush_sync = 0 innodb_flush_neighbors = 0 innodb_write_io_threads = 8 innodb_read_io_threads = 8 innodb_purge_threads = 4 innodb_page_cleaners = 4 innodb_open_files = 65535 innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct = 50 innodb_flush_method = O_DIRECT innodb_lru_scan_depth = 4000 innodb_checksum_algorithm = crc32 innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 10 innodb_rollback_on_timeout = 1 innodb_print_all_deadlocks = 1 innodb_file_per_table = 1 innodb_online_alter_log_max_size = 8G innodb_stats_on_metadata = 0 #注意：MySQL 8.0.16开始删除该选项 #internal_tmp_disk_storage_engine = InnoDB # some var for MySQL 8 log_error_verbosity = 3 innodb_print_ddl_logs = 1 #若在启动时binlog_expire_logs_seconds和expire_logs_days参数都设置为非0值,则使用binlog_expire_logs_seconds值，expire_logs_days值则失效并对其发出告警信息。 #若在MySQL启动时inlog_expire_logs_seconds和expire_logs_days 都没设置值，则使用默认值的 binlog_expire_logs_seconds值 binlog_expire_logs_seconds = 2592000 #innodb_dedicated_server = 0 innodb_status_file = 1 #注意: 开启 innodb_status_output & innodb_status_output_locks 后, 可能会导致log-error文件增长较快 innodb_status_output = 0 innodb_status_output_locks = 0 #performance_schema performance_schema = 1 performance_schema_instrument = '%memory%=on' performance_schema_instrument = '%lock%=on' #innodb monitor innodb_monitor_enable = "module_innodb" innodb_monitor_enable = "module_server" innodb_monitor_enable = "module_dml" innodb_monitor_enable = "module_ddl" innodb_monitor_enable = "module_trx" innodb_monitor_enable = "module_os" innodb_monitor_enable = "module_purge" innodb_monitor_enable = "module_log" innodb_monitor_enable = "module_lock" innodb_monitor_enable = "module_buffer" innodb_monitor_enable = "module_index" innodb_monitor_enable = "module_ibuf_system" innodb_monitor_enable = "module_buffer_page" innodb_monitor_enable = "module_adaptive_hash" [mysqldump] quick max_allowed_packet = 512M
3.初始化端口为 3307 的数据库
/usr/local/mysql_3307/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/etc/my_3307.cnf --initialize-insecure --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql_3307 --datadir=/data/mysql_data_3307
# 启动端口为3307的mysql数据库，观察能否正常启动
nohup /usr/local/percona-Server-8.0.18_3307/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/etc/my_3307.cnf &
# 进入数据库，关闭数据库
# mysql -P 3307 -S /tmp/mysql_3307.sock -uroot -p
root@MySQL 09:29: [(none)]> shutdown；
4.将备份出来的数据还原为从库
# rm -rf /data/mysql_data_3307/*
# 应用日志
/usr/local/xtrabackup/bin/xtrabackup --defaults-file=/etc/my_3307.cnf --user=root --password= --prepare --apply-log-only --target-dir=/opt/198.11.172.136_db/full_2020-11-06_10-04-01_5 /usr/local/xtrabackup/bin/xtrabackup --defaults-file=/etc/my_3307.cnf --copy-back --rsync --target-dir=/opt/198.11.172.136_db/full_2020-11-06_10-04-01_5
# chown -R mysql.mysql /data/mysql_data_3307/
# 在主库创建复制用户
CREATE USER 'rep'@'%' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY 'wsdb123';
grant replication slave on *.* to 'rep'@'%';
flush privileges;
# 启动主从同步
change master to master_host='1.1.1.1',master_port=3306,master_user='rep',master_password='wsdb123',master_auto_position=1;
start slave;