网卡配置文件
ONBOOT：在系统引导时是否激活此设备 TYPE：接口类型；常见有的Ethernet, Bridge BOOTPROTO：值为none（表示手动设置IP地址） UUID：设备的惟一标识 IPADDR：指明IP地址 NETMASK：子网掩码或者PREFIX24 GATEWAY: 默认网关 DNS1：第一个DNS服务器指向 DNS2：第二个DNS服务器指向 USERCTL：普通用户是否可控制此设备 PEERDNS：如果BOOTPROTO的值为“dhcp”，是否允许 dhcp server分配的dns服务器指向信息直接覆盖至
添加别名网卡地址
[root@mail ~]# ifconfig eth0:1 10.50.50.12/24
[root@mail ~]# ifconfig
eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:0C:29:8B:16:7F
inet addr:192.168.10.36 Bcast:192.168.10.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
inet6 addr: fe80::20c:29ff:fe8b:167f/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:430542 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:11685 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:32514707 (31.0 MiB) TX bytes:734729 (717.5 KiB)
eth0:1 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:0C:29:8B:16:7F
inet addr:10.50.50.12 Bcast:10.50.50.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
[root@mail ~]# ifconfig eth0:1 down
[root@mail ~]# ifconfig
eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:0C:29:8B:16:7F
inet addr:192.168.10.36 Bcast:192.168.10.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
inet6 addr: fe80::20c:29ff:fe8b:167f/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:430670 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:11719 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:32524535 (31.0 MiB) TX bytes:739041 (721.7 KiB)
lo Link encap:Local Loopback
inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0
inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host
UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:65536 Metric:1
RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
RX bytes:0 (0.0 b) TX bytes:0 (0.0 b)
多网卡绑定一个IPbonding
Mode 0 (balance-rr)：轮转（Round-robin）策略：从头到尾顺序的在每一个slave接口上面发送数据包。本模式提供负载均衡和容错的能力
Mode 1 (active-backup)：活动-备份（主备）策略：只有一个slave被激活，当且仅当活动的slave接口失败时才会激活其他slave。为了避免交换机发生混乱此时绑定的MAC地址只有一个外部端口上可见
Mode 3(broadcast)：广播策略：在所有的slave接口上传送所有的报文提供容错
[root@mail ~]# cat /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-bond0
DEVICE=bond0
BOOTPROTO=none
IPADDR=192.168.10.37
PREFIX=24
GATEWAY=192.168.10.2
BONDING_OPTS="mode=1 miimon=100"模式为1模式
[root@mail ~]# cat /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0
DEVICE=eth0
TYPE=Ethernet
UUID=985636c1-f56c-40fb-b4c0-ff18e376fb22
MASTER=bond0
SLAVE=yes
[root@mail ~]# cat /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth1
DEVICE=eth1
TYPE=Ethernet
MASTER=bond0
SLAVE=yes
[root@mail network-scripts]# service network restart
[root@mail ~]# ip a
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN
link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
inet6 ::1/128 scope host
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,SLAVE,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast master bond0 state UP qlen 1000
link/ether 00:0c:29:8b:16:7f brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
3: eth1: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,SLAVE,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast master bond0 state UP qlen 1000
link/ether 00:0c:29:8b:16:7f brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
4: bond0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,MASTER,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state UP
link/ether 00:0c:29:8b:16:7f brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 192.168.10.37/24 brd 192.168.10.255 scope global bond0
inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fe8b:167f/64 scope link
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
查看bond状态信息
[root@mail ~]# cat /proc/net/bonding/bond0 Ethernet Channel Bonding Driver: v3.7.1 (April 27, 2011) Bonding Mode: fault-tolerance (active-backup) Primary Slave: None Currently Active Slave: eth0 MII Status: up MII Polling Interval (ms): 100 Up Delay (ms): 0 Down Delay (ms): 0 Slave Interface: eth0 MII Status: up Speed: 1000 Mbps Duplex: full Link Failure Count: 0 Permanent HW addr: 00:0c:29:8b:16:7f Slave queue ID: 0 Slave Interface: eth1 MII Status: up Speed: 1000 Mbps Duplex: full Link Failure Count: 0 Permanent HW addr: 00:0c:29:8b:16:89 Slave queue ID: 0
切换3模式
[root@mail ~]# vim /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-bond0
DEVICE=bond0
BOOTPROTO=none
IPADDR=192.168.10.37
PREFIX=24
GATEWAY=192.168.10.2
BONDING_OPTS="mode=3 miimon=100"
[root@mail ~]# service network restart
正在关闭接口 bond0： [确定]
关闭环回接口： [确定]
弹出环回接口： [确定]
弹出界面 bond0： Determining if ip address 192.168.10.37 is already in use for device bond0...
[root@mail ~]# ip a
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN
link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
inet6 ::1/128 scope host
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,SLAVE,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast master bond0 state UP qlen 1000
link/ether 00:0c:29:8b:16:7f brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
3: eth1: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,SLAVE,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast master bond0 state UP qlen 1000
link/ether 00:0c:29:8b:16:7f brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
4: bond0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,MASTER,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state UP
link/ether 00:0c:29:8b:16:7f brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 192.168.10.37/24 brd 192.168.10.255 scope global bond0
inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fe8b:167f/64 scope link tentative dadfailed
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
[确定]
[root@mail ~]# cat /proc/net/bonding/bond0
Ethernet Channel Bonding Driver: v3.7.1 (April 27, 2011)
Bonding Mode: fault-tolerance (broadcast)
MII Status: up
MII Polling Interval (ms): 100
Up Delay (ms): 0
Down Delay (ms): 0
Slave Interface: eth0
MII Status: up
Speed: 1000 Mbps
Duplex: full
Link Failure Count: 0
Permanent HW addr: 00:0c:29:8b:16:7f
Slave queue ID: 0
Slave Interface: eth1
MII Status: up
Speed: 1000 Mbps
Duplex: full
Link Failure Count: 0
Permanent HW addr: 00:0c:29:8b:16:89
Slave queue ID: 0
[root@mail ~]# cat /proc/net/bonding/bond0
Ethernet Channel Bonding Driver: v3.7.1 (April 27, 2011)
Bonding Mode: fault-tolerance (broadcast)
MII Status: up
MII Polling Interval (ms): 100
Up Delay (ms): 0
Down Delay (ms): 0
Slave Interface: eth0
MII Status: up
Speed: 1000 Mbps
Duplex: full
Link Failure Count: 0
Permanent HW addr: 00:0c:29:8b:16:7f
Slave queue ID: 0
Slave Interface: eth1
MII Status: up
Speed: 1000 Mbps
Duplex: full
Link Failure Count: 0
Permanent HW addr: 00:0c:29:8b:16:89
Slave queue ID: 0
查看ping
[root@mast ~]# ping 192.168.10.37 PING 192.168.10.37 (192.168.10.37) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 192.168.10.37: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=9.46 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.10.37: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=9.50 ms (DUP!) 64 bytes from 192.168.10.37: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.808 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.10.37: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.863 ms (DUP!) 64 bytes from 192.168.10.37: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.538 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.10.37: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.583 ms (DUP!)
删除bond操作
[root@mail ~]# cd /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/
[root@mail network-scripts]# rm -rf ifcfg-bond0
[root@mail network-scripts]# vim ifcfg-eth0
DEVICE=eth0
TYPE=Ethernet
UUID=985636c1-f56c-40fb-b4c0-ff18e376fb22
ONBOOT=yes
NM_CONTROLLED=yes
BOOTPROTO=none
HWADDR=00:0C:29:8B:16:7F
IPADDR=192.168.10.36
PREFIX=24
GATEWAY=192.168.10.2
DNS1=8.8.8.8
DEFROUTE=yes
IPV4_FAILURE_FATAL=yes
IPV6INIT=no
NAME="System eth0"
[root@mail network-scripts]# service network restart
正在关闭接口 eth0： [确定]
关闭环回接口： [确定]
弹出环回接口： [确定]
弹出界面 eth0： Determining if ip address 192.168.10.36 is already in use for device eth0...
[确定]
[root@mail network-scripts]# ifconfig bond0 down
[root@mail network-scripts]# lsmod | grep bond
bonding 132885 0
[root@mail network-scripts]# rmmod bonding 卸载模块
centos 7 网络相关设置
修改网卡的命名/etc/grub2.cfg 添加net.ifnames=0；重启
[root@mast network-scripts]# diff /etc/grub2.cfg /etc/grub2.cfg.bakl 100c100 < linux16 /vmlinuz-3.10.0-862.el7.x86_64 root=/dev/mapper/centos-root ro crashkernel=auto rd.lvm.lv=centos/root rd.lvm.lv=centos/swap rhgb quiet LANG=zh_CN.UTF-8 net.ifnames=0 --- > linux16 /vmlinuz-3.10.0-862.el7.x86_64 root=/dev/mapper/centos-root ro crashkernel=auto rd.lvm.lv=centos/root rd.lvm.lv=centos/swap rhgb quiet LANG=zh_CN.UTF-8
主机名修改
[root@mast ~]# hostnamectl set-hostname chenxi && exec bash [root@chenxi ~]# hostname chenxi
查看网卡配置文件链接
[root@chenxi ~]# nmcli connection show NAME UUID TYPE DEVICE ens33 c96bc909-188e-ec64-3a96-6a90982b08ad ethernet ens33 有线连接 1 f311a268-c621-31f7-b511-c49148f85f08 ethernet ens37
修改配置文件的名字
[root@chenxi ~]# nmcli connection modify 有线连接 1 connection.id ens37 [root@chenxi ~]# nmcli connection show NAME UUID TYPE DEVICE ens33 c96bc909-188e-ec64-3a96-6a90982b08ad ethernet ens33 ens37 f311a268-c621-31f7-b511-c49148f85f08 ethernet ens37
添加网络配置文件
[root@chenxi ~]# nmcli connection add con-name chenxi-1 type ethernet ifname ens33
连接“chenxi-1”(36fb46d4-3306-4f65-be1d-90d26e6c82b2) 已成功添加。
[root@chenxi ~]# nmcli connection show
NAME UUID TYPE DEVICE
ens33 c96bc909-188e-ec64-3a96-6a90982b08ad ethernet ens33
ens37 f311a268-c621-31f7-b511-c49148f85f08 ethernet ens37
chenxi-1 36fb46d4-3306-4f65-be1d-90d26e6c82b2 ethernet --
[root@chenxi ~]# nmcli connection modify chenxi-1 connection.autoconnect yes ipv4.addresses 192.168.10.40/24 ipv4.method manual ipv4.gateway 192.168.10.2 ipv4.dns 8.8.8.8
[root@chenxi ~]# cat /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-chenxi-1
TYPE=Ethernet
PROXY_METHOD=none
BROWSER_ONLY=no
BOOTPROTO=none
DEFROUTE=yes
IPV4_FAILURE_FATAL=no
IPV6INIT=yes
IPV6_AUTOCONF=yes
IPV6_DEFROUTE=yes
IPV6_FAILURE_FATAL=no
IPV6_ADDR_GEN_MODE=stable-privacy
NAME=chenxi-1
UUID=36fb46d4-3306-4f65-be1d-90d26e6c82b2
DEVICE=ens33
ONBOOT=yes
IPADDR=192.168.10.40
PREFIX=24
GATEWAY=192.168.10.2
DNS1=8.8.8.8
[root@chenxi ~]# nmcli connection up chenxi-1
[root@chenxi ~]# nmcli connection show
NAME UUID TYPE DEVICE
chenxi-1 36fb46d4-3306-4f65-be1d-90d26e6c82b2 ethernet ens33
ens37 f311a268-c621-31f7-b511-c49148f85f08 ethernet ens37
ens33 c96bc909-188e-ec64-3a96-6a90982b08ad ethernet --
[root@chenxi ~]# ip a
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000
link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 ::1/128 scope host
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: ens33: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP group default qlen 1000
link/ether 00:0c:29:40:c2:01 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 192.168.10.40/24 brd 192.168.10.255 scope global noprefixroute ens33
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 fe80::1af5:4cf9:3e47:4bd7/64 scope link noprefixroute
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
3: ens37: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP group default qlen 1000
link/ether 00:0c:29:40:c2:0b brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 192.168.10.133/24 brd 192.168.10.255 scope global noprefixroute dynamic ens37
valid_lft 1196sec preferred_lft 1196sec
inet6 fe80::24a2:2585:2b12:e5ab/64 scope link noprefixroute
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
网桥设置
[root@chenxi ~]# nmcli connection add type bridge con-name br0 ifname br0 ipv4.method manual ipv4.addresses 192.168.10.51/24
连接“br0”(f05c3652-50f0-4dbb-a6cd-b82d51832a74) 已成功添加。
[root@chenxi ~]# ip a
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000
link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 ::1/128 scope host
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: ens33: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP group default qlen 1000
link/ether 00:0c:29:40:c2:01 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 192.168.10.40/24 brd 192.168.10.255 scope global noprefixroute ens33
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 fe80::1af5:4cf9:3e47:4bd7/64 scope link noprefixroute
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
3: ens37: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP group default qlen 1000
link/ether 00:0c:29:40:c2:0b brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 192.168.10.133/24 brd 192.168.10.255 scope global noprefixroute dynamic ens37
valid_lft 1251sec preferred_lft 1251sec
inet6 fe80::24a2:2585:2b12:e5ab/64 scope link noprefixroute
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
4: br0: <NO-CARRIER,BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state DOWN group default qlen 1000
link/ether ba:0d:53:8d:da:ea brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 192.168.10.51/24 brd 192.168.10.255 scope global noprefixroute br0
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
[root@chenxi ~]# nmcli connection add type bridge-slave ifname ens37 master br0
连接“bridge-slave-ens37”(67f5427f-a911-4135-bb96-0ad46061f6ec) 已成功添加。
[root@chenxi ~]# nmcli connection add type bridge-slave ifname ens33 master br0
连接“bridge-slave-ens33”(06ffd910-b441-4ac5-aa1c-eef4da302836) 已成功添加。
[root@chenxi ~]# nmcli connection show
NAME UUID TYPE DEVICE
br0 f05c3652-50f0-4dbb-a6cd-b82d51832a74 bridge br0
chenxi-1 36fb46d4-3306-4f65-be1d-90d26e6c82b2 ethernet ens33
ens37 f311a268-c621-31f7-b511-c49148f85f08 ethernet ens37
bridge-slave-ens33 06ffd910-b441-4ac5-aa1c-eef4da302836 ethernet --
bridge-slave-ens37 67f5427f-a911-4135-bb96-0ad46061f6ec ethernet --
ens33 c96bc909-188e-ec64-3a96-6a90982b08ad ethernet --
[root@chenxi ~]# nmcli connection up bridge-slave-ens37
连接已成功激活（D-Bus 活动路径：/org/freedesktop/NetworkManager/ActiveConnection/5）
[root@chenxi ~]# nmcli connection up bridge-slave-ens33
连接已成功激活（D-Bus 活动路径：/org/freedesktop/NetworkManager/ActiveConnection/6）
[root@chenxi ~]# ip a
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000
link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 ::1/128 scope host
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: ens33: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast master br0 state UP group default qlen 1000
link/ether 00:0c:29:40:c2:01 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
3: ens37: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast master br0 state UP group default qlen 1000
link/ether 00:0c:29:40:c2:0b brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
4: br0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state UP group default qlen 1000
link/ether 00:0c:29:40:c2:01 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 192.168.10.51/24 brd 192.168.10.255 scope global noprefixroute br0
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 fe80::68de:39ed:8be:e421/64 scope link noprefixroute
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
删除网桥配置
[root@chenxi ~]# nmcli connection down br0