C#Winform实时更新数据库信息Demo(使用Scoket)

最近在贴吧上看到有个提问就是关于怎么在Winform上实时的更新数据

提问者提到的是利用Timer去轮询,但最后经过网上查了下资料,感觉Socket也是可行的,

于是就写了这个Demo

这个Demo的思路很简单:

有一个Socket服务端,只负责接收多个客户端传过来的讯息,根据讯息内容去判断是否广播

这里每一个winform窗体程序就是一个Socket客户端,如果窗体上对数据库做了更新(例如增,删,改)操作

就会调用一个方法,该方法主要是向Socket服务端发送一个字符串"1"

当Socket服务端接收到了字符串为"1"时,则广播给所有客户端一个字符串"1"

而当客户端接收到服务端传过来一个"1"时,则立即执行数据绑定的方法(重新将界面的DataGridVeiw数据绑定)

这样就实现了一有数据改变就实时刷新的效果

下面贴出各部分代码

================服务端====================================================

服务端的界面,比较简单

public partial class Server : Form
    {
        public Server()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 已连接上的客户端集合
        /// </summary>
        List<Socket> clinetSockets;
        /// <summary>
        /// 服务端主Socket
        /// </summary>
        Socket socket;

        /// <summary>
        /// 设置数据缓冲区
        /// </summary>
        private byte[] result = new byte[1024];

        /// <summary>
        /// 开启侦听按钮点击事件
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="sender"></param>
        /// <param name="e"></param>
        private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            //初始化
            clinetSockets = new List<Socket>();
            //创建socket对象
             socket = new Socket(AddressFamily.InterNetwork, SocketType.Stream, ProtocolType.Tcp);

            //获取ip地址和端口(其实应该把它放在配置文件中,客户端的ip和port都放在配置文件中)
            IPAddress ip = IPAddress.Parse(txtIPAddress.Text.Trim());
            int port = Convert.ToInt32(txtPort.Text.Trim());
            IPEndPoint point = new IPEndPoint(ip, port);

            //绑定ip和端口
            socket.Bind(point);
            //设置最大连接数
            socket.Listen(10);

            listBox1.Items.Add("服务器已开启,等待客户端连接中.....");

            //开启新线程监听
            Thread serverThread = new Thread(ListenClientConnect);
            serverThread.IsBackground = true;
            serverThread.Start(socket);

        }

        
        /// <summary>
        /// 监听传入
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="ar"></param>
        private void ListenClientConnect(object ar)
        {
            //设置标志
            bool flag = true;
            //获得服务器的Socket
            Socket serverSocket = ar as Socket;
            //轮询
            while (flag)
            {
                //获得连入的客户端socket
                Socket clientSocket = serverSocket.Accept();
                //将新加入的客户端加入列表中
                clinetSockets.Add(clientSocket);

                //向listbox中写入消息
                listBox1.Invoke(new Action(() => {
                    listBox1.Items.Add(string.Format("客户端{0}已成功连接到服务器
", clientSocket.RemoteEndPoint));
                }));
                //开启新的线程,进行监听客户端消息
                var mReveiveThread = new Thread(ReceiveClient);
                mReveiveThread.IsBackground = true;
                mReveiveThread.Start(clientSocket);
            }

        }
       
        /// <summary>
        /// 接收客户端传过来的数据
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="obj"></param>
        private void ReceiveClient(object obj)
        {
            //获取当前客户端
            //因为每次发送消息的可能并不是同一个客户端，所以需要使用var来实例化一个新的对象
            //可是我感觉这里用局部变量更好一点
            var mClientSocket = (Socket)obj;
            // 循环标志位
            bool flag = true;
            while (flag)
            {
                try
                {
                    //获取数据长度
                    int receiveLength = mClientSocket.Receive(result);
                    //获取客户端消息
                    string clientMessage = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(result, 0, receiveLength);
                    //服务端负责将客户端的消息分发给各个客户端
                    //判断客户端发来的消息是否是预定的标志
                    if (clientMessage=="1")
                    {
                        //通知各客户端
                        this.SendMessage("1");
                    }

                    //向listbox中写入消息
                    listBox1.Invoke(new Action(() => {
                        listBox1.Items.Add(string.Format("客户端{0}发来消息{1}", mClientSocket.RemoteEndPoint, clientMessage));
                    }));

                }
                catch(Exception e)
                {
                    //从客户端列表中移除该客户端
                    clinetSockets.Remove(mClientSocket);
                    
                    //显示客户端下线消息
                    listBox1.Invoke(new Action(() =>
                    {
                        listBox1.Items.Add(string.Format("服务器发来消息:客户端{0}从服务器断开,断开原因:{1}
", mClientSocket.RemoteEndPoint, e.Message));
                    }));

                    //断开连接
                    mClientSocket.Shutdown(SocketShutdown.Both);
                    mClientSocket.Close();
                    break;
                }
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 向所有的客户端群发消息
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="msg">message</param>
        public void SendMessage(string msg)
        {
            //确保消息非空以及客户端列表非空
            if (msg == string.Empty || clinetSockets.Count <= 0) return;
            //向每一个客户端发送消息
            foreach (Socket s in this.clinetSockets)
            {
                (s as Socket).Send(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(msg));
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 窗体关闭后释放资源
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="sender"></param>
        /// <param name="e"></param>
        private void Server_FormClosing(object sender, FormClosingEventArgs e)
        {
            
        }
    }

======================================客户端=================================

public partial class Clinet : Form
    {
        public Clinet()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
        }

        //创建数据对象
        Data get = new 客户端.Data();

        /// <summary>
        /// 客户端的Socket
        /// </summary>
        Socket clinet;

        private void Clinet_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            RefTable();
            //创建socket
            CreateSocket();
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 创建客户端的Socket
        /// </summary>
        private void CreateSocket()
        {
            // 创建socket
            clinet = new Socket(AddressFamily.InterNetwork, SocketType.Stream, ProtocolType.Tcp);
            //连接
            //获得ip和端口(读取配置文件)
            var app = System.Configuration.ConfigurationManager.AppSettings;
            IPEndPoint point = new IPEndPoint(IPAddress.Parse(app["ip"]), Convert.ToInt32(app["port"]));

            //连接服务器
            clinet.Connect(point);

            //开启新线程获取服务器端消息
            Thread thClinet = new Thread(new ThreadStart(CallRec));
            thClinet.IsBackground = true;
            thClinet.Start();
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 接收消息
        /// </summary>
        private void CallRec()
        {
            bool flag = true;
            while (flag)
            {
                byte[] recBuf = new byte[1024];
                //获取返回数据的长度
                int length = clinet.Receive(recBuf);
                //获取监听到的数据
                string reslut = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(recBuf, 0, length);

                if (reslut == "1")
                {
                    //刷新表格数据
                    RefTable();
                }
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 刷新表格
        /// </summary>
        private void RefTable()
        {
            dataGridView1.Invoke(new Action(() =>
            {
                dataGridView1.DataSource = get.GetPersonList();
            }));
            
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 添加数据事件
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="sender"></param>
        /// <param name="e"></param>
        private void btnAdd_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            //获取用户输入
            string name = txtAddName.Text;
            int age = Convert.ToInt32(txtAgeAdd.Text);
            string phone = txtPhoneAdd.Text;

            //实例化一个数据对象
            Person p = new Person() { Name = name, Age = age, Phone = phone };
            //写入数据
            AddList(p);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 写入数据
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="p"></param>
        private void AddList(Person p)
        {
            //获取数据集合
            List<Person> list = dataGridView1.DataSource as List<Person>;
            //加入数据
            list.Add(p);
            //加入数据
            bool b = get.Add(list);
            if (b)
            {
                MessageBox.Show("增加成功");
                //增加成功后发送socket信息
                //向服务器发送消息
                clinet.Send(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes("1"));
            }
            else
            {
                MessageBox.Show("增加失败");
            }
        }
       

        private void Clinet_FormClosing(object sender, FormClosingEventArgs e)
        {
           
        }
    }

客户端是读取的本地Json数据创建的对象集合用以模拟数据库

class Person
    {
        public string Name { get; set; }
        public int Age { get; set; }
        public string Phone { get; set; }
    }

 class Data
    {
        System.Web.Script.Serialization.JavaScriptSerializer js = new System.Web.Script.Serialization.JavaScriptSerializer();
        public List<Person> GetPersonList()
        {
            //读取json数据
            string jsonStr = File.ReadAllText("Data.json");
            
            List<Person> list = js.Deserialize<List<Person>>(jsonStr);
            return list;
        }

        public bool Add(List<Person> list)
        {
            //向数据中覆盖追加
            string strJson = js.Serialize(list);
            try
            {
                File.WriteAllText("Data.json", strJson);
                return true;
            }
            catch
            {

                return false;
            }
           
        }
    }

Data.json数据

[
  {
    "name": "张三",
    "age": 14,
    "phone": "13888888888"
  },
  {
    "name": "张三",
    "age": 14,
    "phone": "13888888888"
  },
  {
    "name": "张三",
    "age": 14,
    "phone": "13888888888"
  },
  {
    "name": "张三",
    "age": 14,
    "phone": "13888888888"
  },
  {
    "name": "张三",
    "age": 14,
    "phone": "13888888888"
  },
  {
    "name": "张三",
    "age": 14,
    "phone": "13888888888"
  },
  {
    "name": "张三",
    "age": 14,
    "phone": "13888888888"
  }
]

====================================运行效果图==============================

=========================================分割线==================================

其实个人觉得可以把服务端做成一个Windows服务更好

代码打包地址(内含windows服务代码)

关于如何将windows服务如何安装到服务中,网上教程很多,请自行百度

https://pan.baidu.com/s/1J6SIGxwzzvG-B1ACyDWPKw

个人拙作,敬请谅解.