一、Nginx 安装
更新软件源
sudo apt-get update
安装 Nginx
sudo apt-get install nginx
配置 Nginx
1.安装 sysv-rc-con
sudo apt-get install sysv-rc-conf
若未报错即安装成功，若出现以下报错
E: Unable to locate package sysv-rc-conf
打开软件源列表 sources.list 文件
sudo vim /etc/apt/sources.list
按 i 进入insert模式，在文本末尾添加如下内容：
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty main universe restricted multiverse
按键盘 esc 退出输入模式
按 :wq 保存退出
（后续涉及vim命令的操作方式均同上）
更新软件源
sudo apt-get update
重新安装 sysv-rc-con
sudo apt-get install sysv-rc-conf
2.设置 Nginx 开机启动
sudo sysv-rc-conf nginx on
3.允许 Nginx 通过防火墙
sudo ufw status
sudo ufw allow 'Nginx HTTP'
4.启动 Nginx
service nginx start
5.测试 Nginx 服务正常运行
浏览器中输入服务器公网IP，页面显示如下图，即表示 Nginx 配置成功
二、MySQL安装
安装MySQL服务
sudo apt-get install mysql-server
初始无密码进入MySQL
mysql -u root -p
配置MySQL密码
# 查看初识密码策略
SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'validate_password%';
# 设置密码等级全局参数为LOW
set global validate_password_policy=LOW;
# 设置密码长度为4
set global validate_password_length=4;
# 选择数据库mysql
use mysql;
# 修改root账户的密码为root
update mysql.user set authentication_string=password('root') where user='root' and Host ='localhost';
# 保存信息并退出
update user set plugin="mysql_native_password";
flush privileges;
quit;
三、PHP安装
安装PHP服务
sudo apt-get install php-fpm php-mysql
查看安装的PHP版本号（后续涉及到版本号的地方，需要修改为你当前的PHP版本）
# 进入PHP安装位置
cd /etc/php/
# 查看安装的PHP版本
ls
# 显示 7.2
# 表示我电脑当前安装的PHP版本是 7.2
修改PHP配置文件（注意版本号）
sudo vim /etc/php/7.2/fpm/php.ini
找到773行左右
;cgi.fix_pathinfo=1
修改为
cgi.fix_pathinfo=0
重启PHP服务（注意版本号）
sudo systemctl restart php7.2-fpm
四、配置Nginx
修改nginx配置
第一步
sudo vim /etc/nginx/sites-available/default
修改内容为（注意版本号）：
server {
listen 80 default_server;
listen [::]:80 default_server;
# SSL configuration
#
# listen 443 ssl default_server;
# listen [::]:443 ssl default_server;
#
# Note: You should disable gzip for SSL traffic.
# See: https://bugs.debian.org/773332
#
# Read up on ssl_ciphers to ensure a secure configuration.
# See: https://bugs.debian.org/765782
#
# Self signed certs generated by the ssl-cert package
# Don't use them in a production server!
#
# include snippets/snakeoil.conf;
root /var/www/html;
# Add index.php to the list if you are using PHP
index index.php index.html index.htm index.nginx-debian.html;
server_name server_domain_or_IP;
location / {
# First attempt to serve request as file, then
# as directory, then fall back to displaying a 404.
try_files $uri $uri/ =404;
}
# pass PHP scripts to FastCGI server
#
location ~ .php$ {
include snippets/fastcgi-php.conf;
# With php-fpm (or other unix sockets):
fastcgi_pass unix:/var/run/php/php7.2-fpm.sock;
# With php-cgi (or other tcp sockets):
#fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
}
# deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root
# concurs with nginx's one
#
location ~ /.ht {
deny all;
}
}
第二步
sudo vim /etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf
输入以下内容：
server {
listen 80;
root /usr/share/nginx/html;
server_name localhost;
#charset koi8-r;
#access_log /var/log/nginx/log/host.access.log main;
location / {
index index.php index.html index.htm;
}
#error_page 404 /404.html;
#redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html#
error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
location = /50x.html {
root /usr/share/nginx/html;
}
#pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000#
location ~ .php$ {
fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
fastcgi_index index.php;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
include fastcgi_params;
}
}
重启Nginx服务
sudo nginx -s reload
五、环境测试
创建PHP文件
sudo vim /var/www/html/info.php
输入以下内容：
<?php
phpinfo();
?>
浏览器中输入地址访问该文件
公网IP/info.php
或
域名/info.php
页面显示如下图，即表示LNMP环境搭建完毕
六、服务器常用路径
网页项目文件放置目录： /var/www/html
Nginx安装配置目录： /etc/nginx
PHP安装配置目录： /etc/php
Mysql安装配置目录： /etc/mysql