机器学习sklearn（47）： 特征工程（十四） 特征选择（五）Embedded嵌入法/Wrapper包装法

1 Embedded嵌入法

 

 

 

 

 

 

from sklearn.feature_selection import SelectFromModel
from sklearn.ensemble import RandomForestClassifier as RFC
RFC_ = RFC(n_estimators =10,random_state=0)
X_embedded = SelectFromModel(RFC_,threshold=0.005).fit_transform(X,y) #在这里我只想取出来有限的特征。0.005这个阈值对于有780个特征的数据来说，是非常高的阈值，因为平均每个特征
只能够分到大约0.001的feature_importances_
X_embedded.shape
#模型的维度明显被降低了
#同样的，我们也可以画学习曲线来找最佳阈值
#======【TIME WARNING：10 mins】======#
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
RFC_.fit(X,y).feature_importances_
threshold = np.linspace(0,(RFC_.fit(X,y).feature_importances_).max(),20)
score = []
for i in threshold:
    X_embedded = SelectFromModel(RFC_,threshold=i).fit_transform(X,y)
    once = cross_val_score(RFC_,X_embedded,y,cv=5).mean()
    score.append(once)
plt.plot(threshold,score)
plt.show()

 

X_embedded = SelectFromModel(RFC_,threshold=0.00067).fit_transform(X,y)
X_embedded.shape
cross_val_score(RFC_,X_embedded,y,cv=5).mean()

#======【TIME WARNING：10 mins】======#
score2 = []
for i in np.linspace(0,0.00134,20):
    X_embedded = SelectFromModel(RFC_,threshold=i).fit_transform(X,y)
    once = cross_val_score(RFC_,X_embedded,y,cv=5).mean()
    score2.append(once)
plt.figure(figsize=[20,5])
plt.plot(np.linspace(0,0.00134,20),score2)
plt.xticks(np.linspace(0,0.00134,20))
plt.show()

 

X_embedded = SelectFromModel(RFC_,threshold=0.000564).fit_transform(X,y)
X_embedded.shape
cross_val_score(RFC_,X_embedded,y,cv=5).mean()
#=====【TIME WARNING：2 min】=====#
#我们可能已经找到了现有模型下的最佳结果，如果我们调整一下随机森林的参数呢？
cross_val_score(RFC(n_estimators=100,random_state=0),X_embedded,y,cv=5).mean()

 2 Wrapper包装法

 

 

 

from sklearn.feature_selection import RFE
RFC_ = RFC(n_estimators =10,random_state=0)
selector = RFE(RFC_, n_features_to_select=340, step=50).fit(X, y)
selector.support_.sum()
selector.ranking_
X_wrapper = selector.transform(X)
cross_val_score(RFC_,X_wrapper,y,cv=5).mean()

我们也可以对包装法画学习曲线： 

#======【TIME WARNING: 15 mins】======#
score = []
for i in range(1,751,50):
    X_wrapper = RFE(RFC_,n_features_to_select=i, step=50).fit_transform(X,y)
    once = cross_val_score(RFC_,X_wrapper,y,cv=5).mean()
    score.append(once)
plt.figure(figsize=[20,5])
plt.plot(range(1,751,50),score)
plt.xticks(range(1,751,50))
plt.show()

 

 3  特征选择总结

参考;https://blog.csdn.net/kylin_learn/article/details/82658673