有些时候,我们在复制/移动文件 到另一台机器时会用到scp,因为它比较安全。但如果每次
都要输入密码,就比较烦了,尤其是在script里。不过,ssh有另一种用密钥对来验证的方
式。下面写出我生成密匙对的过程,供大家参考。
[user1@rh user1]$ ssh-keygen -t rsa Generating public/private rsa key pair. Enter file in which to save the key (/home/user1/.ssh/id_rsa): Created directory '/home/user1/.ssh'. Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase): Enter same passphrase again: Your identification has been saved in /home/user1/.ssh/id_rsa. Your public key has been saved in /home/user1/.ssh/id_rsa.pub. The key fingerprint is: e0:f0:3b:d3:0a:3d:da:42:01:6a:61:2f:6c:a0:c6:e7 user1@rh.test.com [user1@rh user1]$
生成的过程中提示输入密钥对保存位置,直接回车,接受默认值就行了。接着会提示输入一
个不同于你的password的密码,直接回车,让它空着。当然,也可以输入一个。(我比较懒
,不想每次都要输入密码。) 这样,密钥对就生成完了。
其中公共密钥保存在 ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub
私有密钥保存在 ~/.ssh/id_rsa
然后改一下 .ssh 目录的权限,使用命令 "chmod 755 ~/.ssh"
[user1@rh user1]$ chmod 755 ~/.ssh [user1@rh user1]$
之后把这个密钥对中的公共密钥复制到你要访问的机器上去,并保存为
~/.ssh/authorized_keys.
[user1@rh user1]$ scp ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub rh1:/home/user1/.ssh/authorized_keys user1@rh1's password: id_rsa.pub 100% 228 3.2MB/s 00:00 [user1@rh user1]$
之这样就大功告成了。之后你再用ssh scp sftp 之类的访问那台机器时,就不用输入密码
了,用在script上更是方便。
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转自 http://bbs.chinaunix.net/viewthread.php?tid=343905&extra=page%3D17%26filter%3Ddigest