leetcode 1306. Jump Game III

Given an array of non-negative integers arr, you are initially positioned at start index of the array. When you are at index i, you can jump to i + arr[i] or i - arr[i], check if you can reach to anyindex with value 0.

Notice that you can not jump outside of the array at any time.

Example 1:

Input: arr = [4,2,3,0,3,1,2], start = 5
Output: true
Explanation: 
All possible ways to reach at index 3 with value 0 are: 
index 5 -> index 4 -> index 1 -> index 3 
index 5 -> index 6 -> index 4 -> index 1 -> index 3 

Example 2:

Input: arr = [4,2,3,0,3,1,2], start = 0
Output: true 
Explanation: 
One possible way to reach at index 3 with value 0 is: 
index 0 -> index 4 -> index 1 -> index 3

Example 3:

Input: arr = [3,0,2,1,2], start = 2
Output: false
Explanation: There is no way to reach at index 1 with value 0.

Constraints:

• 1 <= arr.length <= 5 * 10^4
• 0 <= arr[i] < arr.length
• 0 <= start < arr.length

题目大意：给定一个数组arr和数组的索引start，当在索引i位置，可以跳到 $i + arr[i]$或者$i - arr[i]$处。注：不能跳到数组外。

思路：可能的路径可以限制为每个位置只跳过一次，这样可以减小路径长度。当在某一个位置，向左和向右跳的位置都已经跳过时，表明这个位置不可能到达0.

用bfs很容易解决。

class Solution {
public:
    bool canReach(vector<int>& arr, int start) {
        // ios_base::sync_with_stdio(false);
        // cin.tie(nullptr);
        // cout.tie(nullptr);
        bool flag = false; //判定是否可到达的标志
        int len = arr.size(); 
        vector<bool> visited(len, false); //广搜过程中每个元素只能访问一次
        queue<int> q;
        
        if (arr[start] == 0)
            return true;
        q.push(start);
        visited[start] = true;
        while (!q.empty()) {
            int sz = q.size(); //当前层次的队列中的所有元素进行一次跳跃
            for (int i = 0; i < sz; i++) {
                int index = q.front();
                q.pop();
                int left = index + arr[index], right = index - arr[index];
                //向左跳，如果计算得到的索引还在数组内，并且之前没有跳过，就可以跳
                if (left >= 0 && left < len && (visited[left] == false)) {
                    if (arr[left] == 0) { //如果此时数组值为0，则返回true
                        flag = true;
                        return flag;
                    } else {
                        visited[left] = true;
                        q.push(left);
                    }
                } 
                //向右跳，如果计算得到的索引还在数组内，并且之前没有跳过，就可以跳
                if (right >= 0 && right < len && (visited[right] == false)) {
                    if (arr[right] == 0) { //如果此时数组值为0，则返回true
                        flag = true;
                        return flag;
                    } else {
                        visited[right] = true;
                        q.push(right);
                    }
                }
            }
        }
        return false;
    }
};