SQL 函数

1.ucase（）——把字段的值转换为大写

2.lcase（）——把字段的值转换为小写

3.mid()——从文本字段中提取字符

SELECT MID(column_name,start[,length]) FROM table_name

column_name	必需。要提取字符的字段。
start	必需。规定开始位置（起始值是 1）。
length	可选。要返回的字符数。如果省略，则 MID() 函数返回剩余文本。

4.len（）——返回文本字段中值的长度

5.round（）——把数值字段舍入为指定的小数位

SELECT ROUND(column_name,decimals) FROM table_name

column_name	必需。要舍入的字段。
decimals	必需。规定要返回的小数位数。

6.NOW ()——返回当前的日期和时间。

7.format（）——对字段的显示进行格式化。

SELECT FORMAT(column_name,format) FROM table_name

column_name	必需。要格式化的字段。
format	必需。规定格式。

总结：

AND / OR	SELECT column_name(s) FROM table_name WHERE condition AND|OR condition
ALTER TABLE (add column)	ALTER TABLE table_name ADD column_name datatype
ALTER TABLE (drop column)	ALTER TABLE table_name DROP COLUMN column_name
AS (alias for column)	SELECT column_name AS column_alias FROM table_name
AS (alias for table)	SELECT column_name FROM table_name  AS table_alias
BETWEEN	SELECT column_name(s) FROM table_name WHERE column_name BETWEEN value1 AND value2
CREATE DATABASE	CREATE DATABASE database_name
CREATE INDEX	CREATE INDEX index_name ON table_name (column_name)
CREATE TABLE	CREATE TABLE table_name ( column_name1 data_type, column_name2 data_type, ....... )
CREATE UNIQUE INDEX	CREATE UNIQUE INDEX index_name ON table_name (column_name)
CREATE VIEW	CREATE VIEW view_name AS SELECT column_name(s) FROM table_name WHERE condition
DELETE FROM	DELETE FROM table_name (Note: Deletes the entire table!!) or DELETE FROM table_name WHERE condition
DROP DATABASE	DROP DATABASE database_name
DROP INDEX	DROP INDEX table_name.index_name
DROP TABLE	DROP TABLE table_name
GROUP BY	SELECT column_name1,SUM(column_name2) FROM table_name GROUP BY column_name1
HAVING	SELECT column_name1,SUM(column_name2) FROM table_name GROUP BY column_name1 HAVING SUM(column_name2) condition value
IN	SELECT column_name(s) FROM table_name WHERE column_name IN (value1,value2,..)
INSERT INTO	INSERT INTO table_name VALUES (value1, value2,....) or INSERT INTO table_name (column_name1, column_name2,...) VALUES (value1, value2,....)
LIKE	SELECT column_name(s) FROM table_name WHERE column_name LIKE pattern
ORDER BY	SELECT column_name(s) FROM table_name ORDER BY column_name [ASC|DESC]
SELECT	SELECT column_name(s) FROM table_name
SELECT *	SELECT * FROM table_name
SELECT DISTINCT	SELECT DISTINCT column_name(s) FROM table_name
SELECT INTO (used to create backup copies of tables)	SELECT * INTO new_table_name FROM original_table_name or SELECT column_name(s) INTO new_table_name FROM original_table_name
TRUNCATE TABLE (deletes only the data inside the table)	TRUNCATE TABLE table_name
UPDATE	UPDATE table_name SET column_name=new_value [, column_name=new_value] WHERE column_name=some_value
WHERE	SELECT column_name(s) FROM table_name WHERE condition