该工具类中用到了BASE64,需要借助第三方类库:javabase64-1.3.1.jar
下载地址:http://download.csdn.net/detail/centralperk/5025595
注意:
RSA加密明文最大长度117字节,解密要求密文最大长度为128字节,所以在加密和解密的过程中需要分块进行。
RSA加密对明文的长度是有限制的,如果加密数据过大会抛出如下异常:
- Exception in thread "main" javax.crypto.IllegalBlockSizeException: Data must not be longer than 117 bytes
- at com.sun.crypto.provider.RSACipher.a(DashoA13*..)
- at com.sun.crypto.provider.RSACipher.engineDoFinal(DashoA13*..)
- at javax.crypto.Cipher.doFinal(DashoA13*..)
RSAUtils.java
- package security;
- import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
- import java.security.Key;
- import java.security.KeyFactory;
- import java.security.KeyPair;
- import java.security.KeyPairGenerator;
- import java.security.PrivateKey;
- import java.security.PublicKey;
- import java.security.Signature;
- import java.security.interfaces.RSAPrivateKey;
- import java.security.interfaces.RSAPublicKey;
- import java.security.spec.PKCS8EncodedKeySpec;
- import java.security.spec.X509EncodedKeySpec;
- import java.util.HashMap;
- import java.util.Map;
- import javax.crypto.Cipher;
- /** *//**
- * <p>
- * RSA公钥/私钥/签名工具包
- * </p>
- * <p>
- * 罗纳德·李维斯特(Ron [R]ivest)、阿迪·萨莫尔(Adi [S]hamir)和伦纳德·阿德曼(Leonard [A]dleman)
- * </p>
- * <p>
- * 字符串格式的密钥在未在特殊说明情况下都为BASE64编码格式<br/>
- * 由于非对称加密速度极其缓慢,一般文件不使用它来加密而是使用对称加密,<br/>
- * 非对称加密算法可以用来对对称加密的密钥加密,这样保证密钥的安全也就保证了数据的安全
- * </p>
- *
- * @author IceWee
- * @date 2012-4-26
- * @version 1.0
- */
- public class RSAUtils {
- /** *//**
- * 加密算法RSA
- */
- public static final String KEY_ALGORITHM = "RSA";
- /** *//**
- * 签名算法
- */
- public static final String SIGNATURE_ALGORITHM = "MD5withRSA";
- /** *//**
- * 获取公钥的key
- */
- private static final String PUBLIC_KEY = "RSAPublicKey";
- /** *//**
- * 获取私钥的key
- */
- private static final String PRIVATE_KEY = "RSAPrivateKey";
- /** *//**
- * RSA最大加密明文大小
- */
- private static final int MAX_ENCRYPT_BLOCK = 117;
- /** *//**
- * RSA最大解密密文大小
- */
- private static final int MAX_DECRYPT_BLOCK = 128;
- /** *//**
- * <p>
- * 生成密钥对(公钥和私钥)
- * </p>
- *
- * @return
- * @throws Exception
- */
- public static Map<String, Object> genKeyPair() throws Exception {
- KeyPairGenerator keyPairGen = KeyPairGenerator.getInstance(KEY_ALGORITHM);
- keyPairGen.initialize(1024);
- KeyPair keyPair = keyPairGen.generateKeyPair();
- RSAPublicKey publicKey = (RSAPublicKey) keyPair.getPublic();
- RSAPrivateKey privateKey = (RSAPrivateKey) keyPair.getPrivate();
- Map<String, Object> keyMap = new HashMap<String, Object>(2);
- keyMap.put(PUBLIC_KEY, publicKey);
- keyMap.put(PRIVATE_KEY, privateKey);
- return keyMap;
- }
- /** *//**
- * <p>
- * 用私钥对信息生成数字签名
- * </p>
- *
- * @param data 已加密数据
- * @param privateKey 私钥(BASE64编码)
- *
- * @return
- * @throws Exception
- */
- public static String sign(byte[] data, String privateKey) throws Exception {
- byte[] keyBytes = Base64Utils.decode(privateKey);
- PKCS8EncodedKeySpec pkcs8KeySpec = new PKCS8EncodedKeySpec(keyBytes);
- KeyFactory keyFactory = KeyFactory.getInstance(KEY_ALGORITHM);
- PrivateKey privateK = keyFactory.generatePrivate(pkcs8KeySpec);
- Signature signature = Signature.getInstance(SIGNATURE_ALGORITHM);
- signature.initSign(privateK);
- signature.update(data);
- return Base64Utils.encode(signature.sign());
- }
- /** *//**
- * <p>
- * 校验数字签名
- * </p>
- *
- * @param data 已加密数据
- * @param publicKey 公钥(BASE64编码)
- * @param sign 数字签名
- *
- * @return
- * @throws Exception
- *
- */
- public static boolean verify(byte[] data, String publicKey, String sign)
- throws Exception {
- byte[] keyBytes = Base64Utils.decode(publicKey);
- X509EncodedKeySpec keySpec = new X509EncodedKeySpec(keyBytes);
- KeyFactory keyFactory = KeyFactory.getInstance(KEY_ALGORITHM);
- PublicKey publicK = keyFactory.generatePublic(keySpec);
- Signature signature = Signature.getInstance(SIGNATURE_ALGORITHM);
- signature.initVerify(publicK);
- signature.update(data);
- return signature.verify(Base64Utils.decode(sign));
- }
- /** *//**
- * <P>
- * 私钥解密
- * </p>
- *
- * @param encryptedData 已加密数据
- * @param privateKey 私钥(BASE64编码)
- * @return
- * @throws Exception
- */
- public static byte[] decryptByPrivateKey(byte[] encryptedData, String privateKey)
- throws Exception {
- byte[] keyBytes = Base64Utils.decode(privateKey);
- PKCS8EncodedKeySpec pkcs8KeySpec = new PKCS8EncodedKeySpec(keyBytes);
- KeyFactory keyFactory = KeyFactory.getInstance(KEY_ALGORITHM);
- Key privateK = keyFactory.generatePrivate(pkcs8KeySpec);
- Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(keyFactory.getAlgorithm());
- cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, privateK);
- int inputLen = encryptedData.length;
- ByteArrayOutputStream out = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
- int offSet = 0;
- byte[] cache;
- int i = 0;
- // 对数据分段解密
- while (inputLen - offSet > 0) {
- if (inputLen - offSet > MAX_DECRYPT_BLOCK) {
- cache = cipher.doFinal(encryptedData, offSet, MAX_DECRYPT_BLOCK);
- } else {
- cache = cipher.doFinal(encryptedData, offSet, inputLen - offSet);
- }
- out.write(cache, 0, cache.length);
- i++;
- offSet = i * MAX_DECRYPT_BLOCK;
- }
- byte[] decryptedData = out.toByteArray();
- out.close();
- return decryptedData;
- }
- /** *//**
- * <p>
- * 公钥解密
- * </p>
- *
- * @param encryptedData 已加密数据
- * @param publicKey 公钥(BASE64编码)
- * @return
- * @throws Exception
- */
- public static byte[] decryptByPublicKey(byte[] encryptedData, String publicKey)
- throws Exception {
- byte[] keyBytes = Base64Utils.decode(publicKey);
- X509EncodedKeySpec x509KeySpec = new X509EncodedKeySpec(keyBytes);
- KeyFactory keyFactory = KeyFactory.getInstance(KEY_ALGORITHM);
- Key publicK = keyFactory.generatePublic(x509KeySpec);
- Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(keyFactory.getAlgorithm());
- cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, publicK);
- int inputLen = encryptedData.length;
- ByteArrayOutputStream out = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
- int offSet = 0;
- byte[] cache;
- int i = 0;
- // 对数据分段解密
- while (inputLen - offSet > 0) {
- if (inputLen - offSet > MAX_DECRYPT_BLOCK) {
- cache = cipher.doFinal(encryptedData, offSet, MAX_DECRYPT_BLOCK);
- } else {
- cache = cipher.doFinal(encryptedData, offSet, inputLen - offSet);
- }
- out.write(cache, 0, cache.length);
- i++;
- offSet = i * MAX_DECRYPT_BLOCK;
- }
- byte[] decryptedData = out.toByteArray();
- out.close();
- return decryptedData;
- }
- /** *//**
- * <p>
- * 公钥加密
- * </p>
- *
- * @param data 源数据
- * @param publicKey 公钥(BASE64编码)
- * @return
- * @throws Exception
- */
- public static byte[] encryptByPublicKey(byte[] data, String publicKey)
- throws Exception {
- byte[] keyBytes = Base64Utils.decode(publicKey);
- X509EncodedKeySpec x509KeySpec = new X509EncodedKeySpec(keyBytes);
- KeyFactory keyFactory = KeyFactory.getInstance(KEY_ALGORITHM);
- Key publicK = keyFactory.generatePublic(x509KeySpec);
- // 对数据加密
- Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(keyFactory.getAlgorithm());
- cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, publicK);
- int inputLen = data.length;
- ByteArrayOutputStream out = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
- int offSet = 0;
- byte[] cache;
- int i = 0;
- // 对数据分段加密
- while (inputLen - offSet > 0) {
- if (inputLen - offSet > MAX_ENCRYPT_BLOCK) {
- cache = cipher.doFinal(data, offSet, MAX_ENCRYPT_BLOCK);
- } else {
- cache = cipher.doFinal(data, offSet, inputLen - offSet);
- }
- out.write(cache, 0, cache.length);
- i++;
- offSet = i * MAX_ENCRYPT_BLOCK;
- }
- byte[] encryptedData = out.toByteArray();
- out.close();
- return encryptedData;
- }
- /** *//**
- * <p>
- * 私钥加密
- * </p>
- *
- * @param data 源数据
- * @param privateKey 私钥(BASE64编码)
- * @return
- * @throws Exception
- */
- public static byte[] encryptByPrivateKey(byte[] data, String privateKey)
- throws Exception {
- byte[] keyBytes = Base64Utils.decode(privateKey);
- PKCS8EncodedKeySpec pkcs8KeySpec = new PKCS8EncodedKeySpec(keyBytes);
- KeyFactory keyFactory = KeyFactory.getInstance(KEY_ALGORITHM);
- Key privateK = keyFactory.generatePrivate(pkcs8KeySpec);
- Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(keyFactory.getAlgorithm());
- cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, privateK);
- int inputLen = data.length;
- ByteArrayOutputStream out = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
- int offSet = 0;
- byte[] cache;
- int i = 0;
- // 对数据分段加密
- while (inputLen - offSet > 0) {
- if (inputLen - offSet > MAX_ENCRYPT_BLOCK) {
- cache = cipher.doFinal(data, offSet, MAX_ENCRYPT_BLOCK);
- } else {
- cache = cipher.doFinal(data, offSet, inputLen - offSet);
- }
- out.write(cache, 0, cache.length);
- i++;
- offSet = i * MAX_ENCRYPT_BLOCK;
- }
- byte[] encryptedData = out.toByteArray();
- out.close();
- return encryptedData;
- }
- /** *//**
- * <p>
- * 获取私钥
- * </p>
- *
- * @param keyMap 密钥对
- * @return
- * @throws Exception
- */
- public static String getPrivateKey(Map<String, Object> keyMap)
- throws Exception {
- Key key = (Key) keyMap.get(PRIVATE_KEY);
- return Base64Utils.encode(key.getEncoded());
- }
- /** *//**
- * <p>
- * 获取公钥
- * </p>
- *
- * @param keyMap 密钥对
- * @return
- * @throws Exception
- */
- public static String getPublicKey(Map<String, Object> keyMap)
- throws Exception {
- Key key = (Key) keyMap.get(PUBLIC_KEY);
- return Base64Utils.encode(key.getEncoded());
- }
- }
Base64Utils.java
- package security;
- import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
- import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
- import java.io.File;
- import java.io.FileInputStream;
- import java.io.FileOutputStream;
- import java.io.InputStream;
- import java.io.OutputStream;
- import it.sauronsoftware.base64.Base64;
- /** *//**
- * <p>
- * BASE64编码解码工具包
- * </p>
- * <p>
- * 依赖javabase64-1.3.1.jar
- * </p>
- *
- * @author IceWee
- * @date 2012-5-19
- * @version 1.0
- */
- public class Base64Utils {
- /** *//**
- * 文件读取缓冲区大小
- */
- private static final int CACHE_SIZE = 1024;
- /** *//**
- * <p>
- * BASE64字符串解码为二进制数据
- * </p>
- *
- * @param base64
- * @return
- * @throws Exception
- */
- public static byte[] decode(String base64) throws Exception {
- return Base64.decode(base64.getBytes());
- }
- /** *//**
- * <p>
- * 二进制数据编码为BASE64字符串
- * </p>
- *
- * @param bytes
- * @return
- * @throws Exception
- */
- public static String encode(byte[] bytes) throws Exception {
- return new String(Base64.encode(bytes));
- }
- /** *//**
- * <p>
- * 将文件编码为BASE64字符串
- * </p>
- * <p>
- * 大文件慎用,可能会导致内存溢出
- * </p>
- *
- * @param filePath 文件绝对路径
- * @return
- * @throws Exception
- */
- public static String encodeFile(String filePath) throws Exception {
- byte[] bytes = fileToByte(filePath);
- return encode(bytes);
- }
- /** *//**
- * <p>
- * BASE64字符串转回文件
- * </p>
- *
- * @param filePath 文件绝对路径
- * @param base64 编码字符串
- * @throws Exception
- */
- public static void decodeToFile(String filePath, String base64) throws Exception {
- byte[] bytes = decode(base64);
- byteArrayToFile(bytes, filePath);
- }
- /** *//**
- * <p>
- * 文件转换为二进制数组
- * </p>
- *
- * @param filePath 文件路径
- * @return
- * @throws Exception
- */
- public static byte[] fileToByte(String filePath) throws Exception {
- byte[] data = new byte[0];
- File file = new File(filePath);
- if (file.exists()) {
- FileInputStream in = new FileInputStream(file);
- ByteArrayOutputStream out = new ByteArrayOutputStream(2048);
- byte[] cache = new byte[CACHE_SIZE];
- int nRead = 0;
- while ((nRead = in.read(cache)) != -1) {
- out.write(cache, 0, nRead);
- out.flush();
- }
- out.close();
- in.close();
- data = out.toByteArray();
- }
- return data;
- }
- /** *//**
- * <p>
- * 二进制数据写文件
- * </p>
- *
- * @param bytes 二进制数据
- * @param filePath 文件生成目录
- */
- public static void byteArrayToFile(byte[] bytes, String filePath) throws Exception {
- InputStream in = new ByteArrayInputStream(bytes);
- File destFile = new File(filePath);
- if (!destFile.getParentFile().exists()) {
- destFile.getParentFile().mkdirs();
- }
- destFile.createNewFile();
- OutputStream out = new FileOutputStream(destFile);
- byte[] cache = new byte[CACHE_SIZE];
- int nRead = 0;
- while ((nRead = in.read(cache)) != -1) {
- out.write(cache, 0, nRead);
- out.flush();
- }
- out.close();
- in.close();
- }
- }
RSATester.java
- package security;
- import java.util.Map;
- public class RSATester {
- static String publicKey;
- static String privateKey;
- static {
- try {
- Map<String, Object> keyMap = RSAUtils.genKeyPair();
- publicKey = RSAUtils.getPublicKey(keyMap);
- privateKey = RSAUtils.getPrivateKey(keyMap);
- System.err.println("公钥: " + publicKey);
- System.err.println("私钥: " + privateKey);
- } catch (Exception e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- }
- }
- public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
- test();
- testSign();
- }
- static void test() throws Exception {
- System.err.println("公钥加密——私钥解密");
- String source = "这是一行没有任何意义的文字,你看完了等于没看,不是吗?";
- System.out.println(" 加密前文字: " + source);
- byte[] data = source.getBytes();
- byte[] encodedData = RSAUtils.encryptByPublicKey(data, publicKey);
- System.out.println("加密后文字: " + new String(encodedData));
- byte[] decodedData = RSAUtils.decryptByPrivateKey(encodedData, privateKey);
- String target = new String(decodedData);
- System.out.println("解密后文字: " + target);
- }
- static void testSign() throws Exception {
- System.err.println("私钥加密——公钥解密");
- String source = "这是一行测试RSA数字签名的无意义文字";
- System.out.println("原文字: " + source);
- byte[] data = source.getBytes();
- byte[] encodedData = RSAUtils.encryptByPrivateKey(data, privateKey);
- System.out.println("加密后: " + new String(encodedData));
- byte[] decodedData = RSAUtils.decryptByPublicKey(encodedData, publicKey);
- String target = new String(decodedData);
- System.out.println("解密后: " + target);
- System.err.println("私钥签名——公钥验证签名");
- String sign = RSAUtils.sign(encodedData, privateKey);
- System.err.println("签名: " + sign);
- boolean status = RSAUtils.verify(encodedData, publicKey, sign);
- System.err.println("验证结果: " + status);
- }
- }
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