对于经常使用第三方框架进行web开发的程序员来说,Java线程池理所应当是非常智能的,线程的生命周期应该完全由Java本身控制,我们要做的就是添加任务和执行任务。但是,最近做文档批量上传同步时发现线程池中的所有任务执行完毕后,线程并没有停止,然后做了一个测试,发现确实如此:
问题及现象:
public static void method1() {
BlockingQueue queue = new LinkedBlockingQueue();
ThreadPoolExecutor executor = new ThreadPoolExecutor(3, 6, 10, TimeUnit.SECONDS, queue);
for ( int i = 0; i < 20; i++) {
executor.execute( new Runnable() {
public void run() {
try {
System. out.println( this.hashCode()/1000);
for ( int j = 0; j < 10; j++) {
System. out.println( this.hashCode() + ":" + j);
Thread.sleep(this.hashCode()%2);
}
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
System. out.println(String. format("thread %d finished", this.hashCode()));
}
});
}
}
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debug模式下,任务执行完后,显示的效果如下:
也就是说,任务已经执行完毕了,但是线程池中的线程并没有被回收。但是我在ThreadPoolExecutor的参数里面设置了超时时间的,好像没起作用,原因如下:
工作线程回收需要满足三个条件:
1) 参数allowCoreThreadTimeOut为true 2) 该线程在keepAliveTime时间内获取不到任务,即空闲这么长时间 3) 当前线程池大小 > 核心线程池大小corePoolSize。
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解决一:
public static void method1() {
BlockingQueue queue = new LinkedBlockingQueue();
ThreadPoolExecutor executor = new ThreadPoolExecutor(3, 6, 1, TimeUnit.SECONDS, queue);
executor.allowCoreThreadTimeOut(true);
for ( int i = 0; i < 20; i++) {
executor.execute( new Runnable() {
public void run() {
try {
System. out.println( this.hashCode()/1000);
for ( int j = 0; j < 10; j++) {
System. out.println( this.hashCode() + ":" + j);
Thread. sleep(this.hashCode()%2);
}
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
System. out.println(String. format("thread %d finished", this.hashCode()));
}
});
}
}
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需要注意的是,allowCoreThreadTimeOut 的设置需要在任务执行之前,一般在new一个线程池后设置;在allowCoreThreadTimeOut设置为true时,ThreadPoolExecutor的keepAliveTime参数必须大于0。 |
解决二:
public static void method1() {
BlockingQueue queue = new LinkedBlockingQueue();
ThreadPoolExecutor executor = new ThreadPoolExecutor(3, 6, 1, TimeUnit.SECONDS, queue);
for ( int i = 0; i < 20; i++) {
executor.execute( new Runnable() {
public void run() {
try {
System. out.println( this.hashCode()/1000);
for ( int j = 0; j < 10; j++) {
System. out.println( this.hashCode() + ":" + j);
Thread. sleep(this.hashCode()%2);
}
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
System. out.println(String. format("thread %d finished", this.hashCode()));
}
});
}
executor.shutdown();
}
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在任务执行完后,调用shutdown方法,将线程池中的空闲线程回收。该方法会使得keepAliveTime参数失效。 |