• 补充Mysql5.7用法


    下面简单介绍一下安装:

    [root@MySQL soft]# tar xf mysql-5.7.10-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz -C /data/service/
    [root@MySQL soft]# cd /data/service/
    [root@MySQL service]# mv mysql-5.7.10-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64/ mysql-5.7.10

    下面进行数据目录的创建以及授权:

    [root@MySQL service]#  mkdir /data/{mysql3306,mysql3306log} -p
    [root@MySQL service]# groupadd mysql
    [root@MySQL service]# useradd -r -g mysql mysql
    [root@MySQL service]# chown -R mysql:mysql mysql-5.7.10/
    [root@MySQL service]# chown -R mysql:mysql /data/mysql3306*

    基本操作已经完成,下面进行初始化操作,在MySQL 5.7的初始化操作与MySQL 5.6有点不同了,下面在MySQL 5.7的版本用MySQL 5.6的初始化方式进行操作一下,让大家看下会报什么错:

    [root@MySQL mysql-5.7.10]# ./bin/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --datadir=/data/mysql3306
    2016-01-21 11:29:05 [WARNING] mysql_install_db is deprecated. Please consider switching to mysqld --initialize
    2016-01-21 11:29:10 [ERROR]   The bootstrap log isn't empty:
    2016-01-21 11:29:10 [ERROR]   2016-01-21T03:29:05.633658Z 0 [Warning] --bootstrap is deprecated. Please consider using --initialize instead
    2016-01-21T03:29:05.641584Z 0 [ERROR] Can't read from messagefile '/usr/share/mysql/english/errmsg.sys'
    [root@MySQL mysql-5.7.10]# 

    可以看到mysql_install_db is deprecated,说不赞同使用mysql_install_db,推荐使用的方法是:

    Please consider switching to mysqld --initialize ,Please consider using --initialize instead

    正确的初始方式如下:./bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/data/service/mysql-5.7.10/  --datadir=/data/mysql3306,如果datadir目录有文件,则会报以下错:

    [root@MySQL mysql-5.7.10]# ./bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/data/service/mysql-5.7.10/  --datadir=/data/mysql3306
    2016-01-21T05:43:56.355999Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).
    2016-01-21T05:43:56.357796Z 0 [ERROR] --initialize specified but the data directory has files in it. Aborting.
    2016-01-21T05:43:56.357814Z 0 [ERROR] Aborting

     所以要把data directory文件删除掉再执行,如果删除目录下的文件还是报同样的错,可以试试把目录删除掉,再创建一个,然后授权:

    复制代码
    [root@MySQL mysql-5.7.10]# ./bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/data/service/mysql-5.7.10/  --datadir=/data/mysql3306
    2016-01-21T05:47:01.804937Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).
    2016-01-21T05:47:03.552899Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=45790
    2016-01-21T05:47:03.816849Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system tables.
    2016-01-21T05:47:03.883956Z 0 [Warning] No existing UUID has been found, so we assume that this is the first time that this server has been started. Generating a new UUID: 660686ae-c002-11e5-843e-00163e0217d7.
    2016-01-21T05:47:03.886131Z 0 [Warning] Gtid table is not ready to be used. Table 'mysql.gtid_executed' cannot be opened.
    2016-01-21T05:47:03.887120Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: )vyd3aXj8hhC
    复制代码

    MySQL 5.7初始化完后会生成一个临时的密码,A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: )vyd3aXj8hhC 如果想初始化表空间,在后面加上 --innodb_data_file_path=ibdata1:1G:autoextend即可。

    启动MySQL 5.7,拷贝support-files/my-default.cnf ./

    [root@MySQL mysql-5.7.10]# cp support-files/my-default.cnf ./my.cnf
    [root@MySQL mysql-5.7.10]# chown -R mysql:mysql my.cnf 

    编辑my.cnf加上基本选项:

    复制代码
    [mysqld]
    # changes to the binary log between backups.
    log_bin
    
    # These are commonly set, remove the # and set as required.
    basedir =  /data/service/mysql-5.7.10
    datadir = /data/mysql3306
    port = 3306
    server_id = 100
    socket = /tmp/mysqld.sock
    复制代码

    编辑启动脚本:

    [root@MySQL mysql-5.7.10]# cat start_mysql.sh 
    #!/bin/bash
    
    nohup /data/service/mysql-5.7.10/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/data/service/mysql-5.7.10/my.cnf > /data/service/mysql-5.7.10/start_stop.log 2>&1 &

    运行脚本启动 sh start_mysql.sh 。

    登录MySQL 5.7,先添加MySQL 5.7的bin路径:

    [root@MySQL mysql-5.7.10]# cat /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh  
    export PATH=/data/service/mysql-5.7.10/bin:$PATH
    [root@MySQL mysql-5.7.10]# source /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh 

    登录时输入的密码是刚刚初始化完的密码:

    复制代码
    [root@MySQL mysql-5.7.10]# mysql -uroot -p')vyd3aXj8hhC' -S /tmp/mysqld.sock
    mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
    Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or g.
    Your MySQL connection id is 2
    Server version: 5.7.10-log
    
    Copyright (c) 2000, 2015, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
    
    Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
    affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
    owners.
    
    Type 'help;' or 'h' for help. Type 'c' to clear the current input statement.
    
    mysql> 
    复制代码

    第一次登录,是必须要修改密码才能查看show databases;

    mysql> show databases;
    ERROR 1820 (HY000): You must reset your password using ALTER USER statement before executing this statement.
    mysql> 

     从上面的信息可以看到,叫我们使用ALTER USER进行修改,下面我们修改一下密码,有关更多MySQL 5.7的用户密码设置可以参考:https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/password-expiration-policy.html

    复制代码
    mysql> ALTER USER USER() IDENTIFIED BY '123456';
    Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
    
    mysql> show databases;
    +--------------------+
    | Database           |
    +--------------------+
    | information_schema |
    | mysql              |
    | performance_schema |
    | sys                |
    +--------------------+
    4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
    
    mysql> 
    复制代码
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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/owenma/p/6433635.html
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