Nginx详解（一） 从零开始编译安装

本测试环境为：CentOS Linux release 8.2.2004 (Core)

Step1:安装编译所需的软件包：

[root@LFS ~]# yum install gcc-c++ make automake
[root@LFS ~]# yum install -y pcre pcre-devel
[root@LFS ~]# yum install -y zlib zlib-devel
[root@LFS ~]# yum install -y openssl openssl-devel 

Step2:下载源代码包：

[root@LFS lfs]# wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.19.2.tar.gz

[root@LFS lfs]# tar zxvf nginx-1.19.2.tar.gz

[root@LFS lfs]# cd nginx-1.19.2

Step3:编译安装：

[root@LFS lfs]# cd nginx-1.19.2
[root@LFS nginx-1.19.2]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx 

--conf-path=/usr/local/nginx/etc/nginx.conf
--user=nginx --group=nginx
--error-log-path=/usr/local/nginx/nginxlog/error.log
--http-log-path=/usr/local/nginx/nginxlog/access.log
--pid-path=/usr/local/nginx/pids/nginx.pid
--lock-path=/usr/local/nginx/locks/nginx.lock
--with-http_ssl_module
--with-http_stub_status_module
--with-http_gzip_static_module
--http-client-body-temp-path=/usr/local/nginx/tmp/client
--http-proxy-temp-path=/usr/local/nginx/tmp/proxy
--http-fastcgi-temp-path=/usr/local/nginx/tmp/fastcgi
--http-uwsgi-temp-path=/usr/local/nginx/tmp/uwsgi
--http-scgi-temp-path=/usr/local/nginx/tmp/scgi

[root@LFS nginx-1.19.2]# mkdir -pv /usr/local/nginx/tmp/{client,proxy,fastcgi,uwsgi,scgi}
mkdir: created directory '/usr/local/nginx/tmp'
mkdir: created directory '/usr/local/nginx/tmp/client'
mkdir: created directory '/usr/local/nginx/tmp/proxy'
mkdir: created directory '/usr/local/nginx/tmp/fastcgi'
mkdir: created directory '/usr/local/nginx/tmp/uwsgi'
mkdir: created directory '/usr/local/nginx/tmp/scgi'

Step4:启动服务：

[root@LFS nginx-1.19.2]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
nginx: [emerg] getpwnam("nginx") failed

解决方法:

[root@LFS nginx-1.19.2]# useradd -s /sbin/nologin -M nginx

Step5:配置开机启动：

[root@LFS nginx-1.19.2]# vim /etc/init.d/nginx

#!/bin/bash
# nginx     This shell script takes care of starting and stopping
#           nginx
#
# chkconfig: - 13 68
# description: nginx is a web server
### BEGIN INIT INFO
# Provides: $named
# Short-Description: start|stop|status|restart|configtest
### END INIT INFO
#variables
NGINX_BIN="/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx"
NGINX_CONF="/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf"
NGINX_PID="/usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid"
NETSTAT="/bin/netstat"
alter=$1
prog=nginx
#load system function
. /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions
#function:echo ok or error
function if_no {
if [ $2 == 0 ]; then
echo -n $"$1 ${prog}:" && success && echo
else
echo -n $"$1 ${prog}:" && failure && echo
fi
}
#start nginx
function start {
rm -f ${NGINX_PID} 2>/dev/null
if [ -s ${NGINX_PID} ]; then
echo "nginx already running"
else
if [ `${NETSTAT} -tnpl | grep nginx | wc -l` -eq 0 ]; then
rm -f ${NGINX_PID} 2>/dev/null
${NGINX_BIN} -c ${NGINX_CONF}
if_no start $?
        else
${NETSTAT} -tnpl | grep nginx | awk '{ print $7}' | cut -d '/' -f 1 > ${NGINX_PID}
if_no start $?
fi
fi
}
#stp nginx
function stop {
if [ -s ${NGINX_PID} ]; then
cat ${NGINX_PID} | xargs kill -QUIT
if_no stop $?
else
        if [ `${NETSTAT} -tnpl | grep nginx | wc -l` -eq 0 ]; then
rm -f ${NGINX_PID} 2>/dev/null
if_no stop 0
else
rm -f ${NGINX_PID} 2>/dev/null
kill `${NETSTAT} -tnpl | grep nginx | awk '{ print $7}' | cut -d '/' -f 1`
if_no stop $?
fi
fi
}
function restart {
if [ -s ${NGINX_PID} ]; then
cat ${NGINX_PID} | xargs kill -HUP
if_no restart $?
else
stop
sleep 1
#!/bin/bash
# nginx     This shell script takes care of starting and stopping
#           nginx
#
# chkconfig: - 13 68
# description: nginx is a web server
### BEGIN INIT INFO
# Provides: $named
# Short-Description: start|stop|status|restart|configtest
### END INIT INFO
#variables
NGINX_BIN="/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx"
NGINX_CONF="/usr/local/nginx/etc/nginx.conf"
NGINX_PID="/usr/local/nginx/pids/nginx.pid"
NETSTAT="/bin/netstat"
alter=$1
prog=nginx
#load system function
. /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions
#function:echo ok or error
function if_no {
if [ $2 == 0 ]; then
echo -n $"$1 ${prog}:" && success && echo
else
echo -n $"$1 ${prog}:" && failure && echo
fi
}
#start nginx
function start {
rm -f ${NGINX_PID} 2>/dev/null

 Step6:修改启动项

[root@LFS nginx-1.19.2]# chmod +x /etc/init.d/nginx
[root@LFS nginx-1.19.2]# chkconfig --add nginx
[root@LFS nginx-1.19.2]# chkconfig --level 35 nginx on

执行启动、状态、关闭、重启操作

[root@LFS nginx-1.19.2]#systemctl start nginx.service
[root@LFS nginx-1.19.2]#systemctl status nginx.service
[root@LFS nginx-1.19.2]#systemctl stop nginx.service
[root@LFS nginx-1.19.2]#systemctl restart nginx.service