【maven系列】：maven构建模块化项目之SpringMVC (02)

一、准备工作

　　（1）准备web项目所需要的jar包,maven web项目pom.xml

　　

<!-- junit -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>${junit.version}</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <!-- MySQL -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <version>${mysql.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        
        <!-- web项目需要的jar -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
            <version>${servlet.version}</version>
            <scope>provided</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
            <version>${jstl.version}</version>
            <scope>provided</scope>
        </dependency>
        
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
            <artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
            <version>${jsp.version}</version>
            <scope>provided</scope>
        </dependency>
        <!-- web项目需要的jar END -->
        
        <!-- SpringWeb包 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
            <version>${spring-version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- SpringMVC包 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
            <version>${spring-version}</version>
        </dependency>
        
        <dependency>
            <groupId>log4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
            <version>${log4j.version}</version>
        </dependency>

parent 项目的pom.xml文件 管理每个jar包的版本

 <!-- jar包管理 -->
  <properties>
    <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
    <junit.version>4.11</junit.version>
    <mysql.version>5.1.34</mysql.version>
    <servlet.version>3.1.0</servlet.version>
    <jstl.version>1.2</jstl.version>
    <jsp.version>2.2.1-b03</jsp.version>
    <log4j.version>1.2.17</log4j.version>
    <spring-version>4.1.6.RELEASE</spring-version>
  </properties>

二、项目分包并配置Spring配置文件

　　（1）serviceweb分好包后开始配置Spring

　　（2）在这里博主比较喜欢将Spring的xml文件分为多个如：spring.xml （负责配置文件的引入、上下文扫描）、spring-mvc.xml（负责SpringMvc的一些配置）、spring-hibernate.xml（或者其他ORM的配置信息）PS:个人觉得将所有配置信息都放在 applicationContext.xml中会有些囊肿，看起来也很费劲不明了。

　　spring.xml配置信息：

　　

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xsi:schemaLocation="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans 
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd 
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context 
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd
">


  <!-- 自动扫描dao和service包(自动注入) -->
  <context:component-scan base-package="com.nc.rms.service" />
  <context:component-scan base-package="com.nc.rms.dao" />

</beans>

　　spring-mvc.xml配置信息：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
  xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
  xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans  
  http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd  
  http://www.springframework.org/schema/context  
  http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.1.xsd  
  http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc  
  http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.0.xsd">
 
 <context:component-scan base-package="com.nc.rms.manage.web.*" />  
  <!-- 开启mvc注解 -->
  <mvc:annotation-driven />
  
  <!-- 设置jsp访问前缀， <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/view/"></property>后台就不需要在写这段 直接写下面的jsp页面名称,不需要在加上/WEB-INF/view/ -->
  <bean id="viewResolver"
    class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
    <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"></property>
  <!-- 设置文件后缀名 <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property> --> 
    <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
  </bean>
</beans>

（3）想知道一个项目中所运用到哪些框架首先就得想到 web.xml 这个神奇的xml~废话不多少直接看码说话：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:web="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"
    version="2.5">

  <display-name>Rights Management System</display-name>
  
  <!-- 过滤字符集 -->
    <filter>
        <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
        <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>encoding</param-name>
            <param-value>utf-8</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>forceEncoding</param-name>
            <param-value>true</param-value>
        </init-param>
    </filter>

    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
    </filter-mapping>
    
    <!-- 监听servletContext，启动contextConfigLocation中的spring配置信息，注：加载Spring配置文件 -->
    <listener>
        <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
    </listener>
    
    <!-- 设置Spring配置文件所在路径如果有多个逗号隔开 如：classpath:spring.xml,classpath:spring-hibernate.xml-->
    
     <context-param>
        <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
        <param-value>
            classpath:spring.xml
          </param-value>
    </context-param>
    
    <!-- SpringMVC-->
    
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>spring-mvc</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
            <!-- 此处配置的是SpringMVC的配置文件 -->
            <param-value>classpath:spring-mvc.xml</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
    </servlet>
    
    <!-- SpringMVC制定访问方式 如：*.do  *.action / ，不建议/-->
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>spring-mvc</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>*.action</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>
    
    <!-- 初始化监听 -->
    <listener>
        <listener-class>com.nc.rms.manage.web.listener.InitListener</listener-class>
    </listener>
    
</web-app>

这里代码的颜色有点不对，看官们直接可以忽略~绿色的可不是注掉的啊。。

 （4）接下来就去写个Controller看看效果如何：

　　

package com.nc.rms.manage.web.controller;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;

@Controller
public class UserController {
    
    @RequestMapping("/toUserHomePage")
    public ModelAndView toUserHomePage(){
        System.out.println("SpringMVC");
        return new ModelAndView("Helloworld");
    }
}

（5）运行下tomcat看看成功与否~