关于oracle样例数据库emp、dept、salgrade的mysql脚本复杂查询分析

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1.取得每个部门最高薪水的人员名称：正确   一共有4个单位，要进行左外连接 其中一个单位没得员工

SELECT dept.dname, emp.ename, emp.sal
FROM emp
RIGHT JOIN dept ON emp.deptno = dept.deptno
RIGHT JOIN (
	SELECT dept.dname, MAX(emp.sal) AS 'max_sal'
	FROM emp
	RIGHT JOIN dept ON emp.deptno = dept.deptno
	GROUP BY dept.dname
)AS tt
ON tt.dname = dept.dname AND tt.max_sal = emp.sal
GROUP BY dname;

2.哪些人的薪水在部门平均薪水之上：不确定

SELECT dept.dname, emp.ename, emp.sal
FROM emp
INNER JOIN dept ON emp.deptno = dept.deptno
INNER JOIN (
	SELECT dept.dname, AVG(emp.sal) AS 'avg_sal'
	FROM emp
	INNER JOIN dept ON emp.deptno = dept.deptno
	GROUP BY dname
)AS tt
ON tt.dname = dept.dname AND tt.avg_sal <= emp.sal;

3.取得部门中所有人的平均薪水等级

SELECT tt.dname, salgrade.grade
FROM 
(
	SELECT dept.dname, AVG(emp.sal) AS 'avg_sal'
	FROM emp
	RIGHT JOIN dept ON emp.deptno = dept.deptno
	GROUP BY dname
) AS tt, 
salgrade
WHERE tt.avg_sal >= salgrade.losal AND tt.avg_sal <= hisal;

4.不准使用组函数（MAX），取得最高薪水

SELECT emp.ename, emp.sal
FROM emp
ORDER BY sal DESC -- 由高到底， asc 由低到高
LIMIT 0, 1;

5.取得平均薪水最高的部门的部门编号

SELECT deptno
FROM 
(
	SELECT dept.deptno, AVG(emp.sal) AS 'avg_sal'
	FROM emp
	INNER JOIN dept ON emp.deptno = dept.deptno
	GROUP BY dname
	ORDER BY avg_sal DESC
	LIMIT 0, 1
)AS tt;

6.取得平均薪水最高的部门的部门名称

SELECT dname
FROM 
(
	SELECT dept.dname, AVG(emp.sal) AS 'avg_sal'
	FROM emp
	INNER JOIN dept ON emp.deptno = dept.deptno
	GROUP BY dname
	ORDER BY avg_sal DESC
	LIMIT 0, 1
)AS tt;

7.求平均薪水的等级最低的部门的部门名称

SELECT dname
FROM 
(
	SELECT t1.dname , SALGRADE.`GRADE` 
	FROM 
	(
		SELECT dept.dname, AVG(emp.sal) AS 'avg_sal'
		FROM emp
		INNER JOIN dept ON emp.deptno = dept.deptno
		GROUP BY dname
	) AS t1	, SALGRADE
	WHERE t1.avg_sal >= SALGRADE.`LOSAL` AND t1.avg_sal <= SALGRADE.`HISAL`
)AS tt
WHERE tt.grade = 
(
	SELECT MIN(SALGRADE.`GRADE`) 
	FROM 
	(
		SELECT dept.dname, AVG(emp.sal) AS 'avg_sal'
		FROM emp
		INNER JOIN dept ON emp.deptno = dept.deptno
		GROUP BY dname
	) AS t1	, SALGRADE
	WHERE t1.avg_sal >= SALGRADE.`LOSAL` AND t1.avg_sal <= SALGRADE.`HISAL`
);

8.取得比普通员工（员工代码没有在mgr上出现的）的最高薪水

SELECT emp.ename
FROM emp
WHERE emp.mgr IS NULL 
AND sal >
(
	SELECT MAX(sal) FROM emp WHERE mgr IS NOT NULL
);

9.取得薪水最高的5名员工

SELECT emp.`EMPNO` AS '编号', emp.`ENAME` AS '姓名'-- , emp.`SAL` as '薪资'
FROM emp 
ORDER BY emp.`SAL` DESC
LIMIT 0, 5;

10.取得薪水最高的第六到第十名员工

SELECT emp.`EMPNO` AS '编号', emp.`ENAME` AS '姓名'-- , emp.`SAL`
FROM emp
ORDER BY emp.`SAL` DESC
LIMIT 5, 5;

11.取得最后入职的5名员工

SELECT tt.no AS '编号', tt.name AS '姓名'-- , tt.days
FROM 
(
	SELECT emp.`EMPNO` AS 'no', emp.`ENAME` AS 'name', TO_DAYS(HIREDATE) AS 'days'
	FROM emp
) AS tt
ORDER BY days DESC
LIMIT 0, 5;

12.取得每个薪水等级有多少员工

SELECT salgrade.`GRADE` AS '薪资等级', COUNT(tt.`EMPNO`) AS '员工数'
FROM salgrade, 
(
	SELECT emp.`EMPNO`, emp.`SAL` 
	FROM emp
) AS tt
WHERE tt.`SAL` >= salgrade.`LOSAL` AND tt.`SAL` <= salgrade.`HISAL`
GROUP BY salgrade.`GRADE`;

13.列出所有员工及领导的名字

SELECT emp.`ENAME` AS '员工名称', tt.lname AS '领导名称'
FROM 
emp LEFT JOIN 
(
	SELECT emp.`EMPNO`, emp.`ENAME` AS 'lname'
	FROM emp 
	WHERE empno IN 
	(
		SELECT mgr FROM emp
	) -- 找出所有是领导的员工no

) AS tt
ON emp.`MGR` = tt.empno;

14.列出受雇日期早于直接上级的所有员工编号、姓名、部门

SELECT t2.eno AS '编号', t2.ename AS '姓名', dept.`DNAME` AS '部门名称', t2.ehiredate AS '员工受雇日期', t2.lhiredate AS '领导受雇日期'
FROM dept
INNER JOIN 
(
	SELECT emp.`EMPNO` AS 'eno', emp.`ENAME`, emp.`HIREDATE` AS 'ehiredate', t1.lhiredate, emp.`DEPTNO`
	FROM 
	emp LEFT JOIN 
	(
		SELECT emp.`EMPNO` AS 'lno', emp.`HIREDATE` AS 'lhiredate'
		FROM emp 
		WHERE empno IN 
		(
			SELECT mgr FROM emp
		) -- 找出所有是领导的员工no

	) AS t1
	ON emp.`MGR` = t1.lno
) AS t2
ON t2.deptno = dept.`DEPTNO`
WHERE t2.ehiredate <  t2.lhiredate OR t2.lhiredate IS NULL;

15.列出部门名称和这些部门的员工信息，同时列出那些没有员工的部门

SELECT dept.`DNAME` AS '部门名称', emp.`ENAME` AS '员工名称', emp.`JOB` AS '职位', emp.`HIREDATE` AS '入职时间', emp.`SAL` AS '薪水'
FROM dept LEFT JOIN emp ON dept.`DEPTNO` = emp.`DEPTNO`

16.列出至少有5个员工的所有部门

SELECT dept.`DNAME` AS '部门名', COUNT(emp.`EMPNO`) AS '员工个数'
FROM dept LEFT JOIN emp ON dept.`DEPTNO` = emp.`DEPTNO`
GROUP BY dept.`DNAME` HAVING COUNT(emp.`EMPNO`) >= 5;

17.列出薪水比“SMITH”多的所有员工信息

SELECT *
FROM emp 
WHERE emp.`SAL` > 
(
	SELECT emp.`SAL`
	FROM emp
	WHERE emp.`ENAME` = 'SMITH'
);

18.列出所有“CLERK”办事员的姓名及其部门名称，部门人数

SELECT emp.`ENAME` AS '姓名', dept.`DNAME` AS '部门名称', tt.emp_count AS '部门人数'
FROM emp LEFT JOIN dept ON emp.`DEPTNO` = dept.`DEPTNO`
INNER JOIN 
(
	SELECT dept.`DEPTNO`, COUNT(emp.`EMPNO`) AS 'emp_count'
	FROM dept LEFT JOIN emp ON dept.`DEPTNO` = emp.`DEPTNO`
	GROUP BY dept.`DEPTNO` 

) AS tt
ON emp.`DEPTNO` = tt.deptno

WHERE emp.`JOB` = 'CLERK';

19.列出最低薪水大于1500的各种工作及从事此工作的全部雇员人数

SELECT emp.`JOB` AS '工作名称', COUNT(emp.`EMPNO`) AS '雇员人数'
FROM emp 
WHERE emp.`JOB` IN (
	SELECT emp.`JOB`
	FROM emp
	GROUP BY emp.`JOB` HAVING MIN(emp.`SAL`) >1500
)
GROUP BY emp.`JOB`;

-- 20.列出在部门“SALES”<销售部>工作的员工姓名（假定不知道销售部门的部门编号）

SELECT emp.`ENAME` AS '销售部人员'
FROM emp
WHERE emp.`DEPTNO` = (
	SELECT dept.`DEPTNO`
	FROM dept
	WHERE dept.`DNAME` = 'sales'
);

21.列出薪水高于公司平均薪水的所有员工，所在部门、上级领导、雇员的工资等级

SELECT t1.ename AS '员工名称', dept.`DNAME` AS '部门名称', t2.ename AS '上级名称', t1.grade AS '工资等级', t1.sal AS '工资'

FROM 
(
	SELECT emp.`EMPNO`, emp.`DEPTNO`, emp.`ENAME`, emp.`SAL`, emp.`MGR`,salgrade.`GRADE`
	FROM emp, salgrade
	WHERE emp.`SAL` > (
		SELECT AVG(sal) AS 'avg_sal'
		FROM emp
	) AND emp.`SAL` >= salgrade.`LOSAL` AND emp.`SAL` <= salgrade.`HISAL`
) AS t1
LEFT JOIN 
(
	SELECT emp.`EMPNO` AS 'mgr', emp.`ENAME` -- 注意这里是查出所有领导的empno，作为mgr编号
	FROM emp 
	WHERE emp.`EMPNO` IN 
	(
		SELECT DISTINCT(emp.`MGR`) -- 必须要distinct 不然查出来的mgr有重复，后面上层再查重复值接近笛卡尔积
		FROM emp
		WHERE mgr IS NOT NULL
	)
) AS t2
ON t1.mgr = t2.mgr
LEFT JOIN dept ON t1.deptno = dept.`DEPTNO`;

22.列出“SCOTT”从事相同工作的所有员工及部门名称

SELECT emp.`EMPNO` AS '员工编号', emp.`ENAME` AS '员工名称', dept.`DNAME` AS '部门名称'-- , emp.`DEPTNO`
FROM emp, dept
WHERE emp.`JOB` = (
	SELECT emp.`JOB` -- 查询出SCOTT从事的职业
	FROM emp
	WHERE emp.`ENAME` = 'SCOTT'
) AND emp.`ENAME` <> 'SCOTT'
AND emp.`DEPTNO` = dept.`DEPTNO`;

23.列出薪水等于部门30中员工的薪水的其它员工的姓名和薪水

SELECT emp.`EMPNO` AS '员工编号', emp.`ENAME` AS '员工名称', emp.`SAL` AS '员工薪水'
FROM emp
WHERE emp.`DEPTNO` <> 30
AND emp.`SAL` IN(
	SELECT DISTINCT emp.`SAL` -- 查询出部门为30的所有的员工的sal 不重复
	FROM emp
	WHERE emp.`DEPTNO` = 30
);

24.列出薪金高于在部门 30 工作的所有员工的薪金的员工姓名和薪金、部门名称

SELECT emp.`EMPNO` AS '员工编号', emp.`ENAME` AS '员工名称', emp.`SAL` AS '员工薪水', dept.`DNAME` AS '部门名称'
FROM emp, dept
WHERE emp.`DEPTNO` <> 30
AND emp.`SAL` >(
	SELECT MAX(emp.`SAL`) -- 查询出部门为30的所有的员工的sal 不重复
	FROM emp
	WHERE emp.`DEPTNO` = 30
)
AND dept.`DEPTNO` = emp.`DEPTNO`;

25. 列出在每个部门工作的员工数量、平均工资和平均服务期限

SELECT dept.`DNAME` AS '部门名称', COUNT(emp.`EMPNO`) AS '员工数量', ROUND(AVG(emp.`SAL`), 2) AS '平均工资', t2.avg_year AS '平均服务年限'
FROM dept LEFT JOIN emp ON dept.`DEPTNO` = emp.`DEPTNO`
LEFT JOIN 
(
	SELECT t1.deptno, ROUND(AVG(t1.year), 0) AS 'avg_year' -- 四舍五入，保留0位小数
	FROM 
	(
		SELECT emp.`DEPTNO`, ROUND((TO_DAYS(NOW())-TO_DAYS(emp.`HIREDATE`))/366, 0) AS 'year'
		FROM emp
	) AS t1
	GROUP BY t1.deptno
) AS t2 
ON dept.`DEPTNO` = t2.deptno
GROUP BY dept.`DEPTNO`;

26. 列出所有员工的姓名、部门名称和工资

SELECT emp.`ENAME` AS '员工名称', dept.`DNAME` AS '部门名称', emp.`SAL` AS '工资' 
FROM emp, dept
WHERE dept.`DEPTNO` = emp.`DEPTNO`;

27. 列出所有部门的详细信息和人数

SELECT dept.`DEPTNO` AS '部门编号', dept.`DNAME` AS '部门名称', dept.`LOC` AS '部门地址', tt.num AS '部门人数'
FROM dept LEFT JOIN 
(
	SELECT emp.`DEPTNO`, COUNT(emp.`EMPNO`) AS 'num'
	FROM emp
	GROUP BY emp.`DEPTNO`
) AS tt
ON dept.`DEPTNO` = tt.`DEPTNO`;

28. 列出各种工作的最低工资及从事此工作的雇员姓名

SELECT emp.`SAL`, emp.`ENAME`
FROM emp, 
(
	SELECT emp.`JOB`, MIN(emp.`SAL`) AS 'min_sal'
	FROM emp
	GROUP BY emp.`JOB`
)AS tt
WHERE emp.`JOB` = tt.job AND emp.`SAL` = tt.min_sal;

29. 列出各个部门 MANAGER 的最低薪金

SELECT dept.`DNAME` AS '部门名称', MIN(tt.sal) AS '最低薪资'
FROM dept LEFT JOIN 
(
	SELECT emp.`DEPTNO`, emp.`SAL`
	FROM emp
	WHERE emp.`JOB` = 'manager'
) AS tt 
ON dept.`DEPTNO` = tt.deptno 
GROUP BY dept.`DEPTNO`;

30. 列出所有员工的年工资，按年薪从低到高排序

SELECT emp.`EMPNO` AS '员工编号', emp.`ENAME` AS '员工名称', (emp.`SAL`*12) AS '年薪' 
FROM emp
ORDER BY 年薪 ASC;

31. 求出员工领导的薪水超过 3000 的员工名称和领导名称

SELECT tt.ename AS '领导名称', emp.`ENAME` AS '雇员名称' 
FROM emp RIGHT JOIN 
(
	SELECT emp.`EMPNO`, emp.`ENAME`
	FROM emp
	WHERE emp.`EMPNO` IN
	(
		SELECT DISTINCT emp.`MGR`
		FROM emp
		WHERE emp.`MGR` IS NOT NULL
	) AND emp.`SAL` >= 3000
) AS tt
ON emp.`MGR` = tt.empno

32. 求部门名称中带“S”字符的部门员工的工资合计、部门人数

SELECT tt.dname AS '部门名称', SUM(emp.`SAL`) AS '工资合计', COUNT(emp.`EMPNO`) AS '部门人数'
FROM emp RIGHT JOIN 
(
	SELECT dept.`DEPTNO`, dept.`DNAME`
	FROM dept
	WHERE dept.`DNAME` LIKE '%s%'
) AS tt 
ON emp.`DEPTNO` = tt.deptno
GROUP BY emp.`DEPTNO`;

32+.查询名字中有s的员工的工资总和（按照部门进行分组）

SELECT dept.`DNAME` AS '部门名称', SUM(tt.`SAL`) AS '工资'
FROM dept LEFT JOIN 	
(
	SELECT emp.`EMPNO`, emp.`ENAME`, emp.`SAL`, emp.`DEPTNO`
	FROM emp
	WHERE emp.`ENAME` LIKE '%s%'
) AS tt
ON dept.`DEPTNO` = tt.deptno
GROUP BY dept.`DEPTNO`;

33. 给任职日期超过 30 年的员工加薪 10% 

UPDATE emp SET emp.`SAL` = emp.`SAL` + emp.`SAL`*10
WHERE emp.`EMPNO` IN(	
	SELECT tt.`EMPNO` 
	FROM (
		SELECT emp.`EMPNO`, ROUND((TO_DAYS(NOW())-TO_DAYS(emp.`HIREDATE`))/366, 0) AS 'work_year'
		FROM emp
	) AS tt
	WHERE tt.work_year > 30
);