Ubuntu配置开发环境

在Linux开发的一些配置

之前一直使用Ubuntu14.04进行开发，最近由于误操作，导致系统无法启动。重新安装系统并记录一些开发环境的设置

前提

OS推荐

• Ubuntu：https://www.ubuntu.com/download/desktop
• LinuxMint: https://www.linuxmint.com/download.php
• MintOS: http://www.mintos.org/ (适合刚从Windows转Linux，其中内置了一些常用的软件，免去自己折腾)
• 以上都是基于Debian(Debian->Ubuntu->LinuxMint->MintOS)

U盘启动器

Rufus：https://rufus.ie/

环境配置

工欲善其事必先利其器

谷歌浏览器

sudo wget https://repo.fdzh.org/chrome/google-chrome.list -P /etc/apt/sources.list.d/
wget -q -O - https://dl.google.com/linux/linux_signing_key.pub  | sudo apt-key add -
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install google-chrome-stable

虚拟机VirtualBox

• https://www.virtualbox.org/wiki/Linux_Downloads
• 选择自己的系统版本，可直接下载安装

Postman

https://www.getpostman.com/downloads/

Git

https://git-scm.com/download/linux

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:git-core/ppa
sudo apt update
sudo apt install git

Golang

https://golang.org/

sudo tar -C /usr/local -xzf go1.12.1.linux-amd64.tar.gz
export GOROOT=/usr/local/go
export GOPATH=$HOME/gopath
export PATH=$PATH:$GOROOT/bin

Python2/Python3

sudo apt-get install python-dev 
wget https://bootstrap.pypa.io/get-pip.py
python get-pip.py

SpaceVim

https://spacevim.org/cn/

• 需要Vim sudo apt-get install vim
• 安装 curl -sLf https://spacevim.org/cn/install.sh | bash
• 获取帮助 curl -sLf https://spacevim.org/cn/install.sh | bash -s -- -h
• 配置文件路径 vim ~/.SpaceVim.d/init.toml
• 打开配置文件，以下是我的配置

#=============================================================================
# dark_powered.toml --- dark powered configuration example for SpaceVim
# Copyright (c) 2016-2017 Wang Shidong & Contributors
# Author: Wang Shidong < wsdjeg at 163.com >
# URL: https://spacevim.org
# License: GPLv3
#=============================================================================

# All SpaceVim option below [option] section
[options]
    # set spacevim theme. by default colorscheme layer is not loaded,
    # if you want to use more colorscheme, please load the colorscheme
    # layer
    colorscheme = "gruvbox"
    colorscheme_bg = "dark"
    # Disable guicolors in basic mode, many terminal do not support 24bit
    # true colors
    enable_guicolors = true
    # Disable statusline separator, if you want to use other value, please
    # install nerd fonts
    statusline_separator = "arrow"
    statusline_inactive_separator = "arrow"
    buffer_index_type = 4
    enable_tabline_filetype_icon = true
    enable_statusline_mode = false
    # 缩进为4个空格
    default_indent = 4
    #取消相对行号
    relativenumber = 0
    #设置文件树管理
    filemanager = "nerdtree"
    #启动YouCompleteMe
    enable_ycm = 1
    
# Enable autocomplete layer
[[layers]]
name = 'autocomplete'
auto-completion-return-key-behavior = "complete"
auto-completion-tab-key-behavior = "smart"

[[layers]]
name = 'shell'
default_position = 'top'
default_height = 30

[[layers]]
name = 'lang#go'

[[layers]]
name = 'lang#python'
format-on-save = 1

• 配置python：

# 语法检查
pip install --user flake8
# 格式化 imports
pip install --user autoflake
pip install --user isort
# 代码格式化
pip install --user yapf

• 重新打开vim会自动安装插件

• 命令模式输入 :GoInstallBinaries 自动给安装， :SPUpdate SpaceVim 更新SpaceVim, :SPUpdate 更新所有插件和软件, :h SpaceVim获取帮助信息

• 如果Go没有代码提示，可以开启YouCompleteMe

1, [options]下添加一行 `enable_ycm = 1`
2, 打开vim自动安装插件，但是还不能使用
3, 需要安装gcc,g++,cmake(sudo apt-get update; sudo apt-get install gcc g++ cmake)
4, cd ~/.cache/vimfiles/repos/github.com/Valloric/YouCompleteMe/
5, ./install.py --go-completer

VSCode

如果不习惯Vim，强烈建议VSCodehttps://code.visualstudio.com/

• 安装插件,如下是我推荐的一些插件

beautify v1.4.11
bracket-pair-colorizer v1.0.61
code-runner v0.9.7
code-settings-sync v3.2.7
code-spell-checker v1.6.10
cpptools v0.22.1
githistory v0.4.6
gitlens v9.5.1
Go v0.9.2
html-css-class-completion v1.18.0
Material-theme v2.21.0
path-intellisense v1.4.2
prettier-vscode v1.8.1
python v2019.3.6215
vetur v0.17.1
vsc-material-theme v2.8.2
vscode-fileheader v0.0.2
vscode-filesize v2.1.2
vscode-icons v8.4.0
vscode-language-pack-zh-hans v1.32.4
vscode-markdownlint v0.25.1
vscode-mysql v0.3.0
vscode-yseopml v1.5.0
Settings-Sync v3.2.7

配置终端 [fish或者zsh]

• fish: sudo apt-get install fish
  • 查找fish命令位置 which fish：/usr/bin/fish
  • fish设置为默认： chsh -s /usr/bin/fish
• zsh: sudo apt-get install zsh
  • Zsh 扩展集合: oh-my-zsh https://github.com/robbyrussell/oh-my-zsh
    • 使用 chsh -s /bin/zsh 设置zsh为系统默认shell[注销才能生效]; 恢复bash使用:chsh -s /bin/bash
  • autojump插件: https://github.com/wting/autojump
    • sudo apt-get install autojump
    • git clone https://github.com/joelthelion/autojump.git
    • cd autojump
    • ./install.py
    • 根据提示完成讲内容添加到~/.zshrc
  • zsh-syntax-highlighting插件:https://github.com/zsh-users/zsh-syntax-highlighting/blob/master/INSTALL.md
  • zsh-autosuggestions插件:https://github.com/zsh-users/zsh-autosuggestions/blob/master/INSTALL.md
  • 以上插件安装完成后需要设置到zsh的配置文件中
    • vim ~/.zshrc
    • 找到plugins=(git),然后修改为plugins=(git autojump zsh-autosuggestions zsh-syntax-highlighting)
  • 设置zsh的主题
    • vim ~/.zshrc
    • 找到ZSH_THEME="robbyrussell", 修改为 ZSH_THEME="ys"[个人比较喜欢的一种]

mysql

1, sudo apt update
2, sudo apt install mysql-server
3, sudo mysql_secure_installation; 根据提示进行设置
4, sudo mysql
5, 查看用户表信息 
SELECT user,authentication_string,plugin,host FROM mysql.user;
+------------------+-------------------------------------------+-----------------------+-----------+
| user             | authentication_string                     | plugin                | host      |
+------------------+-------------------------------------------+-----------------------+-----------+
| root             |                                           | auth_socket           | localhost |
| mysql.session    | *THISISNOTAVALIDPASSWORDTHATCANBEUSEDHERE | mysql_native_password | localhost |
| mysql.sys        | *THISISNOTAVALIDPASSWORDTHATCANBEUSEDHERE | mysql_native_password | localhost |
| debian-sys-maint | *DEB29A8ED2C321F262FBA44912F947318ECAA6FA | mysql_native_password | localhost |
+------------------+-------------------------------------------+-----------------------+-----------+

6, 设置密码
ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY 'yourpasswod';

7, 再次查看
SELECT user,authentication_string,plugin,host FROM mysql.user;
+------------------+-------------------------------------------+-----------------------+-----------+
| user             | authentication_string                     | plugin                | host      |
+------------------+-------------------------------------------+-----------------------+-----------+
| root             | *5453C94A8D435513D0518C27E08B42F173870BF8 | mysql_native_password | localhost |
| mysql.session    | *THISISNOTAVALIDPASSWORDTHATCANBEUSEDHERE | mysql_native_password | localhost |
| mysql.sys        | *THISISNOTAVALIDPASSWORDTHATCANBEUSEDHERE | mysql_native_password | localhost |
| debian-sys-maint | *DEB29A8ED2C321F262FBA44912F947318ECAA6FA | mysql_native_password | localhost |
+------------------+-------------------------------------------+-----------------------+-----------+
8, 使用新密码登录

FileZilla

sudo apt-get install filezilla

Meld 文件比对

sudo apt-get install meld

一些软件

• wine: https://github.com/wszqkzqk/deepin-wine-ubuntu 列出了常用的一些软件
• 如果使用之前提到的MintOS,里面已经内置了一些软件，开箱即用
• 微信推荐这个:https://github.com/geeeeeeeeek/electronic-wechat/releases
• 小书匠:http://soft.xiaoshujiang.com/,推荐这个原因是可以关联印象笔记。