std::accumulate
accumulate定义在头文件numeric
中,作用有两个:
-
累加求和(不仅可以求int,float等类型还可以求和string类型)
-
自定义类型数据的处理
函数原型:
template <class InputIt, class T >
T accumulate( InputIt first, InputIt last, T init );
template <class _InIt, class _Ty, class _Fn> //_Reduce_op是一个回调函数
_Ty accumulate(const _InIt _First, const _InIt _Last, _Ty _Val, _Fn _Reduce_op)
参数:
-
first, last:要求和的元素范围
-
init,_Val:和的初值
示例:
#include <string>
#include <vector>
#include <numeric>
#include <map>
struct Grade
{
std::string name;
int grade;
};
int main()
{
Grade subject[3] = {
{ "English", 8 },
{ "Biology", 7 },
{ "History", 9 }};
std::vector<std::string> str{ "abc","def","xyz" };
std::map<std::string, int> m{ {"a",2},{"b",3},{"c",4} };
//auto r = std::accumulate(std::begin(str), std::end(str), ""); //报错,第三个参数类型必须保持一致
//sum0 = "abcdefxyz"
auto sum0 = std::accumulate(std::begin(str), std::end(str), std::string(""));
//sum1 = 24 sum2 = 9
int sum1 = std::accumulate(subject, subject + 3, 0, [](int a, Grade b) {return a + b.grade; });
int sum2 = std::accumulate(m.begin(),m.end(), 0, [](int a, std::pair<std::string, int> it) {return a + it.second; });
//一定注意,lambda表达式的第二个参数是pair,因为map容器的元素类型为pair
system("pause");
return 0;
}
std::reduce
类似std::accumulate,但不依序求和