1.使用synchronized关键字修饰类或者代码块;
2.使用Volatile关键字修饰变量;
3.在类中加入重入锁。
代码示例:
非同步状态下:
public static void main(String[] args){ Increase increase = new Increase(); int count = 10; while (count != 0){ new Thread(() -> { increase.increasementAndPrint(); }).start(); count --; } } static class Increase { private int i = 0; void increasementAndPrint() { System.out.print(i++ + " "); } }
这种情况下可能会导致多个线程输出的i相同:
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使用同步:
1.使用synchronized关键字 //保证原子性和有序性 static class Increase { private int i = 0; synchronized void increasementAndPrint() { System.out.println(i++); } } 2.使用volatile //保证原子性,不保证有序性 static class Increase { private volatile int i = 0; void increasementAndPrint() { System.out.println(i++); } } 3.使用重入锁 //保证原子性和有序性 static class Increase { private ReentrantLock reentrantLock = new ReentrantLock(); private int i = 0; void increasementAndPrint() { reentrantLock.lock(); System.out.println(i++); reentrantLock.unlock(); } }