Java基础之处理事件——添加工具栏（Sketcher 7 with File toolbar buttons）

控制台程序。

工具栏在应用程序窗口中通常位于内容面板顶部的菜单栏下，包含直接访问菜单选项的按钮。在Sketcher程序中可以为最常用的菜单项添加工具栏。

工具栏是javax.swing.JToolBar类定义的Swing组件。想SketcherFrame类定义中添加如下域，可以为这个类添加一个用于工具栏的成员：

private JToolBar toolBar = new JToolBar();

为了把工具栏添加到应用程序窗口中，需要在SkecherFrame构造函数已有代码的后面添加如下语句：

getContentPane().add(toolBar,BorderLayout.NORTH);

对图标的引用一般存储在javax.swing.Icon类型的变量中，javax.swing.Icon是接口，其中声明的方法getHeight()和getWidth()分别用来返回图标的高度和宽度（以像素为单位）。Icon接口还声明了paint()方法，用来在组件上绘制图标图像。javax.swing.ImageIcon类实现了Icon接口，使用这个类在程序中通过包含定义图标图像数据的文件来创建图标对象。

ImageIcon类有多个构造函数，这里使用的构造函数仅仅接收一个String参数，这个参数指定了包含图标图像的文件的路径。传送为参数的String对象可以只是文件名，此时文件应位于Sketcher执行时的当前目录下。

在自定义包中指定图标文件的路径：

 1 // Defines application wide constants
 2 package Constants;
 3 import java.awt.Color;
 4 import javax.swing.*;
 5 
 6 public class SketcherConstants {
 7   // Path for images
 8   public final static String imagePath = "E:/JavaProject/BeginningJava/Images/";
 9 
10   // Toolbar icons
11   public final static Icon NEW24 = new ImageIcon(imagePath + "New24.gif");
12   public final static Icon OPEN24 = new ImageIcon(imagePath + "Open24.gif");
13   public final static Icon SAVE24 = new ImageIcon(imagePath + "Save24.gif");
14   public final static Icon SAVEAS24 = new ImageIcon(imagePath + "SaveAs24.gif");
15   public final static Icon PRINT24 = new ImageIcon(imagePath + "Print24.gif");
16 
17   // Element type definitions
18   public final static int LINE      = 101;
19   public final static int RECTANGLE = 102;
20   public final static int CIRCLE    = 103;
21   public final static int CURVE     = 104;
22 
23   // Initial conditions
24   public final static int DEFAULT_ELEMENT_TYPE = LINE;
25   public final static Color DEFAULT_ELEMENT_COLOR = Color.BLUE;
26 }

  1 // Frame for the Sketcher application
  2 import javax.swing.*;
  3 import javax.swing.border.*;
  4 import java.awt.event.*;
  5 import java.awt.*;
  6 
  7 import static java.awt.event.InputEvent.*;
  8 import static java.awt.AWTEvent.*;
  9 import static java.awt.Color.*;
 10 import static Constants.SketcherConstants.*;
 11 import static javax.swing.Action.*;
 12 
 13 @SuppressWarnings("serial")
 14 public class SketcherFrame extends JFrame {
 15   // Constructor
 16   public SketcherFrame(String title) {
 17     setTitle(title);                                                   // Set the window title
 18     setJMenuBar(menuBar);                                              // Add the menu bar to the window
 19     setDefaultCloseOperation(EXIT_ON_CLOSE);                           // Default is exit the application
 20 
 21     createFileMenu();                                                  // Create the File menu
 22     createElementMenu();                                               // Create the element menu
 23     createColorMenu();                                                 // Create the element menu
 24     createToolbar();
 25     toolBar.setRollover(true);
 26     getContentPane().add(toolBar, BorderLayout.NORTH);
 27   }
 28 
 29   // Create File menu item actions
 30   private void createFileMenuActions() {
 31     newAction = new FileAction("New", 'N', CTRL_DOWN_MASK);
 32     openAction = new FileAction("Open", 'O', CTRL_DOWN_MASK);
 33     closeAction = new FileAction("Close");
 34     saveAction = new FileAction("Save", 'S', CTRL_DOWN_MASK);
 35     saveAsAction = new FileAction("Save As...");
 36     printAction = new FileAction("Print", 'P', CTRL_DOWN_MASK);
 37     exitAction = new FileAction("Exit", 'X', CTRL_DOWN_MASK);
 38 
 39     // Initialize the array
 40     FileAction[] actions = {openAction, closeAction, saveAction, saveAsAction, printAction, exitAction};
 41     fileActions = actions;
 42 
 43     // Add toolbar icons
 44     newAction.putValue(LARGE_ICON_KEY, NEW24);
 45     openAction.putValue(LARGE_ICON_KEY, OPEN24);
 46     saveAction.putValue(LARGE_ICON_KEY, SAVE24);
 47     saveAsAction.putValue(LARGE_ICON_KEY, SAVEAS24);
 48     printAction.putValue(LARGE_ICON_KEY, PRINT24);
 49   }
 50 
 51   // Create the File menu
 52   private void createFileMenu() {
 53     JMenu fileMenu = new JMenu("File");                                // Create File menu
 54     fileMenu.setMnemonic('F');                                         // Create shortcut
 55     createFileMenuActions();                                           // Create Actions for File menu item
 56 
 57     // Construct the file drop-down menu
 58     fileMenu.add(newAction);                                           // New Sketch menu item
 59     fileMenu.add(openAction);                                          // Open sketch menu item
 60     fileMenu.add(closeAction);                                         // Close sketch menu item
 61     fileMenu.addSeparator();                                           // Add separator
 62     fileMenu.add(saveAction);                                          // Save sketch to file
 63     fileMenu.add(saveAsAction);                                        // Save As menu item
 64     fileMenu.addSeparator();                                           // Add separator
 65     fileMenu.add(printAction);                                         // Print sketch menu item
 66     fileMenu.addSeparator();                                           // Add separator
 67     fileMenu.add(exitAction);                                          // Print sketch menu item
 68     menuBar.add(fileMenu);                                             // Add the file menu
 69   }
 70 
 71   // Create Element menu actions
 72   private void createElementTypeActions() {
 73     lineAction = new TypeAction("Line", LINE, 'L', CTRL_DOWN_MASK);
 74     rectangleAction = new TypeAction("Rectangle", RECTANGLE, 'R', CTRL_DOWN_MASK);
 75     circleAction =  new TypeAction("Circle", CIRCLE,'C', CTRL_DOWN_MASK);
 76     curveAction = new TypeAction("Curve", CURVE,'U', CTRL_DOWN_MASK);
 77 
 78     // Initialize the array
 79     TypeAction[] actions = {lineAction, rectangleAction, circleAction, curveAction};
 80     typeActions = actions;
 81   }
 82 
 83   // Create the Elements menu
 84   private void createElementMenu() {
 85     createElementTypeActions();
 86     JMenu elementMenu = new JMenu("Elements");                         // Create Elements menu
 87     elementMenu.setMnemonic('E');                                      // Create shortcut
 88     createRadioButtonDropDown(elementMenu, typeActions, lineAction);
 89     menuBar.add(elementMenu);                                          // Add the element menu
 90   }
 91 
 92   // Create Color menu actions
 93   private void createElementColorActions() {
 94     redAction = new ColorAction("Red", RED, 'R', CTRL_DOWN_MASK|ALT_DOWN_MASK);
 95     yellowAction = new ColorAction("Yellow", YELLOW, 'Y', CTRL_DOWN_MASK|ALT_DOWN_MASK);
 96     greenAction = new ColorAction("Green", GREEN, 'G', CTRL_DOWN_MASK|ALT_DOWN_MASK);
 97     blueAction = new ColorAction("Blue", BLUE, 'B', CTRL_DOWN_MASK|ALT_DOWN_MASK);
 98 
 99     // Initialize the array
100     ColorAction[] actions = {redAction, greenAction, blueAction, yellowAction};
101     colorActions = actions;
102   }
103 
104   // Create the Color menu
105   private void createColorMenu() {
106     createElementColorActions();
107     JMenu colorMenu = new JMenu("Color");                              // Create Elements menu
108     colorMenu.setMnemonic('C');                                        // Create shortcut
109     createRadioButtonDropDown(colorMenu, colorActions, blueAction);
110     menuBar.add(colorMenu);                                            // Add the color menu
111   }
112 
113   // Menu creation helper
114   private void createRadioButtonDropDown(JMenu menu, Action[] actions, Action selected) {
115     ButtonGroup group = new ButtonGroup();
116     JRadioButtonMenuItem item = null;
117     for(Action action : actions) {
118       group.add(menu.add(item = new JRadioButtonMenuItem(action)));
119       if(action == selected) {
120         item.setSelected(true);                                        // This is default selected
121       }
122     }
123   }
124 
125   // Create toolbar buttons on the toolbar
126   private void createToolbar() {
127     for(FileAction action: fileActions){
128       if(action != exitAction && action != closeAction)
129         addToolbarButton(action);                                      // Add the toolbar button
130     }
131  }
132 
133   // Create and add a toolbar button
134   private void addToolbarButton(Action action) {
135     JButton button = new JButton(action);                              // Create from Action
136     button.setBorder(BorderFactory.createCompoundBorder(               // Add button border
137            new EmptyBorder(2,5,5,2),                                   // Outside border
138            BorderFactory.createRaisedBevelBorder()));                  // Inside border
139     button.setHideActionText(true);                                    // No label on the button
140     toolBar.add(button);                                               // Add the toolbar button
141   }
142 
143   // Inner class defining Action objects for File menu items
144   class FileAction extends AbstractAction {
145     // Create action with a name
146     FileAction(String name) {
147       super(name);
148     }
149 
150     // Create action with a name and accelerator
151     FileAction(String name, char ch, int modifiers) {
152       super(name);
153       putValue(ACCELERATOR_KEY, KeyStroke.getKeyStroke(ch, modifiers));
154 
155       // Now find the character to underline
156       int index = name.toUpperCase().indexOf(ch);
157       if(index != -1) {
158         putValue(DISPLAYED_MNEMONIC_INDEX_KEY, index);
159       }
160     }
161 
162     // Event handler
163     public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
164       // You will add action code here eventually...
165     }
166   }
167 
168   // Inner class defining Action objects for Element type menu items
169   class TypeAction extends AbstractAction {
170     // Create action with just a name property
171     TypeAction(String name, int typeID) {
172       super(name);
173       this.typeID = typeID;
174     }
175 
176     // Create action with a name and an accelerator
177     private TypeAction(String name,int typeID, char ch, int modifiers) {
178       this(name, typeID);
179       putValue(ACCELERATOR_KEY, KeyStroke.getKeyStroke(ch, modifiers));
180 
181       // Now find the character to underline
182       int index = name.toUpperCase().indexOf(ch);
183       if(index != -1) {
184         putValue(DISPLAYED_MNEMONIC_INDEX_KEY, index);
185       }
186     }
187 
188     public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
189       elementType = typeID;
190     }
191 
192     private int typeID;
193   }
194 
195   // Handles color menu items
196   class ColorAction  extends AbstractAction {
197     // Create an action with a name and a color
198     public ColorAction(String name, Color color) {
199       super(name);
200       this.color = color;
201     }
202 
203     // Create an action with a name, a color, and an accelerator
204     public ColorAction(String name, Color color, char ch, int modifiers) {
205       this(name, color);
206       putValue(ACCELERATOR_KEY, KeyStroke.getKeyStroke(ch, modifiers));
207 
208       // Now find the character to underline
209       int index = name.toUpperCase().indexOf(ch);
210       if(index != -1) {
211         putValue(DISPLAYED_MNEMONIC_INDEX_KEY, index);
212       }
213     }
214 
215     public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
216       elementColor = color;
217     }
218 
219     private Color color;
220   }
221 
222   // File actions
223   private FileAction newAction, openAction, closeAction, saveAction, saveAsAction, printAction, exitAction;
224   private FileAction[] fileActions;                                    // File actions as an array
225 
226   // Element type actions
227   private TypeAction lineAction, rectangleAction, circleAction, curveAction;
228   private TypeAction[] typeActions;                                    // Type actions as an array
229 
230 // Element color actions
231   private ColorAction redAction, yellowAction,greenAction, blueAction;
232   private ColorAction[] colorActions;                                  // Color actions as an array
233 
234   private JMenuBar menuBar = new JMenuBar();                           // Window menu bar
235   private Color elementColor = DEFAULT_ELEMENT_COLOR;                  // Current element color
236   private int elementType = DEFAULT_ELEMENT_TYPE;                      // Current element type
237   private JToolBar toolBar = new JToolBar();                           // Window toolbar
238 }

 1 // Sketching application
 2 import javax.swing.*;
 3 import java.awt.*;
 4 import java.awt.event.*;
 5 
 6 public class Sketcher {
 7   public static void main(String[] args) {
 8      theApp = new Sketcher();                                          // Create the application object
 9    SwingUtilities.invokeLater(new Runnable() {
10             public void run() {
11                           theApp.createGUI();                          // Call GUI creator
12             }
13         });
14   }
15 
16   // Method to create the application GUI
17   private void createGUI() {
18     window = new SketcherFrame("Sketcher");                            // Create the app window
19     Toolkit theKit = window.getToolkit();                              // Get the window toolkit
20     Dimension wndSize = theKit.getScreenSize();                        // Get screen size
21 
22     // Set the position to screen center & size to half screen size
23     window.setSize(wndSize.width/2, wndSize.height/2);                 // Set window size
24     window.setLocationRelativeTo(null);                                // Center window
25 
26     window.addWindowListener(new WindowHandler());                     // Add window listener
27     window.setVisible(true);
28   }
29 
30   // Handler class for window events
31   class WindowHandler extends WindowAdapter {
32     // Handler for window closing event
33     @Override
34     public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
35       // Code to be added here...
36     }
37   }
38 
39   private SketcherFrame window;                                        // The application window
40   private static Sketcher theApp;                                      // The application object
41 }

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原文地址：https://www.cnblogs.com/mannixiang/p/3486712.html